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标  题: 开拓智域(二十二) 20. Bibliography, Notes, and Acknowledgements
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20. Bibliography, Notes, and Acknowledgements

[Miller] Miller, William Ian; Bloodtaking and Peacemaking: Feud, Law, and
Society in Saga Iceland; University of Chicago Press 1990,
ISBN 0-226-52680-1. A fascinating study of Icelandic folkmoot law,
which both illuminates the ancestry of the Lockeantheory of property
and describes the later stages of a historical process by which
custom passed into customary law and thence to written law.

[Mal] Malaclypse the Younger; Principia Discordia, or How I Found Goddess and
What I Did To Her When I Found Her; Loompanics, ISBN 1-55950-040-9.
Amidst much enlightening silliness, the `SNAFU principle' provides
a rather trenchant analysis of why command hierarchies don't scale well.
There's a browseable HTML version.

[BCT] J. Barkow, L. Cosmides, and J. Tooby (Eds.); The adapted mind:
Evolutionary psychology and the generation of culture. New York:
Oxford University Press 1992. An excellent introduction to evolutionary
psychology. Some of the papers bear directly on the three cultural types
I discuss (command/exchange/gift), suggesting that these
patterns are wired into the human psyche fairly deep.

[MHG] Goldhaber, Michael K.; The Attention Economy and the Net. I discovered
this paper after my version 1.7. It has obvious flaws (Goldhaber's
argument for the inapplicability of economic reasoning to attention
does not bear close examination),
but Goldhaber nevertheless has funny and perceptive things to say about the
role of attention-seeking in organizing behavior. The prestige or peer
repute I have discussed can fruitfully be viewed as a particular case of
attention in his sense.

[HH] I have summarized the history of hackerdom at
http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-hist.html. The book that will explain
it really well remains to be written, probably not by me.

[N] The term `noosphere' is an obscure term of art in philosophy derived from
the Greek `nous' meaning `mind', `spirit', or `breath'.
It is pronounced KNOW-uh-sfeer (two o-sounds, one long and stressed,
one short and unstressed tending towards schwa). If one is being
excruciatingly correct about one's orthography, it is
properly spelled with a diaresis over one `o' -- just don't
ask me which one.

[RP] There are some subtleties about rogue patches. One can divide them into
`friendly' and `unfriendly' types. A `friendly' patch is designed to be
merged back into the project's main-line sources under the maintainer's
control (whether or not that merge actually happens); an `unfriendly'
one is intended to yank the project in a direction the maintainer
doesn't approve. Some projects (notably the Linux kernel
itself) are pretty relaxed about friendly patches and even encourage
independent distribution of them as part of their beta-test phase.
An unfriendly patch, on the other hand, represents a decision to
compete with the original and is a serious matter.
Maintaining a whole raft of unfriendly patches tends to lead to forking.

I am indebted to Michael Funk <mwfunk@uncc.campus.mci.net> for pointing out
how instructive a contrast with hackers the pirate culture are.
Robert Lanphier<robla@real.com> contributed much to the discussion of
egoless behavior.

Eric Kidd <eric.kidd@pobox.com> highlighted the role of valuing humility in
preventing cults of personality. The section on global effects was
inspired by comments from Daniel Burn <daniel@tsathoggua.lab.usyd.edu.au>.
Mike Whitaker <mrw@entropic.co.uk> inspired the main thread in the section on
acculturation.

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--
看着她笑，他忽然觉得她好寂寞好寂寞。
她静静的看了他半天，才柔柔慢慢的:「你好像已经找到了。」

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