BBSˮľÇ廪վ¡Ã¾«»ªÇø
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows
95 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
×÷Õß: Marc Vuilleumier Stückelberg, Sandro Viale and David Clerc
ÒëÕß: Yun-Yul Tseng yytseng@auto.fcu.edu.tw
v2.5.2, ¾ÅÔ 1997
Abstract
Õâ·ÝÎļþ½«ËµÃ÷ÈçºÎʹһȺPCÓµÓÐÏ൱Îȶ¨µÄ Server-based ¼Ü¹¹ ,
´Ë·¨¿Éʹÿ̨PCÔÚ ¿ª»úʱѡÔñʹÓúÎÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳ. ´ËÖּܹ¹µÄ¾«Òª¾ÍÊÇ
TCP/IP bootprom ,Ëü¿ÉÒÔÈÃʹÓÃÕß ÔÚ¿ª»úʱѡÔñ²»Í¬µÄ¿ª»úÇø¿é.
´Ë·ÝÎļþµÄ×îа汾,°üº¬³¬ÎļþÁ¬½áµ½¿É¹©ÏÂÔصÄÈíÌå¼°ÆäËüÏà¹ØµÄ×ÊѶ,¶¼¿ÉÒÔÔÚÕâ¸öÍøÖ·ÕÒµ½
http://cuiwww.unige.ch/info/pc/remote-boot/howto.html. Linuxdoc-
SGML,DVI ¼° postscript¸÷ÖÖ°æ±¾¶¼ÔÚÕâ¸öĿ¼ÏÂ.
CONTENTS
1. ÓÐÄÇЩ±ä¸ü... ............................................................ 1
1.1 ...´Ó 1.x °æáá ? ..................................................... 1
1.2 ...´Ó 2.4 °æáá? ...................................................... 1
2. ¼ò½é ..................................................................... 2
2.1 Íø· ................................................................. 2
2.2 ËüÊÇÈçºÎ¹¤×÷ ......................................................... 3
2.3 Ïà¹Ø·ÇÉÌÒµ ........................................................... 4
3. ÈçºÎÉ趨 ................................................................. 4
3.1 É趨¿ª»úÁ÷³Ì ......................................................... 5
3.2 É趨 Linux ........................................................... 7
3.3 É趨 DOS 6 ¼° Windows 3.1 ........................................... 14
3.4 É趨 Windows 95 ..................................................... 17
4. TCP/IP Bootprom Ïà¹Ø¹¤¾ß³Ìʽ ............................................ 22
4.1 MENUEDIT ............................................................ 22
4.2 BPHDBOOT ............................................................ 22
4.3 BPCLEAN ............................................................. 23
4.4 MRZIP, MRUNZIP and BPUNZIP .......................................... 24
4.5 NOBREAK ............................................................. 25
5. ÌÖÂÛ .................................................................... 26
5.1 Bootproms Óë Ó²µú»ú ................................................. 26
5.2 ʹÓÃÄÇÒ»ÖÖ Bootprom ? ............................................... 26
i
1. ÓÐÄÇЩ±ä¸ü...
1.1 ...´Ó 1.x °æáá ?
Ò»´ó¶Ñ±ä¶¯:
· Linux server-based µÄ¼Ü¹¹ÓëÎļþÒÑÈ«²¿ÖØÐÂÉè¼Æ. Ä¿Ç°ÊÇÒÔ RedHat Linux
4.1ΪÖ÷ , kernel ¸üгÉ2.0.30 . ¸ü¼ò»¯ÁË Linux ϵͳµÄÉ趨Óëά»¤.
· DOS ºÍ Windows µÄÉ趨ҲÖØÐÂÉè¼Æ¹ý, ¼¸ºõ»»³É "hard-disk based" .
Èç´ËʹµÃ¼Ü¹¹¸ü¼Ó¼ò»¯, ¿ª»úËٶȱä¿ì, ½µµÍÍø·µÄ¸ºÔØ,ÉõÖÁÔÊÐíWindows NT
workstation ²ÉÓà server-based setup (ËäÈ»»¹Î´ÔÚ±¾ÎÄÖÐ̸µ½).
· Ä¿Ç°ÎÒÃÇÓÃһ̨ DHCP server, ×ñÑ° DHCP/BOOTP extensions (RFC 2132).
· ÔÚÕâ¸ö¼Ü¹¹Ò²ÓÃÁË Samba Ãâ·ÑµÄ SMB server , À´È¡´ú Novell server. ÊÂʵÉÏ,
ÎÒÃÇÕýÒª¶ªµôÎÒÃÇµÄ Novell server...
1.2 ...´Ó 2.4 °æáá?
Ð嵀 ¿ª»úÆìÖÄ ¹¦ÄÜÒѼÓÔÚ bpunzip Õâ¸ö¹¤¾ß³Ìʽ. ËüÏÖÔÚ¿ÉÒÔ ÔÚ VESA-
ÏàÈÝÐ͵ÄÏÔÊÓ¿¨Ï¹¤×÷. ¿ª»úÆìÖÄ¿ÉÒÔÓà ESC¼ü; ´ÓÓ©Ä»ÖÐÒƵô;
ÆäËûµÄ°´¼üÒѲ»»á¸ÉÈŵ½ TFTP µÄ´«Êä. MRZIP,ÓÐÒ» Ö»³ô¡õ, ÔÚ½âѹËõ ´ÅµúѹËõÓ°Ïñ
ʱ»áµ¼ÖÁ "Bad compressed data" ´íÎó, ÎÒÃÇÒÑ·¢ÏÖ²¢ÐÞÕýÁË. ÁíÍâÔÚ BPUNZIP
Öз¢ÏÖµÄÁ½Ö»»áµ¼ÖÁµçÄÔµ±»úµÄ³ô¡õÒ²±»ÐÞ ÕýÁË.
¸ü¼ÓÍêÕûµÄ . ¼ÓÈëÁ¬½áµ½Ïà¹ØÈíÌå (Shared LAN Cache) ¼°Îļþ (from J. Carlstedt,
of The Cathedral School of Uppsala, Sweden).
¼ÓÈë UNZIPREG Ôʼ³ÌʽÂëµÄÁ¬½áλַ. ÕâЩ×ÊѶÊÇÓÃÀ´¸úWindows 95 OSR2´îÅäʹÓõÄ.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 15 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 25 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
bootptag Linux°æµÄ¹¤¾ß³Ìʽ¸Ä²É DHCP È¡´ú BOOTP. ÏÖÔÚ¿ÉÒÔ¸ú Solaris 2.6 DHCP
server Ò»Æð´îÅäʹÓÃ.
2. ¼ò½é
ÕâÀïËùÃèÊöµÄ¼Ü¹¹ÊÇ´Ó1996 Ïļ¾¿ªÊ¼ÔÚ CUI, University of GenevaËù·¢Õ¹µÄ.
Õâ¸ö×ÊѶϵÓÐÐí¶àµÄËÅ·þÆ÷(´ó¶àÊÇ Unix Óë Novell), ºÍһЩ¸öÈ˵çÄÔ,
¿ÉÒÀÓÃ;·ÖΪÁ½Àà:
· ѧÉúʹÓÃ
· Ñо¿Ó븨Öú½Ìѧ
ÒÔÏÂÊÇÎÒÃÇ·¢Õ¹ÕâÖּܹ¹µÄÄ¿±ê:
· ÈκÎһ̨µçÄÔ¶¼¿ÉÒÔÖ´ÐÐ Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 or Windows 95.
ÿ´Î¿ª»úʱ¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñËùÐèÒªµÄ×÷ҵϵͳ.
· ËùÓеÄÈíÌå, °üº¬×÷ҵϵͳ, ¿ÉÒÔ·ÅÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ, ±ã춰²×°Óë¸üÐÂ.
· ¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔ¿ÉÒÔ²»¶ÔËÅ·þÆ÷×÷дÈëµÄ״̬ÏÂÕý³£¹¤×÷(ΪÁË°²È«ÐÔ),home Ŀ¼³ýÍâ.
· ¾¡¿ÉÄܼõÉÙ¿Í»§¶ËµÄÉ趨. ¿Í»§¶Ë¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯ÓÉËÅ·þÆ÷È¡µÃ IP ×é̬É趨,
ÕâЩ×ÊѶ·ÅÔÚÒ»¸öСµµ°¸, ¿É¹©¸÷ÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳʹÓÃ.
· ´ó²¿·ÝµÄµçÄÔ¶¼¸÷×ÔÓµÓÐÓ²µú,
¿Í»§¶Ë¿ÉÒÔ¿¿ÕâÓŵãÀ´½µµÍÍø·¸ºÔØÓë´æ·ÅʹÓÃÕßµÄÔÝ´æµµ.
· ËùÓеÄʹÓÃÕ߶¼ ±ØÐë×¢²á²ÅÄÜʹÓõçÄÔ.
· ×¢²á×ÊѶ±ØÐëËùÓеÄ×÷ҵϵͳ¶¼ÏàͬÇÒʹÓÃÕß¿ÉÒÔ´æÈ¡¸öÈ˵ÄĿ¼,¶øÿÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳ¶¼Ò»ÖÂ.
· ѧÉúËùʹÓõĵçÄÔÔÚÿ´ÎÆô¶¯Ê±±ØÐëÇåÀíÒ»´Î. Ò²¾ÍÊÇÏñ¸Õ°²×°ÍêµÄÑù×Ó.
· ÿ̨µçÄÔ¿ÉÒÔ·À¶¾.
ÕâЩÏÞÖÆʹÎÒÃÇÑ¡ÓÃÀ´×ÔKöppen EDV GmbH µÄ TCP/IP Bootprom ÒòΪÕâÖÖ Bootprom
¸ú×÷ҵϵͳÎ޹ضøÁîÎÒÃÇÏ൱¸ÐÐËȤ; ËüÖ»ÊÇÄ£Äâ³öһ̨Èíµú»ú, ¶øÇÒµ±ÒÔ Linux
¿ª»úʱ¾Í¸ú DOS »ò Windows 95 Ò»Ñù¼òµ¥. ÁíÍâ,¿ª»ú´ÅµúµÄ
Ó°Ïñµµ,¿ÉÓÉ×ÔÖƵijÌʽÀ´È¡´ú, Õâ¸ö¹¦ÄÜʹÎÒÃÇÄÜÔÚ×÷ҵϵͳÆô¶¯Ç°,ÏÈ×öÐí¶à³õʼÉ趨.
2.1 Íø·
Geneva ´óѧӵÓÐ B ¼¶ÍøÓò, ·Ö¸î³ÉÐí¶à×ÓÍø·. CUI ¹²Ê¹ÓÃÁËËĸö×ÓÍø·,
ÆäÖÐÖ®Ò»¹©Ñ§ÉúʹÓÃ.
Ô±¾,ÎÒÃǵĸöÈ˵çÄÔʹÓÃÁ½ÖÖÍø·µÄͨѶж¨: IPX Óë IP. IPX ÕâÒ»Àà,ÎÒÃÇÓÉһ̨
Novell Netware 3 µÄËÅ·þÆ÷¹²Óà DOS Óë WindowsµÄÈíÌå. IP ÕâÒ»Àà, ÎÒÃÇÓÉһ̨ SUN
ËÅ·þÆ÷¿¿ NFS ¹²Óà Linux ÈíÌå¼°¸öÈ˵ķָîÇø.
ÔÚÎÒÃÇ×îеļܹ¹ÖÐ, ÒѲ»ÔÙʹÓà IPX ͨѶж¨. ¸ÄÓÉһ̨ Unix ËÅ·þÆ÷ (¿ÉÒÔÊÇ Linux
»ò SUN)µ£ÈÎ, Linux ¿Í»§¶Ë ¿É͸¹ý NFS ¶ø DOSÓëWindowsÔòÓÉ SMB (NetBIOS) over
TCP/IP ¹²ÓÃÈíÌ弰ʹÓÃÕߵĵµ°¸.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 35 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
2.2 ËüÊÇÈçºÎ¹¤×÷
1. ¿Í»§¶Ë¸öÈ˵çÄÔ¿ª»úáá, ÔÚ TCP/IP Bootprom »ñµÃ¿ØÖÆȨ֮ǰÏÈ×ö×ÔÎÒ²âÊÔ.
2. Bootprom Ëͳö BOOTP/DHCP ÒªÇó¶øÈ¡µÃ IP ×é̬²ÎÊý.
3. Èç¹ûËÅ·þÆ÷ÊÕµ½¸öÈ˵çÄÔËùËͳöµÄÒªÇó, ¾Í»áËÍ»Ø BOOTP/DHCP
»ØÓ¦,ÄÚÈÝ°üÀ¨¿Í»§¶ËµÄ IP λַ, Ô¤ÉèͨѶբµÀ, ¼°¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ. ·ñÔò,
ËÅ·þÆ÷»áºöÂÔÕâ¸öÒªÇó.
4. Bootprom ÓÉ TFTP ͨѶж¨´ÓËÅ·þÆ÷ÏÂÔØ¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ,
²¢Í¬Ê±ÓÃÕâ¸ö¿ª»úÓ°ÏñµµÐéÄâ³öһ̨ BIOS ²ã¼¶µÄÈíµú»ú.
5. ¸öÈ˵çÄÔ͸¹ýÕâ¸ö¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ ¿ª»ú,
Õâ¸ö¿ª»úµµÖ»Êǵ¥´¿µÄ¿ª»ú³Ìʽ(²¢²»°üÀ¨×÷ҵϵͳ).
6. Èç¹ûÕą̂µçÄÔÊÇѧÉúµÄ¸öÈ˵çÄÔ, ¿ª»ú³Ìʽ¿ªÊ¼¾ÍÓÉ TFTP ͨѶж¨ÏÂÔØÒ»¸öС
µÄÎÄ×ÖµµÆäÄÚÈÝÊÇÐðÊöÕą̂µçÄÔµÄÓ²µú¹æ»®×´Ì¬. ͸¹ýÕâ¸öСµµ°¸,
Ó²µúµÄ·Ö¸îÇø½« ÖØй滮ÇÒ DOS ËùʹÓõķָîÇøÒ²±»¿ìËÙ¸ñʽ»¯.
µ±ËùÓеŤ×÷Íê³É, ÕâЩ¹¤×÷½«ÔÚ¿ª»úááÈýÃëÄÚÍê³É.
7. ¿ª»ú³Ìʽ½ÓÖøÈÃʹÓÃÕßÑ¡ÔñËùÐèµÄ×÷ҵϵͳ.
8. ÒÀÕÕʹÓÃÕßµÄÑ¡Ôñ, еĿª»úÓ°Ïñµµ½«´ÓËÅ·þÆ÷͸¹ý TFTP ͨѶж¨ÏÂÔØ.
9. Èç¹ûÑ¡ÔñʹÓà Linux, ¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ½«°üº¬ kernel loader ¼°Ñ¹Ëõ¹ýµÄ kernel, ´Ë
kernel ½«Ö§Ô® NFS root ¼°caching µµ°¸ ϵͳ:
1. µÚÒ»µã, IP ×é̬ÊÇ͸¹ý BOOTP/DHCP ͨѶж¨ÓÉ Novell ËÅ·þÆ÷Ëù½ÓÊÕ.
2. Õâ¸ö kernel ¿ÉÒÔ͸¹ý NFS ¹ÒÉÏÒ»¸öÖ»ÄܶÁµÄ root filesystem.
3. ¹ÒÉÏÒ»¿éÓÐдÈ빦ÄܵÄСÐÍ ramdisk .
4. Èç¹ûÔÚÓ²µúÄÚ·¢ÏÖ swap ·Ö¸îÇø, ÔòΪËü×öºÃ×¼±¸²¢Æô¶¯Ëü.
5. Èç¹ûÔÚÓ²µúÄÚ·¢ÏÖ linux ·Ö¸îÇø, ¹ÒÉÏËü²¢ÎªËü×öºÃ caching NFS ·Ö¸îÇø.
6. IP ×é̬һÍê³É, Æô¶¯ËùÓеķþÎñ, Ò²Æô¶¯ xdm.
7. ÒªÇóʹÓÃÕßµÇÈë. Õą̂¹¤×÷Õ¾¾ÍÐø.
10. Èç¹ûÑ¡ÔñʹÓà DOS »ò Windows, ¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ½«ÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ÉÒÔ´¦Àí FAT16
·Ö¸îÇøѹËõÓ°ÏñµÄ³Ìʽ. ͸¹ý TFTP ÏÂÔØ ¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ,
²¢ÇÒ´¢´æÔÚÓ²µúÖÐÒÔ¹©Î´À´Ê¹ÓÃ, °üº¬ÈκÎʹÓùýµÄ·Ö¸îÇø. ¸üÑϽôµÄ˵·¨ÊÇ,
Õâ¸ö³Ìʽ¿ÉÒÔÔÚÒÔÏ µÄ×´¿öÖÐÖ´ÐÐ:
1. Õâ¸ö³ÌʽÏÂÔØÒ»¸ö¼ì²éµµ (512 bytes)ÒÔÈ·ÈÏËùÑ¡×÷ҵϵͳµÄ¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ
2. Èç¹ûËùÐèµÄÓ°Ïñµµ²¢²»´æÔڴŵúÖÐ, »òÕßÓë¼ì²éµµ²»ÎǺÏ
(¿ÉÄÜÊÇÓÉ춿ª»úÓ°ÏñµµÒѱ»±ä¸ü»òÕßÒ»¸öРµÄ°æ±¾±»°²×°µ½ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ),
Õû¸öÓ°ÏàÏñµµ½«Í¸¹ý TFTP ͨѶж¨À´´«Êä.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 45 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
3. ×÷ҵϵͳµÄÓ°Ïñµµ½âѹËõµ½µÚÒ»¸ö FAT16µÄ·Ö¸îÇø,
´«ÊäËٶȴóÔ¼ÊÇÒÔÿÃëÒ» mega bytes.
4. ³Ìʽ½ÓÖøÌøµ½ËùÑ¡µÄ×÷ҵϵͳµÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÇø, ¶øËüÏÖÔÚÒÑ´æÔÚ±¾»úµÄÓ²µúÖÐ.
¶Ô DOS Óë Windows 3.1 ¶øÑÔ, ÎÒÃÇʹÓÃÃâ·ÑµÄ Microsoft LanManager for DOS
(Çë͸¹ýÍø·ÕÒµ½½Ï½Ó½üÄúµÄ mirror Õ¾; ËüÊÇÓÉÈý¸öµµ°¸Ëù×é³É disk1 to disk4)
µ±³É SMB ¿Í»§¶Ë. Microsoft LanManager ¿É½å DHCP ¶øÖ§Ô®¶¯Ì¬É趨.
ÔÚµÇÈëáá, ʹÓÃÕ߻ῴµ½ DOS, ²¢ÇÒ¿ÉÒÔ´ò win Æô¶¯ Windows 3.1 .
Çë×¢ÒâÕâµã, DOS Óë Windows 3.1 ¾ÍÈçͬ°²×°ÔÚ¿Í»§¶ËÒ»°ã. ¶Ô Windows 95
¶øÑÔ, ÎÒÃÇҲʹÓà Microsoft SMB ¿Í»§¶Ë (½Ð Client for the Microsoft Net
work), ËüÒ²¿É½å DHCP ¶øÖ§Ô®¶¯Ì¬É趨. ÎÒÃÇΪ½µµÍÍø·¸ºÔØʹÓÃÁË Shared LAN
Cache, Ò»¸öÇ¿¶øÓÐÁ¦µÄ network-to-disk cache ³Ìʽ.
ѧÉúËùʹÓõĵçÄÔ¿ÉÒԺܱ©Á¦µÄÖ±½Ó¹ØµôµçÔ´¶ø²»»áÓÐÈκÎÎÊÌâ,
ÒòΪӲµúµÄ×ÊÁÏÔÚÿ´Î¿ª»ú¶¼»áÖØн¨Á¢.
¶Ôì¶±È½Ï "°²È«µÄ" µçÄÔ (È縨Öú½ÌѧµÄµçÄÔ), »òÐíÓÐʱ»áʹÓÃÉÏÊöµÄ·½·¨À´¿ª»ú,
ÓÐʱÔòÖ±½ÓÔØÈëÓ²µúÄڵĿª»úÓ°Ïñµµ¶ø²»ÔÙÇåÀíÓ²µú.
ÕâÑù¿ÉÒÔÔÊÐíʹÓÃÕß±£Áô×ÊÁÏÔÚÓ²µúÖÐ. ¶øµ±×é̬ÐÞÕýááÓÖ¿ÉÒÔÍêÕûµÄ¸üпª»úÓ°Ïñµµ
¾ÍÈçͬÖØа²×°Ò»°ã.
2.3 Ïà¹Ø·ÇÉÌÒµ
ÕâÖÖ×é̬ÒѾ³É¹¦µÄÒÆÖ³µ½ÊÀ½çÉϵÄÐí¶àµØ·½.
ÉÙÊýÈËÒѾ¿ªÊ¼×дһЩ¼¼ÇɸúÌáʾÀ´Íê³ÉÕâ·Ý How-To. Èç¹ûÄú
Ò²Ôø×ö¹ýµ«ÔÚ±¾ÎļþÖÐδ±¸ÒýÓû¶ÓËÍÒ»·Ý e-mail ¸ø Marc.VuilleumierStuckel
berg@cui.unige.ch. Èç¹ûÄúÔÚÖؽ¨ÕâÖÖ×é̬ÖÐ Óöµ½ÎÊÌâ, ÇëÔÚÏêϸ¿´Ò»´ÎÎļþ !
· http://www.katedral.se/system/elevsyst, by Johan Carlstedt of The Cathe
dral School of Uppsala, Sweden.
· http://vitoria.upf.tche.br/~fred/, in portuguese, by Frederico Goldschmidt
of the Passo Fundo University, Brasil.
3. ÈçºÎÉ趨
Ê×ÏÈ, µ÷Õû»úÆ÷λÖÃʹÊÖ±ßÓÐÏÂÁÐÁ½Ì¨»úÆ÷:
· ËÅ·þÆ÷, ÎÒÃÇÊÇÓÃһ̨ Unix Ö÷»ú.
· ¿Í»§¶Ë, һ̨ÒѾÆô¶¯ TCP/IP Bootprom µÄ¸öÈ˵çÄÔ, Ó²µúÄÚ²»ÒªÓÐÖØÒª×ÊÁÏ.
Èç¹ûÄãÏëÒª²âÊÔÄúµÄ×é̬É趨¶øÄú»¹Ã»Äõ½ TCP/IP Bootprom, Äú¿ÉÒÔµ½
http://www.incom.de ÏÂÔزâÊÔ°æµÄ´ÅƬ. Õâ¸ö ´ÅƬ¿ÉÒÔʹÄúµÄµçÄԾͺÃÏñÊDzåÉÏ
TCP/IP Bootprom Ò»°ã.If you want to test the configuration but you do not yet
have a
ѧÉúËùʹÓõĵçÄÔ, ÎÒÃÇÉ趨 Bootprom ÓÉÍø·¿ª»ú, ²»ÄÜʹÓÃÓ²µú¿ª»ú¼°Èíµú¿ª»ú.
½ÌѧÓõçÄÔ, ÎÒÃÇÉ趨 Bootprom ¿ÉÒÔÓÉÍù·¿ª»ú, Ò²ÔÊÐíÓ²µúÓëÈíµú¿ª»ú;
ÔÚÄãµÄ¿Í»§¶ËÉ趨 Bootprom.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 55 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
ËÅ·þÆ÷¶Ë, É趨 DHCP daemon (ÎÒÃÇʹÓà Internet Software Consortium
ËùÌṩµÄÕýʽ°æ, 970329 ·¢ÐÐ). ÄãÒ²±ØÐèÆô¶¯ TFTP daemon. Õâ·ÝÎļþ½«¼ÙÉèÄúʹÓÃ
TCP/IP Bootprom ¹¤¾ß´ÅƬÄڵļÓÇ¿ÐÍ TFTP daemon . Èç¹ûÄú½Ïϲ»¶Ê¹Óñê×¼ µÄ TFTP
daemon, ÒƵôËùÓпª»úÓ°ÏñµµµÄ¸±µµÃû P, ÓÃÀ´Ö§»á Bootprom ʹÓñê×¼µÄ TFTP port
(Çë¿´ TCP/IP Bootprom Îļþ).
±ðÍüÁË BOOTP/DHCP ͨѶж¨±»ÏÞÖÆÔÚ×ÓÍøÓòÖÐʹÓÃ. Èç¹û¿Í»§¶ËÓëËÅ·þ¶Ë²»ÔÚͬһÍøÓò,
Äú±ØÐëÔÚÕâÁ½ÍøÓò¼ä ¼ÜÉèÕ¢µÀÆ÷. ÏÖÔÚ, ÏȼÙÉèÁ½Ì¨»úÆ÷ÔÚÏàͬµÄÍøÓòÖÐ.
Ê×ÏÈ, ÎÒÃÇÏÈ×öËùÓÐ×÷ҵϵͳ¶¼ÒªµÃ×öµÄÊÂ,Èç:
· É趨³õʼ»¯Ó²µúµÄ×é̬¼°ÇåÀí
· É趨×÷ҵϵͳѡµ¥
· ²âÊÔ¿ª»úÁ÷³Ì
È»áá, ¶ÔÿһÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳ, ÎÒÃǽ«Íê³ÉÏÂÁв½Öè:
· ½¨Á¢µ¥¶ÀµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë
· °ÑËüµÄ×é̬·Åµ½ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ
· ²âÊÔÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»ú¿Í»§¶Ë
· Óɱ¾×ð²úÉú·ÖÉí
Íê³ÉÕâЩÊÂ, ÒÔááÄãËù×·¼ÓµÄ¿Í»§¶ËÖ»Òª²åÉÏ Bootprom ÔÙ¼Ó¼¸Ðе½ DHCP É趨µµ.
3.1 É趨¿ª»úÁ÷³Ì
ÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷¶ËµÄ /tftpboot Ŀ¼ÏÂ, ·ÅÏÂÁеĿª»úÓ°Ïñµµ (ÕâЩÊǶþ½øλ¸ñʽ)
· bpclean, Ó²µúÇåÀí¹¤¾ß
· bpmenu, TCP/IP Bootprom Ñ¡µ¥³Ìʽ (°üº¬ÔÚÄúµÄ Bootprom ¹¤¾ß´ÅƬ)
· bpunzip, ÎÒÃǵÄÓ²µú»¹Ô¹¤¾ß
· bphdboot, ´«ËÍ¿ª»ú³ÌÐòµ½Ó²µúµÄÓ°Ïñµµ
3.1.1 Ó²µúµÄ³õʼ»¯ÓëÇåÀí
ÔÚÏàͬµÄĿ¼ÏÂ, ÎÒÃǽ¨Á¢·ûºÅÁ¬½áµ½ (»òÕßÖ±½ÓÓÿ½±³Ö¸Áî)) bpclean ÃüÃûΪ
XXXclean (»òÕßÄúÈÏΪ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÄú¼ÇסÕâÊÇÓÃÀ´ÇåÀíÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë»úÆ÷µÄÃû³Æ)
²¢ÇÒ²úÉúÒ»¸öÃûΪ XXXclean.tab µµÐðÊöÄú¿Í»§¶ËËùÐèµÄÓ²µú·Ö¸îÇø,
¼°ÄúÒªÁª½ÓµÄ¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ. ÀýÈç: ÎÒÃÇ¶Ô 2 Gb Ó²µúʹÓÃÏÂÃæµÄ·½·¨
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 65 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
# ÔÊÐí²»³¬¹ý 512 bytes µÄ˵Ã÷ÐðÊö
# Ê®Áù½øÖÆÇëÔÚ×ÖÊ×¼ÓÒ»¸ö $ Ç®×Ö·û
# Part | | Part
# type | Boot? | Size
6 Y +500 Mb
$82 N +31 Mb
$83 N -50 Mb
0
# Áª½ÓµÄÓ°Ïñµµ
/tftpboot/XXXmenu
ÍêÕûµÄµµ°¸¸ñʽÔÚááÃæ»áÐðÊö. ÏÖÔÚÄúÖ»ÒªÖªµÀÕâЩ
· ·Ö¸îÇøÐÍ̬ 6 ÊÇÖ¸ BIGDOS, ie. Èç. DOS Fat-16 ÓÉ 32Mb µ½ 500Mb
· ·Ö¸îÇøÐÍ̬ hex 82 ÊÇ Linux Swap
· ·Ö¸îÇøÐÍ̬ hex 83 ÊÇ Linux Ext2fs
· ´óСÈçΪ¸ºÖµ,Ôò±íʾÎÒÃǵĵÚÈý¸ö·Ö¸îÇøÖÁÉÙÒªÕ¼¾Ý 50 Mb
· ·Ö¸îÇøÐÍ̬ 0 ±íʾÊÇ ¿ÕµÄ (δʹÓõÄ) ·Ö¸îÇø.
ÏÖÔÚ, bpclean ÔÚ²»Çå³ý·Ö¸îÇø×ÊÁÏÄÚÈÝÏÂ,½«ÖØÐÂдÈëÖ÷Òª¿ª»ú¼Æ¼(master boot
record), µ±È»Ò²°üÀ¨·Ö¸î±í.
3.1.2 ×÷ҵϵͳѡµ¥
ͬÑùµÄ, ½¨Á¢·ûºÅÁ¬½á (»òÕßÖ±½Ó¿½±´) bpmenu ÃüÃûΪ XXXmenu
(»òÕßÄãÈÏΪ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÄú¼Çס ÕâÊÇ¿Í»§¶Ë»úÆ÷¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥µÄÃû³Æ) ²¢ÇÒ²úÉúÒ»¸öÃûΪ
XXXmenu.m µµÐðÊöÄú¿Í»§¶ËËùÐèµÄ¿ª »úÑ¡µ¥.
Äú±È¿ÉÒÔÊÖ¶¯²úÉúÕâ¸öµµ°¸»ò͸¹ýÎÒÃÇдµÄ¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥È«ÓªÄ»±à¼Æ÷ menuedit.exe. ÀýÈç,
¼ÙÉèÄúÓÃÏÂÁÐÕâ¸öµµ°¸:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 75 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
.CLS 23
.ATT 23
.POS 23 4
.WRT Simple Boot Menu \
.POS 23 5
.WRT ---------------- \
.POS 23 8
.WRT 1. Boot from local hard disk \
.POS 23 10
.WRT 2. Boot DOS and Windows 3 \
.POS 23 12
.WRT 3. Boot Windows 95 \
.POS 23 14
.WRT 4. Boot RedHat Linux \
.POS 23 17
.WRT Your choice : \
.POS 37 17
.KEY 1 :bphdboot
.KEY 2 :linux.PX
.KEY 3 :win31.P
.KEY 4 :win95.P
3.1.3 ²âÊÔ¿ª»ú³ÌÐò
ÔÚÄúµÄ DHCP É趨µµÖмÓÈëÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë. ²¢É趨¿ª»úÓ°ÏñµµÎª /tftpboot/XXXclean.
Äú¿ÉÄÜÐèÒªÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ÄúµÄ DHCP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÄúµÄ±ä¸üÉúЧ.
ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÆð¶¯ÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë. Äú¿ÉÒÔѶËٵĿ´µ½ÓÉ bpclean, ËùËͳöÀ´µÄѶϢ,
¸æËßÄúËüËù½¨Á¢µÄ·Ö¸îÇøµÄ´óС, È»ááÄú»á¿´µ½¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥³öÏÖÔÚÄúµÄӪĻÉÏ.
Äú¿ÉÒÔÓüüÅÌÉ쵀 pause ¼üÀ´ ÔÝÍ£ÒÔ±ã¶ÁÈ¡¸Õ¸ÕµÄѶϢ, µ«ÊÇÕâ¿ÉÄܻᵼÖ TFTP
µÄÁ¬½ÓÓâʱ.
Èç¹ûÄú°´Ï°´¼ü 1, Äú½«ÊÕµ½Ò»¸öÕâÑùµÄѶϢ"¿ª»ú·Ö¸îÇø´æÔÚÒ»¸öÎÞЧµÄ¿ª»ú´ÅÇø" (the
boot partition contains not valid boot sector).
¶Ôδ±»¸ñʽ»¯¹ýµÄ¿ª»ú·Ö¸îÇø¶øÑÔÕâÊÇÕý³£µÄ. Òò
ΪÎÒÃÇÏÖÔÚ»¹Î´½¨Á¢Èκ請úÓ°ÏñµµËùÒÔÆäËûµÄ°´¼ü½«»áʧЧ...
ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÒª¿ªÊ¼°²×°¸÷ÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳ. Äú¿ÉÒÀÄúµÄÐèÒªÀ´¾ö¶¨ÏÈ×öÄÇÒ»ÖÖ. ¶ÔÈκÎÒ»ÖÖ×÷Òµ
ϵͳ, Äú¶¼ÐèÒªÏÈ´ÓÈíµúÀ´×ö³õʼ»¯µÄ¶¯×÷. ËùÒÔÎÒÃÇÔÚ¿´µ½ TCP/IP Bootprom
µÄ±êÖ¾ááÁ¢ ¿Ì°´ space ¼ü»»³ÉÈíµú¿ª»ú.
ÓÐЩ×÷ҵϵͳ»á¸ü¶¯Ö÷Òª¿ª»ú¼Æ¼ (master boot record). ÌرðÊÇ Linux kernel loader
(lilo) »áÕâÑù ×ö.¶øÕâÖֱ䶯»áÒò bpcleanÕâ¸ö³Ìʽ¶øÎÞ·¨Íê³É,
Òò´ËÄú×îºÃ¸Ä±ä¿Í»§¶ËµÄ DHCP É趨ÄÚ ÈÝʹ¿ª»úÓ°ÏñµµÖ±½ÓÌøµ½ /tftpboot/XXXmenu
(²»×öÇåÀíµÄ¶¯×÷). ±ðÍüÁËҪʹÄúµÄ¸Ä±äÉúЧ,Äú±ØÐèÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ DHCP ËÅ·þÆ÷.
3.2 É趨 Linux
ÔÚÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë¼ÜÉè RedHat Linux 4.1 Ö§Ô®Íø·¹¦ÄÜ, kernel
Ôʼ³ÌʽÂë¼°ÄúËùÐèÒªµÄÈíÌåÌ×¼þ. ×¼±¸Î´À´Òª¹ÒÈëµÄµã (·ÅÔÚ /mnt/tmp ±È½ÏÓÐÓÃ),
É趨ÄúµÄ X server, µÈµÈ. ÔÚ /usr/src/linux-2.0.27 Ŀ¼ÖÐ, Äú±ØÐëÓÐ kernel
2.0.27 µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂë.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 85 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÒª¼ÓÈëһЩÐÞÕýµµ, ʹËüÉý¼¶µ½ 2.0.30, ²¢ÇÒÖ§Ô® TCP/IP Bootprom
¼°µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡µÄ ¹¦ÄÜ. µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡ÊÇÒ»¸ö °Ñ "δȷ¶¨µÄ" NFS µµ°¸´¢´æÔÚÄúÓ²µúÖеĽṹ,
ËüÄú¿ÉÒÔ½µµÍÍø· ¸ºÔØ. TCP/IP Bootprom µÄÖ§Ô®ÒѾÓÉ¡õMarc Vuilleumier Stuckel
berg Íê³É, ²¢ÇÒÓÉ David Clerc תÒƵ½ kernel 2.0 . µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡ÒѾÓÉ Unifix GmbH
Íê³É, ²¢ÇÒÒÑ ÊÇ Unifix Linux 2.0 µÄÒ»²¿·Ý. TCP/IP Bootprom
¼°µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡µÄÖ§Ô®¶¼ÒѾÓÉËüÃǵÄ×÷ÕßÃâ·ÑµÄÉ¢²¼.
ÖµµÃ×¢ÒâµÄÊÇ Linux ¶Ô NFS-Root µÄÖ§Ô®Ö»Äܼܹ¹ÔÚ BOOTP ͨѶж¨, ²»ÊÇ DHCP
ͨѶР¶¨. ½ö¹Ü DHCP Ö»ÊÇ BOOTP µÄÑÓÉì, Linux Ò²¿ÉÒÔÔÚ DHCP ËÅ·þÆ÷Ϲ¤×÷
(Èç¹ûÄúûÓÐÉè ¶¨ DHCP ËÅ·þÆ÷¾Ü¾ø BOOTPÒªÇó).
3.2.1 ²úÉú Kernel
Ê×ÏÈ, µ½ÄúµÄ /usr/src Ŀ¼²¢¼ÓÈëÏÂÁÐÐÞÕýµµ, ʹÓÃÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî
patch -p0 < ÐÞÕýµµµÄÃû³Æ:
· patch-2.0.28: ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÕýʽµÄ kernel ¸üÐÂ, ÄúÒ»¶¨Òª¼ÓÈëÕâ¸öÐÞÕýµµ
· patch-config-sound: Ò»¸öÃÀ»¯ÒôЧÉ趨µÄÐÞÕýµµ, À´×Ô Unifix Linux 2.0
· patch-PCSP: Ò»¸ö½Ï´óµÄÐÞÕýµµÓÃÀ´Ê¹ PC µÄÑïÉùÆ÷Ä£ÄâÒôЧ¿¨, À´×Ô Unifix
Linux 2.0
· patch-bootprom: Ò»¸öСµÄÐÞÕýµµÓÃÀ´²úÉúÌرðµÄ kernel image, ʹËü¿ÉÓÉ TCP/IP
Bootprom ¿ª»ú
· patch-filecache: Ò»¸öСµÄÐÞÕýµµÊ¹ kernel ¼ÓÈëһЩÌرð¹¦ÄÜ, Èç Unifix file
cache. À´×Ô Unifix Linux 2.0
· patch-penguinlogo: Ò»¸öСµÄÐÞÕýµµ°ïÖúÄúµÄʹÓÃÕߵȵ½ Linux ϵͳÍêÈ«ÔØÈë
· patch-2.0.29: ÁíÒ»¸öСµÄÕýʽµÄ kernel ¸üеµ, Èç¹ûÄú²»ÐèÒª×îаæµÄ kernel
Ôò²»ÓüÓÈëËü
· patch-2.0.30: ÓÖÊÇÒ»¸öÕýʽµÄ kernel ¸üеµ, Âú´óµÄ. Ò»Ñù,
Äú²»ÐèÒª¼ÓÈëÕâÏîÐÞÕý (µ«Ëü»á¸ÄÉÆ TCP/IP ͨѶ ж¨). Èç¹ûÔÚÄúµÄ»úÆ÷ÉÏ
ÄúûÓÐ alpha µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂë (ÕâºÜÓпÉÄÜ·¢Éú),
Õâ¸öÐÞÕýµµ½«³öÏÖÁ½´Î±§Ô¹º¬Èëµµ²»´æÔÚµÄѶϢ. ²»Òª½ôÕÅ,
Ö»Òª»Ø´ðÄúÒªÌø¹ýÕâЩȱÉٵĵµ°¸,²»»á·¢ÉúÈκÎÎÊÌâ
½ÓÖøÖ´ÐÐ make mrproper ¼° make xconfig, ²úÉú kernel. ¼ÇסÕ⽫ÊÇ¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔÒÔ
Linux Æô¶¯Ê±, Ψһ½ÓÊÕµ½µÄÈíÌå, ËùÒÔ Ëü±ØÐëÒª°üº¬Æô¶¯Õû¸ö×÷ҵϵͳËùÐèµÄ¶«Î÷.
¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÄ£×鷽ʽ, µ«ÊDz»°üÀ¨Íø·ģ×é. ÒòΪÍø·¹¦ÄÜÒ»¶¨Òª·ÅÔÚ kernel ÖÐ.
¼ò¶øÑÔÖ®, ÄúµÄ kernel ÖÁÉÙÐèÒª ÒÔÏÂÕâЩ
· Ö§Ô®Íø·
· ÔÚÓÐ BOOTP ͨѶж¨ÏÂ,Ö§Ô® NFS-Root
· Ö§Ô® filecache
· Ö§Ô®¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔµÄÓ²ÌåËùÐèµÄÄ£×é
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows 95 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÎÒÃÇµÄ .config µ±×öÆðµã. Èç¹ûÄúÏëÒªÔÚûÓÐ Bootprom µÄ×´¿öϲâÊÔ,
ÇëÈ·¶¨Äú ÒѾÔÚ kernel ÄÚ°üº¬Ó²µú»úµÄÖ§Ô®.
µ±ÄúµÄÑ¡ÔñÍê³Éáá, ÕÕ³£µØÊäÈë make clean; make dep ½ÓÖø make zImage, make mod
ules Óë make modules_install. Õâ»á»¨Ò»µãʱ¼ä... ÏÖÔÚÄú×¼±¸È¥²âÊÔÄúµÄРkernel,
ÏÈÓÃÏÈÓà lilo. °²×°ÄúµÄ kernel (²Î¿¼ lilo Îļþ),²¢ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ÄúµÄµçÄÔ
(ÓÉÓ²µúÆô¶¯). ÈçÓÐÈκδíÎó, ÐÞÕýËüÃDz¢ÔÙÊÔÒ»´Î. Ö´ÐÐ depmod -a ¼ÆËã modules
dependencies. µ±ÍêÈ«ÎÞÎóʱ, Ö´ÐÐ make bpImage ²úÉúÒ»¸ö bootimage ¸ø TCP/IP
Bootprom ʹÓÃ.
3.2.2 °Ñ Root µµ°¸ÏµÍ³ÒƵ½ NFS
ÄúµÄËÅ·þÆ÷ÒªÓÐ×ã¹»µÄ¿Õ¼äÀ´±£´æÄúµÄÕû¸ö Linux µµ°¸ÏµÍ³ (¼¸°Ù Megabytes).
½¨Á¢Ò»¸öРµÄĿ¼¸ø NFS Êä³ö, ¾Í½Ð rootfs, ²¢ÔÚÆäÖн¨Á¢ÁíÒ»¸öÐÂĿ¼¾Í½Ð run
time. ÎÒÃÇʹÓà /export/linux/rootfs/runtime. °ÑËüÊä³ö³ÉÖ»ÓÐÄúµÄ Linux
¿Í»§¶Ë¿É¶Á¿Éд, ²¢¾ßÓÐ root µÄ´æȡȨ ( annon=0). ÀýÈç, ÎÒÃÇµÄ NFS ÊÇÔÚ Solaris
ÏÂÖ´ÐÐ, ÎÒÃÇÓÃÒÔÏÂÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî:
share -F nfs -o rw=pc7971,anon=0 /export/linux/rootfs/runtime.
ÔÚÄúµÄ Linux ¿Í»§¶Ë¹ÒÉÏÕâ¸ö·Ö¸îÇø²¢ÓÃGNU tar °ÑÕû¸ö Linux µµ°¸ÏµÍ³¸´ÖƹýÈ¥
(Ô¤ÉèÊÇ RedHat Linux). ºÜÖØÒªµÄÊǵ±ÄúʹÓà GNU tar Ö¸Áî,ÒòΪËùÓÐµÄ tar
Ö¸Áî¿ÉÄÜÎÞ·¨ÕýÈ·µØ´¦Àí block device µÄ special nodes . È»áá±à¼µµ°¸
/export/linux/rootfs/runtime/etc/fstab ²¢±ä¸ü¸ùĿ¼µÄ É趨,ʹ¸ùĿ¼·ûºÏÒÔ nfs
mount È¡´ú×Ô¼ºµÄÓ²µú»ú. Ä㻹ҪÒÆÈ¥ (»òÕß ÖÁÉÙÒª±ä¸üÃû³Æ)
/export/linux/rootfs/runtime/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
ÒòΪÍø·װÖý«ÓÉ NFS-root ³õʼ»¯µ«²»Äܱ»³õʼ»¯Á½´Î.
ÏÖÔÚÔÚÄúµÄ /etc/lilo.conf ¸´ÖÆÒ»ÐÐ linux, ÀýÈç:ÒÔ linux-nfs ΪÃû,
²¢¼ÓÈëÒÔϵIJÎÊý:
append="root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=/export/linux/rootfs/runtime nfsaddrs=ÄúµÄ-
ip:ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ-ip:Õ¢µÀÆ÷µÄ-ip:Íø·ÕÚ ÕÖ:»úÆ÷Ãû³Æ"
(ÄúµÄ-ip ÊÇÄúµÄ Linux ¿Í»§¶ËµÄ IP λַ,ÊÇÒÔÊ®½øλÓеãµÄ·½·¨±íʾ, ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ-ip ÊÇ
NFS ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ IP λַ, Õ¢µÀÆ÷µÄ-ip ÊÇ Linux ¿Í»§¶ËµÄÔ¤ÉèÕ¢µÀÆ÷, Íø·ÕÚÕÖ ÊÇ
Linux ¿Í»§¶ËµÄ Íø·ÕÚÕÖ ¶ø »úÆ÷Ãû³Æ ÊÇLinux ¿Í»§¶ËµÄÖ÷»úÃû³Æ). ÔÙÖ´ÐÐÒ»±é lilo
, ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ÄúµÄµçÄÔ (ÈÔÈ»ÊÇÓÉÓ²µú»ú), ²¢Ñ¡Ôñ linux-nfs ¿ª»úÉ趨.
ÄúµÄµçÄÔ½«ÈçÏÈÇ°Ò»°ãÆô¶¯, ¼´Ê¹ÓÐÒ»µãÂý. Èç¹ûÔÚÕâÀïÓÐijЩ¶«Î÷²»ÄÜÕý³£¹¤×÷,
ÄúÖ»ÒªÖØпª»úÓÃÄúÔÀ´ localµÄ linux ¿ª»úÉ趨²¢ÊÔ ÖøÐÞÕýËü. ´ó²¿·ÝµÄ×´¿öÊÇ,
ÄúµÄ NFS root É趨´íÎó. Èç¹ûÓÐÈκζ«Î÷Äú²»Á˽â, ¿´Ò»Ï /usr/src/linux/Documen
tation ÕâЩµµ°¸... Äú»òÐí¿ÉÒÔ¿´¿´ NFS-Root-Mini-Howto.
Äú¿ÉÒÔÔÙÊÔÒ»´Î,Õâ´ÎÖ»Óà append="root=/dev/nfs" ÒÔÈ·¶¨ Linux kernel ¿ÉÒÔ͸¹ý
DHCP/BOOTPÒªÇó¶ø»ñµÃÄúËùÉ趨µÄ IP ²ÎÊý. Èç¹û ÒªÕâÑù×ö, Äú±ØÐëÔÚÄúµÄ DHCP
É趨µµÖмÓÈëÒÔÏ ÕâЩѡÏî (µ±È»ÊÇÒªÉ趨Äú×Ô¼ºµÄÍø·×é̬), ¼ÓÉÏÄúµÄ»úÆ÷µÄÓ²Ìå¼°
IP λַ:
option subnet-mask 255.255.252.0;
option routers 129.194.68.1;
option root-path "/export/linux/rootfs";
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows105 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Èç¹ûÄúµÄ Linux kernel ÐëÒªÔÙ¼ÓÈëÆäËüÖ¸Áî²ÎÊý, Äú¿ÉÒÔÓà option option-177
À´¼ÓÈë.
ÏÂÒ»²½ÒªÊ¹ÎÒÃǵÄϵͳÔÚ Î¨¶ÁµÄ NFS µµ°¸ÏµÍ³Ï¿ÉÒÔ¹¤×÷.
3.2.3 ²úÉúΨ¶ÁµÄ NFS Root µµ°¸ÏµÍ³
¼ÈÈ»ÎÒÃÇÒªÎÒÃÇµÄ root µµ°¸ÏµÍ³ÔÚ´ó²¿·ÝµÄ Linux ¿Í»§¶ËÒÔΨ¶ÁµÄ·½Ê½¹ÒÉÏ,
ÄǾÍҪʹµµ °¸ÏµÍ³ÓÐЩ΢µÄ²»Í¬, Òò´ËÎÒÃǽ«ÐèҪдÈëȨÏ޵ĵط½ÒÔ ramdisk »ò file
cache È¡´ú. ÎÒÃÇ°Ñ Õâ¸öµµ°¸ÏµÍ³½¨Á¢ÔÚ /export/linux/rootfs Ŀ¼ÏÂ,
¶ø±ê×¼µÄ°æ±¾ÔòÖ±½Ó·Åµ½ /runtime/ ÏÂ. µÇÈëÄú µÄ NFS ËÅ·þÆ÷²¢ÔÚ
/export/linux/rootfsĿ¼ÏÂ,½¨Á¢ÒÔϵÄĿ¼¸úÁ¬½á:
· bin -> cache/bin
· dev -> ramdisk/dev
· etc -> ramdisk/etc
· lib -> cache/lib
· root -> ramdisk/root
· sbin -> cache/sbin
· tmp -> ramdisk/tmp
· usr -> cache/usr
· var -> ramdisk/var
· cache/
· bin -> /runtime/bin
· lib -> /runtime/lib
· sbin -> /runtime/sbin
· usr -> /runtime/usr
· mnt/
· cdrom/
· floppy/
· tmp/
· proc/
· ramdisk/
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows115 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
· dev -> /runtime/dev
· etc -> /runtime/etc
· root -> /runtime/root
· tmp -> /runtime/tmp
· var -> /runtime/var
¾ÍÈçÄúËù¼ûµÄ, Ëü¿´ÆðÀ´ÏñÕý³£µÄ root filesystem, ³ýÁËÉÙ²¿·Ý¼¸¸öÊÇÖØÐÂÖ¸µ½
/ramdisk, ÓРЩÔòÖØÐÂÖ¸µ½ cache Ŀ¼. µ±ÓÃΨ¶ÁµÄ NFS filesystem ¿ª»ú,
ÎÒÃǽ«¹ÒÉÏÒ»¸öÒѳõʼ»¯¹ýµÄ ramdisk ·ÅÔÚ /ramdisk ÏÂ. ͬÑù¡õ
×Ô¼ºÓ²µúµÄ·Ö¸îÇø½«±»¹ÒÔÚ /cache ¸ø NFS ¿ìȡʹÓÃ. ´ÖÂÔµÄ
˵,Õâ¸öµµ°¸¿ìÈ¡µÄÔÀíÊǵ±the principle of the filecache is that whenever a sym
bolic link from the cache subdirectory is followed, it is replaced by its tar
get. Èç¹ûÄ¿±ê×Ô¼ºÊÇÒ»¸ö×ÓĿ¼, Ôòÿһ¸ö
×ÓĿ¼»áת»»³ÉÒ»¸ö·ûºÅÁ¬½á²¢Á¬½áµ½Íⲿµµ°¸ÏµÍ³µÄÔʼλÖÃ. ×¢Òâµµ°¸¿ìȡʹÓþø
¶Ô·ûºÅÁ¬½áÊDZØÐëµÄ, ¼´Ê¹ËüÃÇÔÚ NFS ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏÊÇÎÞÒâÒåµÄ. Èç¹ûÄú²»Ï²»¶ÕâÑù, ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ
ÄúµÄ NFS ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ,½¨Á¢Ò»¸ö·ûºÅÁ¬½áÓÉ /runtime µ½ /export/linux/rootfs/runtime .
ÔÚΨ¶ÁµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë¼ÓÈëһЩÉ趨µÄ¶«Î÷ÊDZØÐëµÄ, Èç´Ë²Å¿ÉÒÔ¹ÒÉÏ ramdisk,
¼°É趨µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡ ºÍÕì²âÓ²ÌåÒÔ±ä¸üÉ趨µµ. ÕâЩ¶¼ÓÉÈý¸ö³ÌÐòµµºÍÒ»¸ö×é̬µµÀ´Íê³É,
Äú¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËü¸´ÖƵ½ ÄúµÄNFS ËÅ·þÆ÷:
· runtime/etc/rc.d/rc.ramdisk, ¿ÉÒÔ¿ìËÙÉ趨²¢¹ÒÉÏ ramdisk:
#!/bin/sh
#
# É趨һ¸ö ramdisk ÒòΪ root ͸¹ý NFS ÒÔΨ¶Á·½Ê½¹ÒÉÏ
#
modprobe rd
gzip -c -d /runtime/lib/ramdisk.gz | dd of=/dev/ram bs=1k > /dev/null 2>&1
mount -n -t ext2 /dev/ram /ramdisk
· runtime/etc/rc.d/rc.sysdetect, ÕâÊÇËùÓеĻúÆ÷¸÷×Ô¶ÀÁ¢µÄÉ趨µµ,
°üÀ¨Õì²â¼°·ÖÅä ÇøÓòÓ²µú»úµÄ·Ö¸îÇø ¸øµµ°¸¿ìȡʹÓÃ.
ΪÁË¿Õ¼äµÄÀíÓÉÎÒÃDz»ÔÚ´Ë·ÝÎļþ¿ÉÁÐÓ¡µÄ°æ±¾Öаüº¬´Ëµµ, µ«Äú¿ÉÒÔÔÚ³¬ÎÄ
¼þµÄ°æ±¾ÕÒµ½Ëü;
· runtime/etc/rc.d/init.d/filecache.init ÕâÊÇÓÃÀ´Æô¶¯µµ°¸ÏµÍ³µÄ:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows125 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
#!/bin/sh
#
# filecache: µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡: Æô¶¯µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡ (¸ø NFS root ÓÃ)
#
# À´Ô´¹¦Äܺ¯Êý¿â.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# ¿´¿´ÎÒÃÇÈçºÎºô½Ð¹¦Äܺ¯Êý.
case "$1" in
start)
if [ -e /cache -a -r /etc/filecache.conf ]; then
echo -n "Starting NFS filecache: "
# °Ñ var Óë tmp ÒƵ½ÇøÓòÐÔµÄÓ²µú»ú
rm -rf /cache/var /cache/tmp
(cd /ramdisk; tar cf - var tmp) | (cd /cache; tar xf -)
(cd /ramdisk; rm -rf var tmp;ln -s /cache/var;ln -s /cache/tmp
)
chmod 777 /cache/tmp
# Æô¶¯µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡
daemon filecache -d on
echo ""
touch /var/lock/subsys/filecache
fi
;;
stop)
filecache off
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/filecache
;;
*)
echo "*** Usage: filecache.init {start|stop}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
· runtime/etc/filecache.conf, µµ°¸¿ìÈ¡µÄÉ趨µµ
Max 100 MB 50 % #
Cache /runtime /cache
Ç°Á½¸öµµ°¸Ó¦¸Ã·ÅÔÚÇ°Á½¸öµµ°¸Ó¦¸Ã·ÅÔÚ runtime/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit,
µµ°¸ÄÚ×îÇ°ÃæµÄλÖÃ, ÈçÏÂËùʾ:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows135 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
# É趨ËùÐèµÄ ramdisk (¸ø root NFS Ψ¶ÁµÄ»úÆ÷)
if [ -e /ramdisk -a -r /etc/rc.d/rc.ramdisk ]; then
/etc/rc.d/rc.ramdisk
fi
# É趨ӲÌå¸÷×Ô¶ÀÁ¢µÄ²ÎÊý (¸øÿ¸ö root NFSʹÓÃ)
if [ -r /etc/rc.d/rc.sysdetect ]; then
/etc/rc.d/rc.sysdetect
fi
¶øµÚÈý¸öÓ¦¸Ã be bound as usual to the System V init directories: we use links
named S35filecache in the rc3.d and rc5.d directories, and K80filecache in the
rc0.d, rc1.d, rc2.d and rc6.d directories.
¼ì²éһϠrc.sysdetect Õâ¸öµµ°¸, ²¢Ê¹ËüÓëÄúµÄÓ²ÌåÉ豸ÅäºÏ. ÌرðҪעÒâµÄÊÇ,
Èç¹ûÄú¸úÎÒÃÇÒ»ÑùûÓРʹÓÃÏàͬµÄÏÔʾ¿¨¼°Ó©Ä» (ÕâºÜ¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúµÄ :-), ¿´¿´ËüÃÇÔÚ
/proc/pci µÄ»ØÓ¦²¢ÒÀ´ËÐÞ¸ÄÐðÊöµµ. ÔÚÿ̨ »úÆ÷ËùʹÓõĴæ·ÅλÖÃÏÂ, Æä rc.sysde
tect Ö®ÖÐÓÐÒ»¶ÎÄÚÈÝΪ, ¿É×Ô¶©µÄÉ趨µµ (ÀýÈç printcap), aΪÁËÄÜÿ ̨¶ÀÁ¢¹¤×÷,
ÄúÐèÒªì¶ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ dhcpd.conf µµ°¸ÖÐ, ÓÃÌرðµÄ±ê¼Ç option-132
É趨ÿ̨»úÆ÷ËùʹÓõÄλ ÖÃ. ÔÚÄú¼ÌÐø°²×°Ö®Ç°, ÄúÖÁÉÙÒªÏȽ¨Á¢»ù±¾µÄ¼¸¸öµµ°¸run
time/etc/fstab.ref ºÍ runtime/etc/hosts.ref , ÕâЩ½«ÓÉ rc.sysdetect
ÐðÊöµµÔÚÆô¶¯Ê±Í¸¹ýÕì²âÉ趨À´Íê³É, ΪÁ˶¯Ì¬µÄÉ趨 X servver, ʹÓà RedHat
ÈíÌåÌ×¼þ, ÓÐÒ»¼þÊÂÄú±ØÐëÏȱä¸üµÄ: ÔÚ /usr/X11R6/bin ¼° /usr/X11R6/lib/X11
Ŀ¼ÏÂ, ÓÐһЩÏà¹ØµÄ Á¬½áÉ趨µµ¼°Ä¿Â¼Ó¦¸Ã¸Ä³É¾ø¶ÔÁ¬½á. ±ðÍüÁËÒÔááµÄ X server
¸üа²×°Ò²ÒªÈç·¨ÅÝÖÆ.
°Ñ filecache °²×°ÔÚ runtime/bin Ŀ¼ÏÂ, ²¢°ÑËüµÄʹÓÃ˵Ã÷ man page °²×°ÔÚ run
time/usr/man/man8 Ŀ¼ÏÂ. °Ñ bootptag »ò dhcptag °²×° ÔÚ runtime/usr/local/bin
Ŀ¼ÏÂ, ²¢ÇÒ bootptag.c (»ò dhcptag.c) ±ØÐë·ÅÔÚ runtime/usr/local/src Ŀ¼ÏÂ:
ËüÊÇÒ»¸ö·¢ËÍ BOOTP/DHCP ÒªÇó, ²¢ÒÔÏàÈÝì¶ shell µÄ±ê×¼Êä³ö¸ñʽ»ØÓ¦ BOOTP/DHCP
ÄÚÈݵÄС³Ìʽ, ¾ÍÈçϵġõÀýËùʾ:
bootp_your_ip='129.194.71.32'
bootp_server_ip='129.194.77.31'
bootp_filename='XXXclean'
bootp_subnet_mask='255.255.252.0'
bootp_routers='129.194.68.1'
bootp_domain_name_servers='129.194.69.200 129.194.8.7 129.194.4.32'
bootp_host_name='pc7132'
bootp_domain_name='unige.ch'
bootp_root_path='/export/linux/rootfs'
bootp_broadcast_address='129.194.71.255'
bootp_nis_domain='cuisunnet.unige.ch'
bootp_nis_servers='129.194.69.200'
bootp_option_132='dufour'
±ê¼ÇµÄÃû³ÆÓë RFC 2132 ºÜÏàËÆ. Èç¹ûÄúʹÓà dhcptag, Äú½«µÃµ½Ò»Ð©ÒÔ dhcp_
¿ªÍ·µÄ±ê¼Ç, ÕâЩÊÇ DHCP-¹æ¸ñµÄÑ¡ÏîÄÚÈÝ; ΪÁ˹˼°ÏàÈÝÐÔ, ÆäËüµÄ×ÊѶÈÔÈ»ÒÔ bootp_
Ϊ×ÖÊ×. ÎÒÃÇʹÓÃÕâ¸ö³Ìʽ×Ô¶¯Éè ¶¨ rc.sysdetect. ×îáá, ÔÚ runtime/lib °²×°
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows145 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
makeramdisk script . ÎÒÃǽ«ÓÃËü×Ô¶¯²úÉú ramdisk Ó°Ïñµµ. ÕâЩÈíÌå
¶¼ÔÚ³¬ÎļþµÄ°æ±¾ÖÐ.
ÏÖÔÚÊÔÖøÓÉ¿Í»§¶ËÒÔ read-write NFS ¿ª»ú (ÈÔÈ»ÓÃÓ²µú¿ª»ú).
Ëü½«Õì²âÄú¿Í»§¶ËµÄ¸ö±ð×é̬, ²¢ ²úÉúÊʵ±µÄµµ¡õ ¼ì²é /etc/fstab, /etc/hosts,
/etc/sysconfig/network ÊÇ·ñÉ趨ÕýÈ·. Èç¹ûÄú¿´µ½µÄ²»ÊÇÕâÑù, ÇëÔÚ
µ¥È˹¤×÷ģʽÏÂÖØÊÔÒ»±é, ²¢ÕÒ³öÄúÔÚ rc.sysdetect ÐðÊöµµÖÐËù·¸µÄ´íÎó.
µÈµ½Ëü¿ÉÒÔÕý³£¹¤×÷, µ½ /lib Ŀ¼ÏÂÖ´ÐÐ ./makeramdisk. ½«»á»¨¼¸ÃëÖÓ, À´²úÉúÒ»¸ö
ramdisk Ó°Ïñµµ¸øΨ ¶ÁµÄ NFS ¿Í»§¶Ë. °Ñ²úÉú³öÀ´µÃ ramdisk image ·ÅÔÚÕâ
/lib/ramdisk.gz, ¾ÍÕâÑùÄúµÄ×é̬¾ÍÐ÷ÁË!
3.2.4 ÓÉ Bootprom ¿ª»ú
Èç¹ûÄú»¹Î´Íê³ÉËü, Çë°²×°ÄúµÄ TCP/IP Bootprom-ÏàÈÝµÄ kernel Ó°Ïñµµ (¿ÉÔÚÕâÕÒµ½
/usr/src/linux/arch/i386/boot/bpImage) ¼´ÄúËÅ·þÆ÷É쵀 /tftpboot/linux.PX .
rc.sysdetect Õâ¸öÐðÊöµµÓÃÀ´³õʼ»¯ÄúµÄ Linux swap ¼° Linux ×ÊÁÏ·Ö¸îÇø.
ÒòΪҪÆô¶¯Ëü, ¹Ê±à¼ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ XXXclean.tab Õâ¸öµµ°¸²¢¸Ä±ä·Ö¸îÇø µÄÐÍ̬ÓÉ hex 82
¸ÄΪ hex 28, ¼° hex 83 ¸ÄΪ hex 38. ÕâÊÇÒ»ÖÖδ֪µÄ·Ö¸îÇøÐÍ̬,
µ«ÊÇ°²×°³ÌÐòµµÄÜ°ÑËüµ±³ÉÔ¤±¸·Ö¸îÇøÀ´±æ ʶ. ÔÚ DHCP µÄÉ趨µµÖÐ, °Ñ¿ª»úµµÉ趨Ϊ
XXXclean , ʹËüÄÜÖØР½¨Á¢·Ö¸î±í. ±ðÍüÁËÔÚÐÞ¸ÄÍêÉ趨µµááÒªÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ DHCP daemon.
×îáá, unexport ¿É¶ÁдµÄ runtime Ŀ¼, ²¢ export Ψ¶ÁµÄ /export/linux/rootfs
Ŀ¼. ÖØÐÂÆô¶¯¿Í»§¶Ë, ÕâÒ»´Îʹ Óÿª»úʹÓà Linux Ñ¡µ¥µÄÑ¡Ïî. ÄúµÄϵͳÏÖÔÚÒÑÊÇ
remote-boot Linux.
3.2.5 ϵͳά»¤Óë¸üÐÂ
Èç¹ûÄúÒÔááÏë¸üÐÂÈíÌå,°²×°Ò»Ð©´íÎóÐÞÕýµµ»ò°²È«ÐÔÐÞÕýµµ, Çë°´ÕÕÏÂÁв½Öè:
· Unexport rootfs Ŀ¼
· Export runtime Ŀ¼Ϊ¿É¶Á¿Éд¸øÄúµÃ¿Í»§¶Ë
· É趨Äú¿Í»§¶ËµÄ nfsroot Ŀ¼Ϊ runtime (ÔÚ /etc/bootptab ÖÐÉ趨)
· Æô¶¯ÄúµÃ Linux ¿Í»§¶Ë, ²¢°²×°ÄúÏë°²×°µÄ¶«¶«. ²»ÒªÅÂʹÓà rpm,
Ëü¿ÉÒÔ×öµÃºÜºÃ (ֻҪСÐĵ±
Äú°²×°ÈκÎÈíÌåÌ×¼þʱ,ҪעÒâһЩÄú×ö¹ýµÄÐÞÕý¿ÉÄÜÓÐЩҪ×÷ÐÞ¸Ä).
· µ±ÄúÍê³ÉááÖØл»³ÉÕý³£µÄ export
ÕâÊÇÖ¸, Äú±ØÐëÔÚ local °²×°µÄ״̬ÏÂ, ²ÅÄܸüÐÂÄúµÄ server-based É趨µÄÈíÌå.
3.3 É趨 DOS 6 ¼° Windows 3.1
ÔÚÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔ, ʹÓÃÄúϲ»¶µÄ dos Èíµú¿ª»ú (¼ÇµÃ¿ª»úʱ, °´¿Õ°×¼üÈ¡Ïû BootPROM
¿ª»ú). ¸ñʽ »¯ÄúÓ²µúÖÐµÄ dos ·Ö¸îÇø²¢¼ÓÉÏ /S ²ÎÊý, ʹËü·ÅÈë×÷ҵϵͳ.
½¨Á¢Ò»¸öÃûΪ DOS µÄ×ÓĿ¼, °Ñ DOS ¿½ ±´½øÈ¥. °²×°ÄãËùϲ»¶µÄÍø·¿Í»§¶Ë³Ìʽ (ÀýÈç
Microsoft LanManager), Windows 3.1, µÈµÈ. ʹÓà DHCP ͨѶж¨É趨 IP ×é̬.
Äú±ØÐë»Ö¸´Ô±¾±» BootPROM ËùʹÓõôµÄ¼ÇÒäÌå¿Õ¼ä (µ± DOS
Æô¶¯ááÕâЩ¼ÇÒäÌå²»ÔÙÐèÒªÓõ½À²) ¼ÓÈëÏÂÃæÕâÒ»Ðе½Äú config.sys ÄڵĵÚÒ»ÐÐ:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows155 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
device=\util\bputil.sys -r
(bputil ÊÇÒ»¸ö TCP/IP BootPROM ¹¤¾ß´ÅƬÖеijÌʽ). ²»ÓÃÅÂʹÓà EMM386
×î¼Ñ»¯ÄúËùʹÓõļÇÒäÌå, Äú¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÍø·¿¨ ROM ËùÕ¼µÄÇøÓòÄÉÈë¹ÜÀí,
ÒòΪËüÔÚÕâʱÒѾÓò»µ½ÁË. µ«Òª¼ÇµÃ°ÑÍø·¿¨ËùʹÓà µÄ RAM Çø¿é²»ÄÉÈë¹ÜÀí,
·ñÔòÄú½«ÎÞ·¨Á¬½Óµ½ÄúµÄËÅ·þÆ÷.
Èç¹ûÄú²»ÈÃÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë»úÆ÷ʹÓÃÎÞЧµÄµÇÈëÃû³Æ, °ÑÎÒÃÇµÄ nobreak.sys pseudo-device
Çý¶¯³Ìʽ·ÅÔÚÄú config.sys µÄ¿ªÍ·´¦²¢°ÑÒÔÏÂÕâЩ¶«Î÷·Åµ½ÄúµÄ autoexec.bat:
rem -- ÎÒÃÇʹÓà c:\logged Ϊһ¸öÆìºÅ
del c:\logged >nul
:loginneeded
cls
echo Please type in your login name and password
echo.
net logon *
rem -- the login script ÒѾ½¨Á¢ºÃ c:\logged
if not exist c:\logged goto loginneeded
del c:\logged
rem -- ʹ break ¹¦ÄÜÉúЧ
echo Yes >NOBRK
ÖØпª»ú²¢ÔÚ¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥ÖÐÑ¡Ôñ Boot from local hard-disk Ñ¡Ïî, È·¶¨¿ÉÒÔ¿ª»ú.
3.3.1 °Ñ×é̬É趨ÒƵ½ËÅ·þÆ÷
»Øµ½ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ, ½¨Á¢Ò»¸ö·ÖÏíÃû³ÆΪ admin , ÓÃÀ´·ÅһЩϵͳ¹ÜÀíÕßÓõĶ«¶«.
Èç¹ûËÅ·þÆ÷ÊÇÅÜ Unix, ½¨ÒéÄú°Ñ /tftpboot ×ÓĿ¼Óà softlink ·ÅÒ»·Ýµ½ admin ,
ÕâÑùÄú¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÓÉ¿Í»§¶Ë´«»Ø¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ. ÔÚ admin Ä¿ ¼ÄÚ, ½¨Ò»¸ö /utils
×ÓĿ¼²¢·ÅÈëÈçÏµĹ¤¾ß:
· mrzip.exe, Ò»¸öÓÃÀ´Ñ¹ËõÄú¿Í»§¶ËÓ²µúÓ°ÏñµµµÄ³Ìʽ.
· mrunzip.exe, Ò»¸öÓÃÀ´»Ø´æÄúÓ²µúÓ°Ïñµµµ½ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ³Ìʽ.
ÄúÒ²ÐèÒª°ÑһЩÓÃÀ´ÇåÀíÓ²µú¼°²úÉúѹËõÓ°ÏñµÄÅú´Îµµ·Åµ½ÏàͬµÄĿ¼ÏÂ,ÕâЩÅú´ÎµµÈçÏÂ:
@echo off
if "%1"=="" goto error
echo >c:\lanman.dos\lmuser.ini
l:\utils\mrzip l:\tftpboot\%1
goto end
:error
echo Usage: MAKEIMG {image-name-without-extension}
:end
ÏÖÔڻص½ÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë, ÒÔϽ«ÒÔ admin mount Ϊ´Åµú»ú L:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows165 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Ϊ¡õÀý×÷˵Ã÷½ÓÖøÖ´ÐÐÄú½¨Á¢µÄÅú´Îµµ, Èç ¹ûÄú»¹Ã»×öÄÇ¿ÉÒÔ°´ÏÂÁеÄÖ¸ÁîÖ´ÐÐ
(²»Ò»¶¨ÒªÓþø¶Ô·¾¶ )
L:\util\mrzip L:\tftpboot\win31
Ò»·ÖÖÓ¹ýáá, ÄúËÅ·þÆ÷É쵀 /tftpboot ×ÓĿ¼Ï½«ÓÐÁ½¸öеµ°¸, Ãû³ÆΪ win31.imz,
ÊÇÄúÓ²µúÄÚÈݵÄѹËõ Ó°Ïìµµwin31.chk, ÕâÊÇÏà¹ØµÄ¼ì²éµµ (ÊÇ partition boot record
ϸ²¿ÐÞ¸ÄááµÄ¿½±´). ÔÚÕâÕæÕýµÄĿ¼ÄÚ, Ö» Òª½¨Á¢Ò»¸ö bpunzip µÄ symbolic link
(»òÕâÓÿ½±´µÄ) ÇÒÃüÃûΪ win31.P.
ÄúµÄÓ²µúΪÖ÷µÄÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»úÉ趨ÏÖÔÚÒ»ÇоÍÐ÷À².
3.3.2 ²âÊÔÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»ú¿Í»§¶Ë
ÏÖÔÚÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë²¢ÔÚ¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥ÖÐÑ¡ DOS and Windows 3.1 µÄÑ¡Ïî. bpunzip
Õâ³Ìʽ½«´«¸øÄúÒ» ЩËü²úÉúÓ°ÏñµÄ±í¸ñѶϢ, ²¢×ÔÍø·ÏÂÔØÕû¸ö¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ
(ÒòÕâÊǵÚÒ»´ÎËü¿´µ½Õâ¸ö¿ª»úÓ°Ïñµµ). Õâ ½«»á»¨µôÒ»·ÖÖÓ×óÓÒ.
½ÓÖøËü»á½âѹËõÕâ¸öÓ°Ïñµ½ DOS ·Ö¸îÇø, ²¢ÓÉËû¿ª»ú. Õâ¾ÍÊÇÄãÒªµÄ,
ÄúµÄÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»ú¿Í»§¶ËÍê³ÉÀ² !
ÏÂÒ»´ÎÄúÖØпª»ú, ËüÖ»»á½âѹËùÕâ¸öÓ°Ïñµµ, ´ó¸ÅÔÚ 30 ÃëÄÚÍê³É.
3.3.3 ת»»É趨µµ¸øÆäËû»úÆ÷
Èç¹ûÄúҪΪÿ̨»úÆ÷ÐÞÕýһЩÉ趨 (ÀýÈçÔ¤ÉèÓ¡±í»ú), »òÕßÈç¹ûÄúÐèÒª±ä¸üһЩ²»ÄÜ͸
¹ý DHCP ͨѶж¨Ð޸ĵÄÍø·É趨, Äú¿ÉÒÔʹÓà unzipreg.exe ³ÌʽÀ´´¦Àí,
Ëü±ØÐë·Åµ½¿Í»§¶ËµÄ autoexec.bat (Ôʼ³ÌʽÂëÔÚÕâ). Õâ³Ìʽ½«¶ÁÈ¡Ò»¸öÓÉ bpunzip
²úÉúµÄÌØÊâÒþ²Øµµ°¸, Ãû³ÆΪ BOOTP.ANS, ËüµÄÄÚÈÝÊÇÓÉËÅ·þÆ÷͸¹ý BOOTP/DHCP
ͨѶж¨»Ø´«µÄ. ½ÓÖø, Ëü½«¶ÁÈ¡µÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊýËùÖ¸µÄµµ°¸Ãû ³Æ, ½åÓÉ BOOTP/DHCP
µÄ»ØÓ¦ÄÚÈÝ, ÒÔ UNZIPREG: ±êÇ©Ãû : ÕâÖÖ¸ñʽȡ´úËùÓеÄ×Ö´®, ²¢°Ñ½á¹ûдÈë
µÚ¶þ¸ö²ÎÊýËùÖ¸µÄµµ°¸Ãû³Æ. ÀýÈç, Èç¹ýÄúÓиöµµ°¸ÃûΪ input.bat ÄÚÈÝΪ:
set hostname=UNZIPREG:HOSTNAME:
set domainname=UNZIPREG:DOMAINNAME:
set gateway=UNZIPREG:ROUTER:
set subnetmask=UNZIPREG:SUBNET:
set printer=UNZIPREG:T180:
¶øÄúÖ´ÐÐÁËÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî
unzipreg input.bat output.bat
Äú½«µÃµ½Ò»¸öµµ°¸ÃûΪ output.bat °üº¬ÄÚÈÝ:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows175 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
set hostname=pc7179
set domainname=unige.ch
set gateway=129.194.76.1
set subnetmask=255.255.252.0
set printer=laserwriter1
¼ÙÉèÄúµÄ DHCP É趨µµ¶¨ÒåÕą̂»úÆ÷ÃûΪ pc7179, ÁìÓòÃû³ÆΪ unige.ch, µÈµÈ, ¶ø
option-180 ±ê¼ÇÊÇ laserwriter1.
Ò²¿ÉÒÔ͸¹ýÕâÖÖµÇÈëÐÞ¸Ä Windows ×ÀÃæ. ÎÒÃÇдÁËÒ»¸öС³Ìʽ simple program ÓÃÀ´Ôö¼Ó
PROGMAN.INI µµ°¸, ÔÊÐíΪһ ȺʹÓÃÕßÉ趨ͬÑùµÄ×ÀÃæ.
ÔÚΪÈκÎһ̨¿Í»§¶Ë»úÆ÷É趨áá, ±ðÍüÁËʹÓà mrzip
ÖØн¨Á¢´ÅµúÓ°ÏñµµÒÔά³ÖÄúµÄËùÓбä¸ü.
3.4 É趨 Windows 95
ÔÚ´Ë·ÝÎļþÏÈÇ°µÄ°æ±¾, ÎÒÃÇʹÓùý΢Èí¹«Ë¾µÄ Windows 95 server-based installa
tion, µ«ÊÇÓÃÕâ·½·¨Ì« ¹ýÍ´¿àÓÖ²»ÊÇÄÇ÷áµÄÓмÛÖµ:
· Ëü¾ÍÕæµÄÊǷdz£µÄÐéÄâ
· ´ó²¿·ÝµÄÈíÌåÌ×¼þ¶¼²»Ö§Ô®Ëü¶øÇÒÈç¹ûÄúÊÔÖøÈ¥°²×°½á¹ûͨ³£ÊÇʧ°ÜµÄ. °üÀ¨,
Microsoft Internet Explorer, OnNet 32, Novell's Protected-mode client
(Õâ½Ï Microsoft Client for Netware°²È«).
· ÒòΪ΢Èí¹«Ë¾²»Ìṩ Windows 95 ÔÚÕæʵģʽÏ嵀 TCP/IP
ÏàÈݵÄÇý¶¯³ÌʽËùÒÔÄúÎÞ·¨Ê¹Óà Microsoft Network client over TCP/IP
ÕâÒ²¾ÍÒâζÖøÄú²»ÄÜʹÓà Samba
· ÒòΪµ±¿Í»§¶ËÒ»Æô¶¯¾Í»áËøסһЩ¶¯Ì¬Á¬½áµµÔì³ÉÐí¶à³Ìʽ¼¸ºõÎÞ·¨¸üÐÂ,
Èç¹ûÄúÊÔÖøÈ¥¸üРËüÔò»á³öÏÖÎ¥±³·ÖÏí(sharing violations)µÄ´íÎó.
Òò´Ë¼¸¸öÔÂÇ°ÎÒÃÇ·ÅÆúÕâ·Ý´íÎó°Ù³öµÄ×ÊÁÏ (ÄúÈÔÈ»¿ÉÔÚÕâÕÒµ½ http://cui
www.unige.ch/info/pc/remote-boot/win95old/win95old.html) È»áá»»µ½ÎÒÃÇÕâ¸öеÄ
disk-based Ô¶¶Ë Æô¶¯µÄ¸ÅÄî. »ù±¾ÉÏ, ÕâÖÖ Windows 95 °²×°·½·¨¾Í¸ú°²×°
DOSÒ»ÑùÈÝÒ×.
3.4.1 ½¨Á¢Ò»Ì¨¶ÀÁ¢µÄ¿Í»§¶Ë
ÔÚ¿Í»§¶ËÓà DOS ¿ª»ú, Èç¹ûÄúÒѾÉ趨ºÃ DOS/Windows 3.1
ÄǾÍËæ±ãÓÉ¿ª»úÑ¡ÏîÖÐÑ¡Ò»¸ö, »òÕßÓà һ¸öÈíµú¿ª»ú (°´ space ¼ü¿ÉÒÔÌø¹ý BootPROM).
ʹÓõÚÒ»ÖÖ·½·¨µÄÓŵãÊÇÄãÒѾÓÐһ̨¿ÉʹÓÃÍø· µÄ¿Í»§¶Ë, ²¢ÇÒÖ»ÐèÒª°Ñ Windows 95
µÄ°²×°´ÅƬ·Åµ½ÄúµÄËÅ·þÆ÷ÉϵÄij¸öµØ·½.
Èç¹ûÄúÓÉÈíµú¿ª»ú, ÄúµÄµÚÒ»²½ÊÇ°²×°×÷ҵϵͳ, ·½·¨ÊǸñʽ»¯ÄúÓ²µú»úµÄ DOS
·Ö¸îÇø²¢Óà /S µÄÑ¡ Ïî. Èç¹ûÄúʹÓà DOS/Windows 3.1 µÄ×é̬,
ÄÇ÷áÊ×ÏÈÄúÒªÇå³ýһЩÄú°²×° Windows 95 ʱ²»ÐèÒªµÄµµ
°¸ÒÔ¼°Ò»Ð©ÔÚÄú×îááµÄ¿ª»úÓ°ÏñÖв»ÐèÒªµÄµµ°¸ (ÀýÈç, WINDOWS Õâ¸öĿ¼).
¿ªÊ¼°²×° Windows 95, ÕÕÖø²½Öè°ÑËü×°ÔÚ local . °²×°×îáá,
³Ìʽ»áÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔ, ×öһЩ É趨²¢ÔÙÖØÐÂÆô¶¯Ò»´Î. Õ⼸´ÎµÄÖØпª»ú,
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows185 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Äú±ØÐëÔÙÄúµÄ¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥Ñ¡Ôñ Boot from local hard-disk Ñ¡ Ïî.
µÈµ½ÄúÉ趨ºÃÄúËùÐèÒªµÄÇý¶¯³Ìʽáá, Äú¿ÉÒÔÖ´ÐÐ defrag ×öÍêÕûµÄÓ²µúÖØ×é
(°üº¬ÖØ×éδʹÓõà ´Åµú¿Õ¼ä).
Äú»òÐíÒ²ÏëҪʹÓà BootPROM ËùÕ¼µôµÄ¼ÇÒäÌå, Ö»ÒªÔÚ config.sys µÚÒ»ÐмÓÉÏ :
device=\util\bputil.sys -r
(bputil ÊÇ·ÅÔÚ TCP/IP Bootprom ¹¤¾ß´ÅƬÖÐ). ²»Í¬ì¶ DOS, Äú±ÜÐè±ÜÃâÔÚ Windows 95
ÖÐʹÓà EMM386 .
Èç¹ûÄúҪʹÓà Windows 95 OSR2 (»ò½Ð MSWIN 4.1, »òÕß Windows 95 service pack 1,
»òÕß Windows 95 with Internet Explorer), ÄúÒªÔÚ MSDOS.SYS ÖÐµÄ [Options]
¶Î¼ÓÒ»ÐÐ (û´íËüÊÇÎÄ×Öµµ):
AUTOSCAN=0
ÕâÑù¿ÉÒÔʹ Windows ÖªµÀÄú¿ª»úʱ²»×Ô¶¯Æô¶¯ ScanDisk .
µ±ËùÓеÄÈíÌ嶼·ÅÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷ʱ, Èç¹ûÄúÒª¼õÇáÍø·¼°ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ¸ºµ£
(Õ⽫Ôö½øÄúµÄϵͳЧÂÊ) , Äú¿É ÒÔ¿¼ÂÇ°²×°ÕâÌ×Ï൱²»´íµÄ Shared LAN Cache,ÓÉ Mea
surement Techniques, Inc Éú²úµÄ (²Î¿¼ http://www.lancache.com).
ÕâÌ×ÈíÌåÔÚÿ̨¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔÖ´ÐÐ, Ëü»á¶ÔËùÓдÓÍø·ÉÏÈ¡µÃµÄ×ÊÁÏ·ÅÔÚÇø
ÓòÐÔµÄÓ²µúÖпìÈ¡. ¼´Ê¹Ïñ MS-Office ÔÚÄúµÚ¶þ´ÎÖ´ÐÐʱҲ»á¸ü¿ì...
ÄúµÄÿ̨¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔ¶¼ÒªÓÐÒ» ·Ý°æȨ, ²»ÊÇËü»¹²»ÊǺܹó,
Õâ¼Ò¹«Ë¾¶Ô춴óרԺУÓÐÌػݼ۸ñ. ¸üºÃµÄÊÇÄú¿ÉÒÔµ½ËûÃǵÄÍøÒ³ÏÂÔØ Ãâ·ÑµÄÆÀ¹À°æ.
3.4.2 °ÑÉ趨µµÒƵ½ËÅ·þÆ÷
ËÅ·þÆ÷¶Ë, Èç¹ûÄúÄ¿Ç°»¹Ã»Óн¨Ò»¸öÃûΪ admin µÄĿ¼, ÄǾͽ¨Ò»¸ö.
Õ⽫·ÅһЩϵͳ¹ÜÀíÒªÓõĶ« Î÷. Èç¹ûËÅ·þÆ÷ÊÇ Unix µÄ»úÆ÷, ÏÖÔÚ°Ñ admin Ŀ¼ÓÃ
softlink µ½ /tftpboot ×ÓĿ¼ÏÂ, ÕâÑùÄú¿ÉÒÔÓÉ¿Í»§¶Ë Ö±½Ó°ÑÓ°Ïñµµ·Åµ½Õâ. ÔÚ admin
Ŀ¼ÄÚ, ½¨Á¢Ò»¸ö /utils ×ÓĿ¼²¢°ÑÏÂÁй¤¾ß·Å½øÈ¥:
· mrzip.exe, Ò»¸öÓÃÀ´²úÉúÄú¿Í»§¶ËÓ²µú»úѹËõÓ°ÏñµÄ³Ìʽ.
· mrunzip.exe, Ò»¸öÓÃÀ´°ÑѹËõÓ°Ïñµµ´ÓËÅ·þÆ÷»Ø´æµ½Äú¿Í»§¶ËÓ²µúµÄ³Ìʽ.
ÔÚÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶Ë¿ª¸ö MS-DOS ÊÓ´°, ¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÄúµÄ admin ÓÃÍø·´Åµú»ú¹ÒÔÚ L:
²¢Ö´ÐÐÏÂÁеÄÖ¸Áî (²»Ò» ¶¨ÒªÊ¹Óþø¶Ô·¾¶, ¶à´ò¼¸¸ö×ÖÎÞº¦À² :-)
L:\util\mrzip L:\tftpboot\win95
Õ⽫ÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ /tftpboot ×ÓĿ¼ÏÂ, ²úÉúÁ½¸öеµ°¸, ÃûΪ win95.imz,
Ò»¸öÄú¿Í»§¶ËÓ²µú»úµÄѹËõÓ°Ïñ ¼° win95.chk, ¼ì²éÓõĵµ°¸
(ÆäʵÄÚÈÝÊÇ°Ñ¿ª»ú·Ö¸îÇø×öЩÐíµÄ±ä¶¯). ÕæÕýµÄĿ¼, Ö»Òª½¨¸öÃûΪ win95.P
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows195 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
µÄ·ûºÅÁ¬½áµ½ bpunzip (»òÕß¿½±³Ò»·Ý) .
ÏÖÔÚÄúµÄ Windows 95 Ô¶¶Ë¿ª»ú×é̬¾ÍÍê³ÉÀ².
3.4.3 ²âÊÔÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»ú¿Í»§¶Ë
ÏÖÔÚÖØÐÂÆô¶¯ÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔ²¢´Ó¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥ÖÐÑ¡Ôñ Windows 95 . bpunzip
³Ìʽ½«¸øÄúһЩ¹Øì¶Ëü¸üРӰÏñ±íµÄѶϢ, ²¢ÇÒ´ÓÍø·ÏÂÔØÕû¸ö¿ª»úÓ°Ïñ
(Èç¹ûËüÊǵÚÒ»´Î¿´µ½Õâ¸ö¿ª»úÓ°Ïñ). Õâ´óÔ¼»á»¨µôÁ½·ÖÖÓ.
½ÓÖøËü½«½âѹËõÕâ¸öÓ°Ïñµµµ½ DOS ·Ö¸îÇø, ²¢Æô¶¯Ëü. ¾ÍÕâÑù,
ÄúµÄÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»ú¿Í»§¶Ë¾ÍÐòÀ²! ÏÂÒ»´ÎÄúÖØпª»ú, ËüÖ»»á½â¿ªÕâ¸öÓ°Ïñµµ, ´ó¸Å»á»¨ 40
Ãë.
3.4.4 ת»»ÎªÆäËü·ÖÉíµÄÉ趨
Windows 95 Óë Windows 3.1 ×î´óµÄ²»Í¬ÊǼÓÈëÁ˼´²å¼´ÓõijÌʽÂë,
¼´×Ô¶¯Õì²âÄúµÄÓ²ÌåÉ豸. Ëü±¾ ÉíÎÞÉỵ´¦, µ«ÎÊÌâÊdzöÔÚËüÌ«¹ýÁéÃô,
¶øÇÒÓÐʱáá»á³ö¡õ.
Èç¹ûÄúÊÔÖøÓÃͬÑùµÄ¿ª»úÓ°ÏñÈ¥Æô¶¯Áíһ̨¿Í»§¶Ë»úÆ÷, Äú½«ÔÚÊÕµ½Ò»¶Ñ Windows Õì²â
µ½ÐµÄÓ²Ìå É豸µÄѶϢ: һƬеÄÒôЧ¿¨, Ò»¿ÃеÄÓ²µú»ú, һƬеÄÍø·¿¨,
»òÕßһֻеĻ¬Êó... »áÕâÑùµÄÔ ÒòÓжþ:
· ÕâЩÉ豸¿ÉÄÜʹÓò»Í¬µÄÓ²Ìå×ÊÔ´ (±ÈÈç, »¬Êó²»ÊǽÓÔÚÏàͬµÄÁ¬½Ó²º,
ÒôЧ¿¨²»ÊǽÓÔÚͬÑùµÄ À©³ä²Û - û´í, Õâ»á±»Õì²âµ½)
· ÕâЩÉ豸¿ÉÄÜ֪ͨ Windows 95 ËüÃǵÄÐòºÅ (±ÈÈç, ÿ̨ÅÜ Windows 95 µÄÍø·¿¨,
´Ó×î»ù´¡µÄÒÒ Ì«Íø·λַ¾Íÿ̨¶¼²»Ò»ÑùÁË)
ÊÂʵÉÏ , Èç¹û Windows 95 µÄ¼´²å¼´Óù¦ÄÜ¿ÉÒÔÕý³£¹¤×÷µÄ»°,
×Ô¶¯Õì²â±ä¸üµÄÓ²ÌåÉ豸²¢²»»á³öÎÊ Ìâ, ËùÒÔÈç¹û¼´²å¼´Óù¦ÄÜʧЧʱ, ÎÊÌâ¾ÍÀ´ÁË.
ÀýÈç, Windows 95 ¶ÔÉÏÎÒÃǵÄÂÞ¼¼ PS2 »¬Êóʱ¾Í²» Äܼ´²å¼´ÓÃ,
¸üÔãµÄÊÇ»¬Êó¾ÍÏûʧÁË. Òª½â¾öÕâÀàÎÊÌâ·½·¨¾ÍÊÇ, ¾¡¿ÉÄÜʹȫ²¿µçÄÔÓÐÏàͬµÄÉ豸.
ÄúÎÞ·¨±ÜÃâµÄÎÊÌâÊÇÿ̨µçÄÔµÄÍø·¿¨. ºÜ²»ÐÒµÄ, ¸øÎÒÃÇµÄ SMC EtherEX
ʹÓõļ´²å¼´ÓõijÌʽ Âë»áʹµçÄÔµ±»ú. ΨһµÄ½â·¨ÊÇʹ Windows 95
ÏàÐÅËüÒѾ֪µÀÓÐÕâƬÍø·¿¨, ÇÒ²»Ðè´¥¶¯¼´²å¼´Óà »úÖÆ.
Õâ¸ö¼¼ÇɾÍÊÇ͸¹ý¿ª»ú×Ô¶¯Ö´Ðеµ autoexec.bat ,
×Ô¶¯µÄ°Ñ¹Øì¶ÕâƬÍø·¿¨µÄÉ趨ֵ¼ÓÈë Windows 95 µÄϵͳע²á×ÊѶ. ҪעÒâµÄÊÇʹÓÃ
PCI µÄÍø·¿¨²¢²»ÐèÒªÕâ¸ö¼¼ÇÉ.
µ½ÄúµÄ¿Í»§¶ËµçÄÔ, ±à¼¿ª»ú×Ô¶¯Ö´Ðеµ autoexec.bat ²¢¼ÓÈëÏÂÁм¸ÐÐ:
rem --- ÐÞÕý Windows ϵͳע²á×ÊѶÒÔ±ÜÃâ¼´²å¼´Óù¦ÄÜÕì²â
cls
unzipreg c:\lib\smc.reg c:\temp\smc.reg
regedit /L:c:\win95\system.dat /R:c:\win95\user.dat c:\temp\smc.reg
echo.
del c:\temp\smc.reg
regedit ÊDZê×¼ Windows 95 µÄ³Ìʽ. Èç¹ûÄúÔÚ Windows
95ÏÂÖ´ÐÐËü,Ëü¿ÉÒÔ°ïÄúÁ÷ÀÀÄúµÄϵͳµÇ¼×ÊѶ, »ò ÕßÈç¹ûÄúÔÚ DOS ÏÂÖ´ÐÐËü,
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows205 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Ëü¿ÉÒÔ¶ÔÄúµÄϵͳµÇ¼×ÊѶ×öһЩ¼òµ¥µÄÐÞÕý. unzipreg.exe ÊÇÒ»¸ö×ÔÖƵÄС³Ìʽ,
Äú¿ÉÒÔ·ÅÔÚÄúµÄ·¾¶ÏµÄÈκεط½ (Ôʼ³ÌʽÖÁÔÚ Õâ). Ëü½«¶ÁÈ¡Ò»¸öÓÉ bpunzip
Ëù²úÉúµÄÌرðÒþ²Øµµ°¸, Ãû³ÆÊÇ BOOTP.ANS, Ëü°üº¬À´×ÔËÅ·þÆ÷µÄÔʼ BOOTP/DHCP
»ØÓ¦×ÊѶ. È»áá, Ëü½«¶ÁÈ¡µÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊýµÄµµ°¸(c:\lib\smc.reg), È»ááÒÔ BOOTP/DHCP
»ØÓ¦µÄ×ÊÁÏÈ¡´úµµ°¸ÄÚËùÓÐÒÔ UNZIPREG:tagname: Ϊ¸ñʽµÄÄÚÈÝ,
½ÓÖøдÈëµÚ¶þ¸ö²ÎÊýµÄµµ°¸(c:\temp\smc.reg).
ÔÚ lib ×ÓĿ¼ÏÂ, ÎÒÃÇÓиöÃûΪ smc.reg µÄµµ°¸ÆäÄÚÈÝÈçÏÂ:
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows215 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
REGEDIT4
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Enum\ISAPNP\SMC8416\UNZIPREG:MACID:C0]
"HardwareID"="*SMC8416,ISAPNP\SMC8416"
"HWRevision"="1.0.10"
"DeviceDesc"="SMC EtherEZ (8416)"
"Class"="Net"
"Driver"="Net\\0001"
"CompatibleIDs"="*SMC8416"
"Mfg"="SMC"
"ConfigFlags"=hex:10,00,00,00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Enum\ISAPNP\SMC8416\UNZIPREG:MACID:C0\Bindings]
"MSTCP\\0001"=""
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Enum\ISAPNP\SMC8416\UNZIPREG:MACID:C0\LogConfig]
"0000"=hex:00,04,00,00,00,20,00,00,10,00,00,00,04,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,a8,0e,\
00,00,20,00,00,00,02,00,00,00,01,00,0c,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,e0,ff,20,\
00,40,02,ff,03,00,00,04,03,2c,00,00,00,01,00,00,00,01,00,14,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,e0,ff,ff,00,20,00,00,00,00,0c,00,ff,ff,0f,00,00,\
00,00,00,2c,00,00,00,01,80,00,00,01,00,14,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,e0,ff,ff,00,80,00,00,00,00,0c,00,ff,5f,10,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Enum\ISAPNP\SMC8416\UNZIPREG:MACID:C1]
"HardwareID"="*SMC8416,ISAPNP\SMC8416"
"HWRevision"="1.0.10"
"DeviceDesc"="SMC EtherEZ (8416)"
"Class"="Net"
"Driver"="Net\\0001"
"CompatibleIDs"="*SMC8416"
"Mfg"="SMC"
"ConfigFlags"=hex:10,00,00,00
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Enum\ISAPNP\SMC8416\UNZIPREG:MACID:C1\Bindings]
"MSTCP\\0001"=""
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Enum\ISAPNP\SMC8416\UNZIPREG:MACID:C1\LogConfig]
"0000"=hex:00,04,00,00,00,20,00,00,10,00,00,00,04,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,a8,0e,\
00,00,20,00,00,00,02,00,00,00,01,00,0c,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,e0,ff,20,\
00,40,02,ff,03,00,00,04,03,2c,00,00,00,01,00,00,00,01,00,14,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,e0,ff,ff,00,20,00,00,00,00,0c,00,ff,ff,0f,00,00,\
00,00,00,2c,00,00,00,01,80,00,00,01,00,14,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00,00,00,e0,ff,ff,00,80,00,00,00,00,0c,00,ff,5f,10,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,00,\
00
Õâ¸öµµ°¸Ò»¿ªÊ¼ÓÉ Windows 95 µÄ regedit ²úÉú.
ÎÒÃǰѹØì¶Íø·¿¨µÄÉ趨²¿·ÝÊä³ö³ÉÒ»¸öµµ°¸ (
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Enum/ISAPNP/SMC8416) È»ááÓà UNZIPREG:MACID:
¼ÇºÅÈ¡´úÍø·¿¨µÄÓ²Ìåλַ. µ±ÎÒ ÃÇÔÚÕâµµ°¸ÖÐÖ´ÐÐ unzipreg ,
Ëü»á×Ô¶¯µÄÒÔÍø·¿¨ÕæʵµÄÓ²Ìåλֵַȡ´úÎÒÃÇËùÉ趨µÄ¼ÇºÅ. ×¢ÒâÕâ ÀïÓиöÊý×ÖÔÚ
MACID Ö®ááµÄÓÐʱÊÇ C0 ÓÐʱÊÇ C1. ¼´Ê¹·ÅÒ»¸ö²»´æÔÚµÄÍø·¿¨ÔÚÕâ¸öµÇ¼µµÖв»
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows225 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
»á³ö¡õ, ÎÒÃÇ»¹ÊÇ°ÑÁ½Ï·Å½øÈ¥.
»¹ÒªÒ»´Î¨á, ÕâÕû¸ö¼¼ÇÉ¶Ô PCI Íø·¿¨¶øÑÔ²¢²»ÐèÒª. ˳±ãÒ»ÌáµÄÊÇ,
ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÓÃͬÑùµÄ·½·¨×Ô¶¯µÄ ÅäÖÃÖ÷µçÄÔÃû³Æ, µ± Windows 95 ²»ÄÜ͸¹ý DHCP
È¡µÄÉ趨ʱ. ÎÒÃÇÖ»Ðë¼ÓÈëÏÂÁм¸Ðе½ÎÒÃÇµÄ smc.reg µµ°¸ÖÐ:
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD\VNETSUP]
"ComputerName"="UNZIPREG:HOSTNAME:"
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\VxD\MSTCP]
"HostName"="UNZIPREG:HOSTNAME:"
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\control\ComputerName\ComputerName]
"ComputerName"="UNZIPREG:HOSTNAME:"
ÄúÒ²¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃͬÑùµÄ»úÆ÷°´ÕÕ»úÆ÷µÄÐÍ̬¸úλÖÃÀ´É趨ÆäËûµÄ»·¾³. Õâ¸ö¡õÀý,
ÄúÒ»Ñù¿ÉÒԲο¼ DOS/Windows 3.1 ÄÇÒ»¶ÎµÄÐðÊö.
ÔÚ±ä¸üÈκοͻ§¶Ë»úÆ÷µÄÉ趨áá, ǧÍò±ðÍüÁËÓà mrzip ÖØн¨Á¢´ÅµúÓ°Ïñ,
·ñÔòÄúËùÓеÄÉ趨¶¼»á²» ¼û.
ʹÓÃÕâ¸öϵͳµÇ¼×ÊѶµÄС¼¼ÇÉ, ÄúµÄÉ趨×ÊѶ½«¿ÉÒÔÕý³£µÄתÒƵ½ËùÓеĻúÆ÷.
Èç¹ûÄúÎÞ·¨±ÜÃâ Windows È¥Õì²âһЩ»úÆ÷ÉϵÄÐÂÓ²Ìå,
ÊÔÖøÓÉÕą̂»úÆ÷ÖØн¨Á¢´ÅµúÓ°Ïñµµ. °üº¬Õë¶ÔÕą̂»úÆ÷Ëù
É趨µÄµÇ¼×ÊѶҲҪ·ÅÈë´ÅµúÓ°ÏñÖÐ, Èç¹û˳ÀûµÄ»°¿ÉÒÔ½â¾öÕâ¸öÎÊÌâ.
µ±´ÅµúÓ°Ïñµµ½âѹËõʱ»á»¨Ò»Ð©Ê±¼ä (ͨ³£ÊÇ 20-30 Ãë.),
Äú¿ÉÒÔ¸øʹÓÃÕßһЩѶϢ»òÕ߾ͷÅÕÅƯƯ µÄͼ¸øËûÃÇ¿´. Õâ¸ö¹¤×÷¿ÉÒԺܼòµ¥µÄÍê³É
(¿´¿´ÏÂһƪÎļþµÄ BPUNZIP ).
Èç¹ûÄúÏëµÃµ½¸ü¶àÉ趨 Samba µÄ×ÊѶÓ빤¾ß¸øÔ¶¶Ë¿ª»úµÄµçÄÔʹÓÃ,
ÎÒÃÇ»¹Ð´ÁËÁíÒ»·ÝÎļþ. ¿ÉÒÔ ¿´¿´ http://cuiwww.unige.ch/info/pc.
4. TCP/IP Bootprom Ïà¹Ø¹¤¾ß³Ìʽ
ÕâÒ»¶Î½«°ÑÎÒÃÇΪ TCP/IP BootPROM ËùдµÄ³Ìʽ×÷һЩ˵Ã÷.
4.1 MENUEDIT
ÕâÊÇÔÚ DOS ÏÂÖ´ÐеijÌʽ, ÓÃÀ´±à¼¸ø TCP/IP Bootprom µÄ¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥ÐðÊöµµ. ËüºÜ¼òµ¥,
²»¹ý±ÈÔ³§ ËùÌṩµÄ¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥ÐðÊöµµÀ´µÄ·½±ã. Äú¿ÉÒÔ°´ F1 ¿´µ½Ò»Ð©ÏßÉÏ˵Ã÷.
Èç¹ûÄúÏëÒª¼ÓÇ¿ËûµÄ¹¦ÄÜ ( ±È Èç¼ÓÈë¼ôÌù¹¦ÄÜ), ÎÒ»áºÜÀÖÒâ·¢±íÄúµÄа汾.
Ôʼ³ÌʽΪ Pascal Óï·¨¿ÉÔÚÕâÈ¡µÃ.
4.2 BPHDBOOT
´Ë boot image ½«ÔØÈëÓ²µúµÄ master boot record ²¢Ö´ÐÐËü.
Õâ¸ö boot image ¶Ôì¶ÄÇЩÐèÒªÖØпª»ú²ÅÄÜÍê³ÉËùÓÐÉ趨µÄ×÷ҵϵͳÊÇÏ൱·½±ãµÄ.
ËüÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃÔÚ µ±ÄúҪǿÆÈÇåÀíÓ²µúµÄʱºò.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows235 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
Ôʼ³ÌʽΪ Assembler Óï·¨¿ÉÔÚÕâÈ¡µÃ.
4.3 BPCLEAN
´Ë boot image ½«ÖØÐÂдÈëÓ²µúµÄ master boot record, °üº¬Ó²µúµÄ·Ö¸î±í. ´ËÍâ,
Ëü¿ÉÒÔ¿ìËÙ¸ñʽ»¯ DOS (FAT16) ×ÊÁÏ·Ö¸îÇø (µ«ÎÞ·¨Ê¹Ëü¿É¿ª»ú). ÒòΪ°æȨµÄ¹Øϵ,
ÎÒÃDZØÐëÖØй滮ÎÒÃÇµÄ master boot record Óë FAT16 ¿ª»ú´ÅÇø,
³ýÁËһЩԶ¶Ë¿ª»úµÄѶϢÍâ, ËüÃÇÓë±ê×¼µÄ·Ö¸îÇø´óÖÂÉÏÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ. ΪÁË
ʹÕâ¸ö³ÌʽÄܹ¤×÷, Äú»òÐíÐèÒª¹Øµô BIOS ¶Ô master boot record µÄ±£»¤
(ÒòΪÿ´Î¿ª»ú¶¼¸üÐÂÒ»±é).
Õâ¸ö³ÌʽÏÂÔØÓëÕâ¸ö³ÌʽͬÑùÖ÷µµÃûµÄ·Ö¸î±íÐðÊöµµÆ丱µµÃûΪ .tab.
Õâ¸öµµ°¸¿ÉÒÔ°üº¬¿ÕÐÐ, ×¢½â ÓɼǺſªÊ¼µ«²»µÃ³¬¹ý 512 ¸ö×ÖÔª.
Ç°Ëĸö²»º¬¿Õ°×¼°×¢½âµÄ¼¸ÐÐÓ¦¸Ã°üº¬ËĸöÓ²µú·Ö¸îÇøµÄÐðÊö.
µÚÎå¸ö²»º¬¿Õ°×¼°×¢½âµÄÄÇÒ»ÐÐÓ¦ °üº¬ÏÂÒ»¸öÒªÔØÈëµÄ¿ª»úÓ°ÏñµµÃû³Æ.
·Ö¸îÇøµÄÐðÊöÐÐÓÉÓÉ¿Õ¸ñ»ò tab ¼üÀ´·Ö¸î, ±ØÐëÈçÏÂÕâÈýÖÖ¸ñʽ:
type boot? 1st-cyl 1st-head 1st-sect last-cyl last-head last-sect
type boot? 1st-cyl 1st-head 1st-sect relative-size
type boot? relative-size
· µÚÒ»ÖÖ¸ñʽ, ¸øÓ辫ȷµÄ·Ö¸îÇøÐðÊö.
· µÚ¶þÖÖ¸ñʽ, µÚÒ»¸ö sector
λÖÃÓж¨Ò嵫·Ö¸îÇøµÄ½áÊøλÖÃÊÇÒÀÒªÇóµÄ·Ö¸îÇø´óС×Ô¶¯¼ÆËã.
· µÚÈýÖÖ¸ñʽ, µÚÒ»¸ö sector
ÒÀÕÕÇ°Ò»¸ö·Ö¸îÇøµÄ½áÊøλÖÃ×Ô¶¯ÍÆËãÇÒ·Ö¸îÇøµÄ½áÊøλÖÃÊÇ¿¿
ËùÒªÇóµÄ·Ö¸îÇø´óС×Ô¶¯¼ÆËã. ÕâÖÖ¸ñʽÊÇÍêÈ«¾ö¶¨ì¶Ó²µúµÄ´óС.
ËùÓеÄÊý×Ö¶¼¼ÙÉèÊ®½øÖÆ, ³ý·Ç×ÖÊ×ÓгöÏÖÇ®×ÖºÅ, ÕâÑù²Å»á±»É趨ΪʮÁù½øÖÆ.
· ·Ö¸îÇøµÄ type DOS ·Ö¸îÇøÐ¡ì¶ 32 Mb Ϊ 4, DOS ·Ö¸îÇøÔÚ 32Mb µ½ 500Mb Ö®¼äΪ
6 . ÆäËûµÄÖµ ¿ÉÒÔÔÚʹÓà Linux fdisk help ÕÒµ½Àý×Ó.
· Èç¹û¿É¿ª»ú·Ö¸îÇø boot? ÕâÒ»¶ÎÓ¦¸ÃÉ趨³É Y ¶øÆäËü·Ö¸îÇøÉ趨³É N .
Õâ¸öÆì±êÊǸøÖ÷Òª¿ª»ú¼Í¼ (master boot record) ËùʹÓÃ.
· 1st-cyl, 1st-head ¼° 1st-sect ÊǹØϵÖøÕâ¸ö·Ö¸îÇøµÄµÚÒ»¸ö´ÅÇø.
ǧÍò±ðÍü¼Ç,´ÅÖù¼°´ÅÍ·ÊÇ´Ó 0 ¿ªÊ¼, ¶ø´ÅÇøÊÇ´Ó 1 ¿ªÊ¼.
· last-cyl, last-head ¼° last-sect ÊǹØϵÖø Õâ¸ö·Ö¸îÇøµÄ×îááÒ»¸ö´ÅÇø.
·Ö¸îÇøͨ³£½áÊøÔÚ´ÅÖùµÄ±ß½ç.
· ·Ö¸îÇøËùÕ¼µÄ ´óС±ÈÀý ¿ÉÒÔÏÂÁеķ½·¨±íʾ:
· + 10 Mb ÊÇÖ¸·Ö¸îÇøÖÁÉÙÒªÓÐ 10 Mb (¼´ 2048 ´ÅÇø);
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows245 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
· - 100 Mb ÊÇÖ¸·Ö¸îÇø±ØÐëÔ¤ÁôÖÁÉÙ 100 Mb (¼´ 20480 ´ÅÇø)
¿ÉÓõĿռä¸øÏÂÒ»¸ö·Ö¸îÇø;
· + 30 % ÊÇÖ¸·Ö¸îÇø±ØÐëÔÚÄ¿Ç°µÄλÖÃ, ռסÖÁÉÙ 30 perceny µÄ¿Õ¼ä;
· - 70 % ÊÇÖ¸·Ö¸îÇøÓ¦ÁôÏÂÖÁÉÙ 70 percent
µÄ¿Õ¼äÔÚÄ¿Ç°µÄλÖøøÏÂÒ»¸ö·Ö¸îÇø.
ÒÔ´óС±ÈÀý¶¨Òå·Ö¸îÇøʱͨ³£»áÔÚ´ÅÖùµÄ±ß½ç½áÊø,
²¢ÇÒ³ý·ÇµÚÒ»¸ö·Ö´ÅÇøµÄλÖÃÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ, ²Å»á´Ó´ÅÍ·µÄ±ß½ç´¦¿ªÊ¼. ÒÔÎÒÃÇËùÖª,
ÕâÊÇΪÁË·ûºÏ±ê×¼µÄʹÓÃ.
µ±Ò»¸ö±êÇ©¸½¼ÓÔÚÒ»¸ö·Ö¸îÇøÐðÊö¾äÖ®áá, Ïà¶ÔÓ¦µÄ·Ö¸îÇø»á±»¸ñʽ»¯³É DOS FAT16
µÄ·Ö¸îÇø,ÎÞ ÂÛÔ±¾ÊÇÄÄÖÖ¸ñʽ. ·Ö¸îÇøÐÎʽ 4 ¸ú 6 ÊÇÏàÈݵÄ,
¶øÇÒËüÔÚÇåÀíѧÉúËùʹÓõĵçÄÔʱÏ൱ÓÐÓõÄ. Õâ ÖÖ¿ìËÙ¸ñʽ»¯Ö»Òª»¨¼¸Ê®Ãë.
Ô¤ÉèÖµ, bpclean ÊDZàÒë³ÉÖ§Ô® LBA (²»³¬¹ý 1024 ¸ö´ÅÖù, µ«¿É´ï 256 ¸ö´ÅÍ·).
ijЩÆæ¹ÖµÄ BIOS ¼°Ä³ ЩÆæ¹ÖµÄ×÷ҵϵͳ½Ïϲ»¶ÁíÒ»ÖÖ NORMAL ģʽ (¿É´ï 4096
¸ö´ÅÖù, µ«²»Äܳ¬¹ý 64 ¸ö´ÅÍ·); Èç¹ûÄú ÐèÒªÕâÖÖģʽ, ÄÇ÷á°Ñ LBA
µÄ¶¨Òå´ÓÔʼ³ÌʽÀï¸Ä³É×¢½âÈ»ááÖØбàÒëÒ»±é.
Assembler Óï·¨µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂëÔÚÕâ.
4.4 MRZIP, MRUNZIP and BPUNZIP
MrZip ÊÇÒ»¸öÔÚ DOS ÏÂÖ´ÐеijÌʽ, ÓÃÀ´½¨Á¢Ñ¹ËõµÄ DOS FAT 16·Ö¸îÇø. µÚÒ»²½,
ÏÈ·ÖÎö´Åµú»úµÄʹ ÓÃ×´¿ö, ËüÈ»ááÖ»¶ÔÓÐʹÓõ½µÄ×ÊÁÏ×öѹËõ, ½ÓÖøÓÃÏ൱¿ìµÄ
(²¢²»ÊÇ×îÓÐЧÂʵÄ) ͳ¼ÆµÄѹËõÑÝËã ·¨ÔòÀ´Ñ¹Ëõ×ÊÁÏ. ÒѾ֧Ԯ Windows 95 µÄ³¤µµÃû,
µ«ÊǸ±µµÃûΪ .SWP µÄµµ°¸²¢²»»á´¢´æ. ÔÚ¸÷ʽ²» ͬµÄµµ°¸ÀàÐÍÖÐ,ÒѾ°üº¬Ðí¶à magic
numbers, ÇÒÒѸúÔʼ×ÊÁÏ×ö¹ý¼ì²éµÄ ´¦Àí. µ±µµ°¸ÈÝÁ¿µÄ¸ßλ ÐòºÅÊý×ÖÔö´óʱ,
Õâ¸ö¼ì²éÂë´¢´æÔÚµµ°¸µÄÈÝÁ¿µÄµÍλÐòºÅÊý×ÖÖÐ . Èç¹ûÄúÔÚ½¨Á¢Ñ¹ËõÓ°ÏñµµÇ°°Ñ
ÄúÓ²µúµÄÐòºÅ¹éÁã, ÔòÄú¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÕâ¸öÊý×ÖÀ´ ×·×ÙÄúÓ°ÏñµµµÄ¸üдÎÊý.
ÒòΪ MrZip »áʹÓÃÖ±½Ó´Åµú´æÈ¡, ½¨ÒéÄúÔÚÖ´ÐÐÇ°ÏȰѴŵú»ú¿ìÈ¡ÇøµÄ×ÊÁϻشæ. Win
dows 95 ËƺõÊÇ ¶Ô×öÒ»ÖÆÐԵĹÜÀíÖ±½Ó´Åµú´æÈ¡¡õ
MrUnzip ÊÇÒ»¸öÔÚ DOS ÏÂÖ´ÐеijÌʽ,ÓÃÀ´½âѹËõ´ÅµúÓ°Ïñµµµ½Ó²µú»úÖÐ,
ʹÓÃÖ±½Ó´Åµú´æÈ¡. ²»Òª ¸úÈκξßÓпìÈ¡¹¦ÄܵijÌʽһÆðʹÓÃ,
ÒòΪ¹âÊÇÕâ¸ö³Ìʽ¾ÍÒѾ¿ì°Ñ DOS ¸øÕÛÄ¥ËÀÁË... ²»¹ÜÔõÑù,
Èç¹ûÄúÒª»Ö¸´Ò»¸öÎÞ·¨¿ª»úµÄ»úÆ÷ÄÇ÷áËü»áÊǽ«ºÜÓÐÓõÄ.
BpUnzip ÊÇÒ»¸ö¿ª»úÓ°ÏñÓÃÀ´¹ÜÀíѹËõÓ²µúµÄÓ°Ïñµµ. ´ÖÂÔµÄÀ´Ëµ,
Ëü½«ÓÉÓ²µú»úµÄÓ°ÏñÀ´¿ª»ú²¢Óà ͬÑùµÄÃû³Æ, ¸±µµÃûΪ .imz.
Ê×ÏÈ, Ëü»áÏȶÁÈ¡·Ö¸îÇø±í²¢¼ì²é
· µÚÒ»¸ö DOS ·Ö¸îÇø, ´ÅµúÓ°Ïñµµ»Ø´æµÄµØ·½
· ·Ö¸îÇøÖÐ×îááÒ»¸ö´ÅÖù, ÒÔáὫ´¢´æѹËõÓ²µúÓ°Ïñ.
½ÓÖøËü»á¶ÁÈ¡µÚÒ»¸öδÓõ½µÄ´ÅÖùµÄµÚÒ»¸ö´ÅÇø²¢¼ì²éÊÇ·ñÒѾÓÐÒ»¸öÓ°Ïñ±í.
Èç¹û²»ÊÇÕâÑù, »ò ÕßÓ°Ïñ±íÄÚÈÝÓеãì¶Ü, »òÕßÁ½¸ö shift ¼ü¶¼±»°´ÏÂʱ (Ò»ÖÖÌرðµÄ
general-cleaning ÐźÅ), Õâ¸öÓ°Ïñ±í ½«»á±»Çå³ý.
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Èç¹ûÓ°Ïñ±í»¹Ã»Óаüº¬ËùÐèµÄÓ°Ïñ, Ëü»á͸¹ý TFTP ͨѶж¨ÔØÈë²¢¼ÓÔÚÓ°Ïñ±íÄÚ.
Èç¹ûÔÚÇ°ÃæËùÔØ ÈëµÄÓ°ÏñÖ®áá, ûÓÐ×ã¹»µÄ¿Õ¼äÀ´´æ·Å¾ÉµÄÓ°Ïñ×ÊÁÏʱ,
Ôò¾ÉµÄÓ°Ïñµµ»á±»¿³µô. Èç¹ûÓ°ÏñµµÒѾ´æ ÔÚÓ°Ïñ±íÖÐ, ×îеĿª»úÓ°Ïñ´ÅÇø
(°üº¬¼ì²éÂë) ½«»á͸¹ý TFTP ͨѶж¨ÔØÈë²¢ÇÒÓëÄ¿Ç°µÃÓ°Ïñµµ ×ö±È½Ï.
Èç¹ûËüÃDz»ÍêÈ«Ò»ÖÂ, ÔòѹËõÓ°Ïñ»áÔÙÖØÐÂÔØÈëÒ»´Î.
Õâ¸öÓ°Ïñ½ÓÖø»á±»½âѹËõ, ËùÓÐµÄ magic numbers ¶¼ÔÙÈ·ÈÏ, ²¢¼ì²é½âѹËõááµÄ×ÊÁÏ.
Èç¹û½âѹËõʧ °Ü, »òÕß¼ì²é½á¹ûÓë×îеĿª»ú´ÅÇø²»ÎǺÏ,
ÔòÓ°Ïñµµ½«»áÖØÐÂÔØÈë²¢ÐÞÕýÒ»´Î. ·ñÔò, ³Ìʽ»á°Ñ¿Ø ÖÆȨ½»¸ø¿ª»ú´ÅÇø,
×÷ҵϵͳ¾Í»áÆô¶¯.
Èç¹û bpunzip ͸¹ý¸±µµÃû .P ÔØÈë (Èç win95.P), ÔòËü»á¼ÙÉè TFTP ËÅ·þÆ÷ÔÚ port 59
ÓмÓÇ¿Ð͵ĽéÃæ (ÔÚÕý ¹æµÄ port 69 Ö®ÍâËù¸½¼ÓµÄ). BpUnzip
½«Í¸¹ýËüÒԽϴóµÄ·â°ü¸ñʽÔØÈëÓ°Ïñµµ, ͨ³£ÊÇÒÔ 1408 bytes À´ È¡´úÿ¸ö·â°ü 512
bytes (ÕâÖÖת»»Ê¹Óôó·â°üµÄ¼¼ÇÉÓеãÏñTCP/IP BootpromËùʹÓõÄ).
ͬÀí, Èç¹û bpunzip ÊÇ͸¹ý¸±µµÃû .G ÔØÈë (Èç win95.GP),
ÔòËü½«»áÏÈÏÂÔØÒ»¸öÒÔͬÑùÖ÷µµÃûµÄ GIF ͼµµ (Èç win95.gif)
²¢ÔÚ¿ª»úʱ°ÑËüÐãÔÚӪĻÉÏ. Õâ¸ö³ÌʽֻÄÜÔÚ 800x600, 256 É«µÄģʽϹ¤×÷ (¼´Ê¹ GIF
ͼµµ ¿ÉÒÔ¸üС»òÕßʹÓøüÉÙµÄÑÕÉ«). Èç¹ûÄúÏëÒª¿´¿´¿ª»úµÄÁ÷³Ì¼Ç¼,
ÔòÕâ¸ö±êÌâ¿ÉÒÔ°´ ESC ¼üÒƳý. Èç¹ûÄúµÄÏÔʾ¿¨²»ÊÇ VESA ÏàÈÝÐÍ,
ÔòÕâ¸ö¹¦ÄÜÄú²»ÄÜʹÓÃ. ÁíÍâ,»¹Òª×¢ÒâµÄÊÇÕâ¸ö±ê¼ÇµÄÖ´ÐÐÍê ³É°ôÊÇʹÓõ÷É«Å̵Ä
×îááÊ®ÁùÉ«À´ÏÔʾ. Èç¹û²»ÏëʹÓÃÕâ¸ö¹¦ÄÜ, »òÕßÏ£ÍûÐÞÕýËü. ˳±ãÒ»Ìá, Èç¹û
Äú²»Ï²»¶ÎÒÃDZê¼ÇµÄÖ´ÐÐÍê³É°ô, Äú¿ÉÒÔ×ÔÓɵĸıäËü (ÔÚ GIFDATA.ASM),
µ«Çë±£ÁôÎÒÃǵÄÃû×Ö ÔÚ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µÃµ½µÄµØ·½.
Ä¿µØ·Ö¸îÇø²»ÐèÒªÍêÈ«¸úÔʼµÄ´óСÏàͬ ;
ËüÖ»ÒªÓÐ×ã¹»µÄ¿Õ¼äÀ´´æ·Å·Ö¸îÇøÖÐ,ËùÓÐʹÓõ½µÄ´Å Öù.
Èç¹ûÄ¿µØ·Ö¸îÇøСì¶ÔʼµÄ·Ö¸îÇø, Ôò µµ°¸¶ÔÓ²±í FAT ½«»áÒò´Ë¶øήËõ
(µ«´ÅÖù´óСÔò²»±ä). Èç¹ûÄ¿µØ·Ö¸îÇø´óС´óì¶Ôʼ·Ö¸îÇø, Ôò µµ°¸¶ÔÓ¦±í FAT
½«»á¾¡¿ÉÄܵÄÀ©´ó. È»¶ø, Èç¹ûÄ¿µØ·Ö¸î Çø±ÈÔʼ·Ö¸îÇø´ó¸ü¶à, ¿ÉÄÜ 65518
¸ö´ÅÖù¾Í²»¹»¸²¸ÇËùÓеĿռä (ÒòΪ´ÅÖù´óСÊÇÎÞ·¨¸Ä±äµÄ). Ïñ ÕâÖÖ×´¿ö, bpunzip
½«»á²úÉú¾¯¸æ,¸æËßʹÓÃÕßÓÐһЩ¿Õ¼äÁ÷ʧµôÁË.
Ô¤ÉèÖµ, bpunzip ÊDZàÒë³ÉÖ§Ô® LBA (²»³¬¹ý 1024 ¸ö´ÅÖù, µ«¿É´ï 256 ¸ö´ÅÍ·).
ijЩÆæ¹ÖµÄ BIOS ¼°Ä³ ЩÆæ¹ÖµÄ×÷ҵϵͳ½Ïϲ»¶ÁíÒ»ÖÖ NORMAL ģʽ (¿É´ï 4096
¸ö´ÅÖù, µ«²»Äܳ¬¹ý 64 ¸ö´ÅÍ·); Èç¹ûÄú ÐèÒªÕâÖÖģʽ, ÄÇ÷á°Ñ LBA
µÄ¶¨Òå´ÓÔʼ³ÌʽÀï¸Ä³É×¢½âÈ»ááÖØбàÒëÒ»±é.
Assembler Óï·¨µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂëÔÚÕâ.
Èç¹ûʹÓà Solaris 2.5 µ± TFTP server. ÔÚ´¦Àí³¬¹ý 16 Megabytes ʱ, »áÓÐÎÊÌâ.
ÕâÊÇÒòΪËüÎÞ·¨´¦Àí³¬¹ý 32768 packets per file ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÒÑÖªµÄ³ô¡õ, µ«Ö±µ½Ä¿Ç°
SUN ÈÔδÌṩÐÞÕý. ÎÒÃǽ¨ÒéÄúʹÓøüÓÐЧ ÂʵļÓÇ¿ÐÍ extended TFTP server
(ËüÒ²Ö§Ô®ÆäËû×÷ҵϵͳ, ¾ÍÔÚ TCP/IP Bootprom ¹¤¾ß´ÅƬÖÐ).
4.5 NOBREAK
Nobreak.sys Ï൱С (´ó¸ÅÖ»ÓÐ 350 bytes ) µÄÇý¶¯³Ìʽ, Ëü½«¼ÓÔÚÄú config.sys
ÖеĿªÊ¼´¦. ËüµÄÄ¿µÄÊDZ£ »¤¿ª»ú³ÌÐò, Ö±µ½Ê¹ÓÃÕßµÇÈë. DOS ΪÕâÌṩһÖÖÉ趨 (ÃûΪ
BREAK=OFF), µ«Ëü²»¹»±©Á¦, ²¢ÇÒÔÚ autoexec.bat ûÉáÓÃ.
ÎÒÃǵÄÇý¶¯³Ìʽ¹¤×÷ÔÀíÊǵ±ÖжÏÒªÇó²úÉúʱÐ޸ļüÅ̵ÄɨÃèÂë, Ö±½ÓÔÚ BIOS ²ã¹¤×÷.
ÒÔÕâ·½·¨, ËùÓеijÌʽÔÚÖжÏδÖÂÄÜÇ°¶¼ÊÕ²»µÀÖжÏѶϢ.
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Õâ¸öÇý¶¯³Ìʽ±ØÐë·ÅÔÚ config.sys µµÖÐ(»òÕßʹÓà Undocumented DOS µÄ devlod ³Ìʽ).
½ÓÖø, ¿ÉÒÔ͸¹ý´« ËÍ Yes µ½ NOBRK Õâ¸öÐéÄâ×°ÖÃ, ²¢ÇÒ´«ËÍ No ¶ø½ûÄÜ (ÊÂʵÉÏ,
Ö»ÐèÒªµÚÒ»¸ö×ÖÔª, Y »ò N ²ÅÊÇ×îÖØÒª µÄ).
ÒòΪÕâ¸öÇý¶¯³ÌʽÒÀ¿¿ BIOS, ËùÒÔËüÖ»ÄÜÔÚ DOS ¸ú Windows 3.1.Ϲ¤×÷ Windows 95
ÔòÓÐËü×Ô¼ºµÄ µÍ½×¼üÅÌ´¦Àí»úÖÆ.
Assembler Óï·¨µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂëÔÚÕâ.
5. ÌÖÂÛ
ÎÒÃÇÔÚÕ⽫ÌÖÂÛ¹Øì¶Õâ¸ö¼Ü¹¹µÄÏà¹ØÀíÂÛÐÔÒéÌâ.
5.1 Bootproms Óë Ó²µú»ú
Bootproms ÒѾ³öÏÖÏ൱¾ÃÁË, ¶øͨ³£ÎÒÃÇÖ»»á°ÑËüÃÇʹÓÃÔÚÎ޴ŵú»úµÄµçÄÔ.
µ«ÎÒÃÇÖ÷ÕÅ, Bootproms ÓÃÔÚ¾ßÓÐÓ²µú»úµÄµçÄÔ½«¸üÓÐȤ, ÒòΪÎÒÃǵõ½ÁËË«ÃæµÄÀûÒæ:
· Ò»¸ö Bootprom ¿ÉÒÔʹµÃÄúµÄ¼Ü¹¹¸ü¼ÓÎȶ¨,
ÒòΪËü¿ÉÒÔÈ·¶¨µçÄԱض¨»áÒÔͬһ¸ö¿ª»ú²½Ö迪 »ú, ¼´Ê¹ÊÇÖÐÁ˲¡¶¾»ò·Ö¸î±íËð»Ù.
»¹¿ÉÒÔÕâÑù×÷, Ò²¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇ×ö¹ýµÄ, ÔÚÔØÈë×÷ҵϵͳ֮ǰÏÈ ÇåÀíÄúµÄÓ²µú
· ÓÐÓ²µú»úʹµÃÕâ¸ö×é̬¸ü¼ÓÓÐЧÂÊ, ÒòΪËü¿ÉÒÔ͸¹ý¿ìÈ¡¶ø½µµÍÍø·¸ºÔØ,
²¢ÔÊÐí¸üÓÐЧÂ浀 swap.
5.2 ʹÓÃÄÇÒ»ÖÖ Bootprom ?
¸öÈ˵çÄÔ¿ÉÓÃµÄ Bootproms Ï൱¶à. ÎÒÃÇÓÐÐí¶àÀíÓÉÑ¡Ôñ Köppen EDV GmbH µÄ TCP/IP
Bootprom :
· ËüÊÇÒÔ BOOTP/DHCP ͨѶж¨Îª»ù´¡, ÕâЩͨѶж¨ÒÑÓÉ RFCs ¹«¿ªµÄ¶¨Òå.
ËüµÄ¶¨ÒåÊǵ± BOOTP/DHCP ËÅ·þÆ÷ÊÕµ½Î´ÖªµÄ¿Í»§¶ËµÄÒªÇóѶºÅ,
½«²»»áÓÐÈκλØÓ¦. ÕâÊÇÓÃÀ´·ÀÖ¹Óжą̀ ËÅ·þÆ÷ʱ¶ø»¥Ïà¸ÉÈÅ, µ±Äú¿àì¶ MSD
¿ª»úËÅ·þÆ÷µÄÌåÑé. ¶øÇÒ, ¶øÇÒ IP Ö»ÄÜÔÚ×ÓÍø·Äڹ㲥, ÕâÑù±ÈÆð IPX
»á²úÉú½ÏµÍµÄÔÓѶ.
· Ëü¿ÉʹÓöàÖÖ×÷ҵϵͳ.
· ¼¼Êõ×ÊÁÏÓë API ×ÊÁÏ¿ÉË÷È¡.
· ¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¼ºÐ´¿ª»úÔØÈë³Ìʽ (ÎÒÃÇÊÔ¹ý)
· ¿ª»úµÄ³ÌÐò¿ÉÒÔÓиü¶àµÄ±ä»¯. ÌرðÊÇ, Ëü¿ÉÒÔÔÊÐíÎÒÃÇÔÚ¾ÉʽµÄ AST
µçÄԹصôÈíµúµÄ¿ª»ú, ÕâÔÚÔ»úÆ÷µÄ BIOS ²»°üÀ¨ÕâÏÄÜ.
· Ìṩ½¨Á¢Óëά»¤¿ª»úÑ¡µ¥µÄ¹¤¾ß.
Linux Remote-Boot mini-HOWTO: ʹÓà Red-Hat Linux, DOS, Windows 3.1 ¼° Windows275 É趨Զ¶Ë¿ª»ú¹¤×÷Õ¾
BBSˮľÇ廪վ¡Ã¾«»ªÇø