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                    The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý

                  ×÷Õß: Jeff_Tranter, jeff_tranter@pobox.com

                       ÒëÕß: ÎéÓÀ¿µyorkwu@ms4.hinet.net

            ÖÐÎÄ°æ v1.18, 1997Äê11ÔÂ12ÈÕ(Ôv1.18, 1 November 1997)

                                   Abstract

     ±¾ÎÄ¼þÃèÊöÔÚLinuxÏÂµÄ¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§µÄÖ§Ô®. ËüÁÐ¾Ù³öÖ§Ô®µÄÒôÐ§Ó²ÌåÉè±¸,
     Ò²Ð´µ½ÁËÈçºÎ ÉèºÃºËÐÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½,¼°³£¼ûÎÊÌâµÄ½â´ð.
     Ï£Íû½åÓÉËü,¿ÉÒÔÈÃÐÂÊÖ¸üÌáÔçÉÏÂ·,Í¬Ê±¼õÉÙÔÚ
     UsenetÐÂÎÅ×é¼°Í¨ÐÅÂÛÌ³¼äµÄÅÓ´ó``¹àË®Á¿''.

                                   CONTENTS

1. ¸ÅÂÛ ..................................................................... 1
   1.1  ÃúÐ»×´ .............................................................. 1
   1.2  Ó¢ÎÄ°æ°æ±¾ÑØ¸ï ...................................................... 1
   1.3  ±¾ÖÐÎÄ°æ°æ±¾ÑØ¸ï .................................................... 3
   1.4  ×îÐÂ°æ±¾ºÎ´¦Ñ°? ..................................................... 3
   1.5  »ØÀ¡ ................................................................ 4
   1.6  É¢²¼Ê±µÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî .................................................... 4

2. ÒôÐ§¿¨¼¼Êõ ............................................................... 4

3. Ö§Ô®µÄÓ²Ìå ............................................................... 5
   3.1  ÒôÐ§¿¨ .............................................................. 6
   3.2  Ñ¡ÔñÐÔµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ ................................................ 7
   3.3  PCÀ®°È .............................................................. 9
   3.4  Æ½ÐÐ(Ó¡±í»ú)²º ...................................................... 9

4. °²×° ..................................................................... 9
   4.1  °²×°ÒôÐ§¿¨ .......................................................... 9
   4.2  Éè¶¨ºËÐÄ ............................................................ 9
   4.3  ½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµ ......................................................... 13
   4.4  Æð¶¯Linux¼°²âÊÔ .................................................... 13
   4.5  ÎÊÌâÓë½â¾ö ......................................................... 16

5. Ö§Ô®ÒôÐ§µÄÓ¦ÓÃÈíÌå ...................................................... 18

6. ³£¼ûÎÊÌâÓë½â´ð .......................................................... 18
   6.1  ÕâÒ»¶ÑÒôÐ§Éè±¸µµ¸÷´ú±íÊ²÷á? ........................................ 18
   6.2  ÔõÑù²¥·ÅÒôÐ§µµ°¸? .................................................. 19
   6.3  ÔõÑùÂ¼ÖÆÒôÐ§µµ? .................................................... 20
   6.4  ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÓÐ²»Ö»Ò»Æ¬ÒôÐ§¿¨Âð? .......................................... 20
   6.5  ´íÎó: No such file or directory for sound devices .................. 20
   6.6  ´íÎó: No such device for sound devices ............................. 20
   6.7  ´íÎó: No space left on device for sound devices .................... 20
   6.8  ´íÎó: Device busy for sound devices ................................ 21
   6.9  »¹ÊÇÌÓ²»ÁË'device busy'µÄ´íÎó! ..................................... 21
   6.10 ÒôÐ§µµ·Åµ½Ò»°ë¾ÍÍ£ÁË ............................................... 21
   6.11 ²¥·ÅMODµµ¶Ï¶ÏÐøÐø .................................................. 21
   6.12 ±àÒëÒôÐ§ÈíÌåÊ±³ö´í ................................................. 21
   6.13 ÒÔÇ°ÅÜºÜºÃµÄÈíÌå, È´³öÏÖSEGV´íÎó ................................... 22
   6.14 ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÐºÎÒÑÖªµÄÏÞÖÆ¼°bug? ................................... 22
   6.15 ¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄioctlµÈ, ÄÄÀïÓÐ¼ÇÔØ? ............................. 22
   6.16 ÒªÍêÈ«Æ½Ë³µØÂ¼·ÅÒô, ÐèÒª¶àÇ¿µÄCPU²ÅÄÜ°ìµ½? ......................... 22
   6.17 PAS16ºÍAdaptec 1542 SCSI¿¨µÄ´îÅäÎÊÌâ ............................... 22
   6.18 ¿É²»¿ÉÒÔÍ¬Ê±Â¼·ÅÒô? ................................................ 23
   6.19 ÎÒµÄÉù°Ô¿¨16ÊÇÉèIRQ 2, ¿ÉÊÇÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½²»×¼ÎÒÉèÕâ¸öÖµ .................. 23
   6.20 Éù°Ô¿¨AWE32¼°Éù°Ô¿¨16ASPÓÐÖ§Ô®Âð? .................................. 23
   6.21 ÎÒÀë¿ªLinux, Æð¶¯DOS, È»ááÓÐÐ©ÈíÌå·¢Éù²»Õý³£ ....................... 24
   6.22 ÔÚLinuxÏÂÅÜDOOM³öÎÊÌâ .............................................. 24
   6.23 ÔõÑù½µµÍÒôÐ§¿¨²úÉúµÄÔÓÒô? .......................................... 24
   6.24 ÄÜ·ÅÒô, ²»ÄÜÂ¼Òô ................................................... 24

                                       i

   6.25 ±ØÐëÏÈ½øDOSÅÜÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ²»È»ÎÒµÄ"ÏàÈÝ¿¨"Ã»·¨ÓÃ ...................... 25
   6.26 ÎÒµÄ16Î»ÔªÉù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝ¿¨ÔÚLinuxÏÂÖ»ÄÜÓÃ8Î»ÔªÄ£Ê½ ..................... 25
   6.27 ÔÚÄÄÀïÕÒµÃµ½LinuxµÄÒôÐ§ÈíÌå? ....................................... 25
   6.28 ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½¿É²»¿ÉÒÔ±àÒë³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é? .............................. 25
   6.29 ÎÒÄÜ°ÑÖ÷¿ØÌ¨µÄßÙßÙÉù¸ÄÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨·¢³öÂð? .............................. 25
   6.30 VoxWareÊÇÊ²÷á? ..................................................... 26
   6.31 ÓÐÖ§Ô®Ëæ²å¼´ÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨Âð? ............................................ 26
   6.32 Sox/Play/Vplay »Ø±¨ "invalid block size 1024" ...................... 26
   6.33 ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÎªºÎÒªÓÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÉè¶¨³ÌÊ½? ................................ 26
   6.34 ÎÒÔØÈëÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ä£×éáá,»ìÒôÉè¶¨¾Í±»ÖØÉèÁË ........................ 27
   6.35 Ö»ÓÐrootÄÜÂ¼Òô ..................................................... 27
   6.36 ÔÚIBM ThinkPadÉÏµÄÒôÐ§Ó²Ìå¿ÉÒÔÖ§Ô®Âð? .............................. 27

7. ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ ................................................................ 27

                                       ii

1.  ¸ÅÂÛ

ÕâÊÇLinux Sound HOWTOÎÄ¼þ. ËüµÄÖ÷ÒªÄ¿±êÊÇÌá¹©Ò»ÇÐ°²×°¼°½¨ÖÃLinuxÒôÐ§Ö§Ô®ËùÐèÖª
Ê¶µÄ¿ìËÙ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ. ÎÒÃÇÒ»·½Ãæ»Ø´ð¹Øì¶LinuxÏÂ¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§µÄ³£¼ûÎÊÌâ, ÁíÒ»·½ÃæÒ²Ö¸³ö
¹Øì¶µçÄÔÒôÐ§/ÒôÀÖ·½ÃæÖÖÖÖÖ÷ÌâµÄ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏµÄÀ´Ô´.

ÎÒÃÇÖ»¹ØÐÄÊÊºÏLinuxÓÃµÄÒôÐ§¿¨·½Ãæ. ¶Ôì¶ÒôÐ§¿¨¼°µçÄÔÒôÐ§/ÒôÀÖÔÀíµÄ×ÊÁÏ,
Çë²ÎÔÄ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏÄÇ½ÚÁÐ³öµÄÎÄ¼þ.

1.1  ÃúÐ»×´

Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þºÜ¶àÀ´×ÔÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½³ÌÊ½ÂëËù¸½µÄÎÄ¼þ(ÓÉHannu Savolainen(
hannu@voxware.pp.fi)×«Ð´).  Ð»Ð»Hannu¼°¿ª·¢LinuxºËÐÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½,
ÒÔ¼°ÒôÐ§¹«ÓÃ³ÌÊ½µÄÐíÐí¶à¶àÆäËûÈË.

ÓÉì¶ÓÐ SGML Tools Ì×¼þ,Ê¹µÃ±¾ÎÄ¼þ¿ÉÒÔÓÉÒ»¸öÔÊ¼µµ²úÉú³ö¼¸ÖÖ²»Í¬¸ñÊ½.

1.2  Ó¢ÎÄ°æ°æ±¾ÑØ¸ï

      1.1°æ
            µÚÒ»°æ; Ö»ÔÚLinux¿ª·¢ÕßÍ¨ÐÅÂÛÌ³µÄSOUNDÆµµÀÕÅÌù.

      1.2°æ
            ´ÎÒªµÄ¸ü¶¯; ¹«¿ª·ÅÔÚµµ°¸¿âµÄµÚÒ»°æ.

      1.3°æ
            ×ª»»ÎªSGML; Ê¹ÓÃMatt WelshµÄLinuxdoc-SGML¹¤¾ß×ª»»¶øÓÐ¶àÖÖ¸ñÊ½;
            ÓÉì¶ÐÂ¸ñÊ½¶ø¸Ä ±äÁËÍâ¹Û½á¹¹, ÄÚÈÝ½öÓÐÐ¡¸Ä±ä.

      1.4°æ
            SGMLµÄ´ÎÒª¸Ä¶¯; Ôö¼ÓÁËPAS16¼°Adaptec 1542A SCSI¿¨²»ÏàÈÝÎÊÌâµÄ½â´ð.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       1

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       2

      1.5°æ
            ÔÚ1.1°æºËÐÄÖÐ³öÏÖÁË2.5a°æµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½; Ìáµ½Ö§Ô®ÁËGUS-MAX;
            ÆäËü´ÎÒª¸ü¶¯

      1.6°æ
            Ôö¼ÓÁË¹Øì¶´íÎó``no space on device''µÄ×ÊÑ¶. Ìáµ½ Hacker's Guide
            ·ÅÔÚ'Òþ²Ø''µÄÄ¿Â¼. Ôö¼ÓÁËË«¹¤Ä£Ê½ÎÊÌâ; ¹Øì¶´íÎó``device busy''
            µÄ×ÊÑ¶; ÆäËü´ÎÒª¸Ä±ä.

      1.7°æ
            Ôö¼Ó¹Øì¶ASP¼°AWE32µÄ×ÊÑ¶; VoxWare 2.9³öÀ´ÁË;
            »Ø´ðÁËÊ¹ÓÃµ½IRQ2µÄÎÊÌâ; ²Î¿¼µ½ Sound¼°SCSI HOWTO.

      1.8°æ
            Ôö¼ÓÁËDOSÏÂ³öÏÖ´íÎóµÄÎÊÌâ; ½øÐÐÐí¶à´ÎÒª¸Ä±ä,
            ÒÔÅäºÏ2.90°æµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½; DOOMµÄ×ÊÑ¶; ÈçºÎ¼õµÍÔÓÒôµÄÎÊÌâ.

      1.9°æ
            Â¼Òô¼°ÏàÈÝ¿¨µÄÎÊÌâ.

      1.10°æ
            ±¾HOWTOÉÏÁËWeb, »¹ÓÐÓ¡Ë¢±¾ºÍ·Òë±¾;
            ¹Øì¶ºÍQIC´Å´øÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄDMA³åÍ»µÄ×ÊÑ¶; »¹ÓÐ ÒøºÓÄ§Éù¿¨(Sound Galaxy
            NX Pro)¼°ÂÞ¼¼ BusMouse µÄ×ÊÑ¶.

      1.11°æ
            ³ÙÀ´ºÃ¾ÃµÄ¸üÐÂ(ÎÒÄÇÊ±ºÜÃ¦); ½«ÎÄ¼þÖÃì¶GPLÖ´ÕÕ¹æ¶¨ÏÂ; ¸úÉÏ3.0°æÒôÐ§
            Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½; Ôö¼ÓÐí¶àÐÂÖ§Ô®µÄÒôÐ§¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½×ÊÑ¶;
            ¸ü¶à¹Øì¶½¨ÖÃ¼°½â¾öÎÊÌâµÄ×Ê Ñ¶; ¼ÓÈëÁËºÜ¶àHTMLÁ¬½á; ²ÉÓÃºÍCDROM-HOW
            TOÒ»ÑùµÄ¸ñÊ½.

      1.12°æ
            ÔÚ1.3.34°æºËÐÄÓÖÓÐÁËÐÂµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½; ÐÂµÄÉè±¸µµµµÃû;
            1542µÄÎ»Ö·ÐÞÕýÎª334(¶ø·Ç 333); ²ûÃ÷Creative Labs Emu¼°ASPµÄ×´Ì¬;
            ¼ÓÈë Creative Labs ¼° MediaTrix µÄÍøÖ·.

      1.13°æ
            ÌáÐÑ VoxWare µÄÃû³Æ(ÓÐÎÊÌâ); ¸üÐÂÒÔ·´Ó¦×îÐÂÖ§Ô®µÄ¿¨¼°½¨ÖÃÑ¡Ïî;
            Ëæ²å¼´ÓÃ(PnP)·½ ÃæµÄÖ§Ô®ÎÊÌâ; Çø¿é´óÐ¡(block size)·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌâ; ÐÂµÄ
            xconfig ¼° menuconfig Ñ¡Ïî; mudutils ÓÐÒôÐ§Éè±¸Ö§Ô®ÁË;
            vgerÍ¨Ñ¶ÂÛÌ³°Ý°ÝÁË; Ç¿µ÷×÷ÕßµÄÍøÕ¾; ÆäËüµÄ´Î ÒªÐÞ¶©.

      1.14°æ
            Audio Excell DSP16Ä¿Ç°ÉÐÎ´Ö§Ô®(Ó¦¸Ã¼¸¸öÔÂáá¾Í¿ÉÒÔÁË); ÉèÖÃ³ÌÊ½¸ÄÁË;
            Òå´óÀûÒë±¾³öÀ´ÁË; ÔÚÔØÈëÒôÐ§Ä£×éÊ±, ¸øÒ»¸öÉè¶¨»ìÒôÆ÷ÔöÒæµÄÐ¡¼¼ÇÉ;
            ×îÐÂ ÎÈ¶¨ºËÐÄ¸ÄÎª2.0; ÐÂµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ãû³Æ;
            ÒôÐ§Éè±¸µµµÄrootÈ¨ÏÞÎÊÌâ.

      1.15°æ
            ³ýÈ¥Ì«¾É¹ýÊ±µÄÎÊÌâ; ×÷ÕßÓÐÁËÐÂE-mailµØÖ·;
            ÐÞÕýÒ»Ð©Ì××°ÈíÌåµÄÁ¬½áÖ¸±ê; Ôö¼Ó¶àÃ½ ÌåÄÇ±¾ÊéµÄ¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶;
            Æ´·¨¼°Óï·¨µÄÐ¡¸Ä±ä.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       3

      1.16°æ
            Hannu Savolainen¸øÓèÁËºÜ¶àÐÞ¶©¼°Ð£Õý;
            Ôö¼ÓÁù¸öÔÂµÄ``×î¼Ñ²Î¿¼ÆÚ''ÆÚÏÞ ; Êé±¾µÄÍøÒ³Ö®ÐÂURL;
            Ôö¼ÓÎ÷°àÑÀÒë±¾µÄÁ¬½á; Æ´·¨¼°ÎÄ·¨µÄÐ¡¸Ä±ä.

      1.17°æ
            ÖÐÒë±¾³öÀ´ÁË; ¶àÁËÑ¡ÔñÐÔµÄ GUS Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½; ·â°üÎÞÏßÊý¾Ý»ú(packet
            radio modem); Linux Multimedia Guide ÏÖÒÑÓÐ·¨ÎÄ¼°ÈÕÎÄÒë±¾.
            ²Î¿¼Ðí¶àÏà¹ØµÄ mini-HOWTO; IBM ThinkPadµÄÖ¸±êÆ÷.

      1.18°æ
            º«ÎÄÒë°æ³öÀ´ÁË; ¶ÔMIPSÆ½Ì¨ÉÏµÄÒôÐ§Ö§Ô®ÓÐÁË¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶;
            ¸üÐÂ¶àÆ¬ÒôÐ§¿¨Ö§Ô®µÄ×ÊÑ¶;ÒªÒÔrootÉí·ÝÖ´ÐÐfuser.

1.3  ±¾ÖÐÎÄ°æ°æ±¾ÑØ¸ï

      1.15°æ
            ×î³õµÄÒë±¾, µ«²¢Ã»ÓÐÀ´µÃ¼°¹«¿ª.

      1.16°æ
            µÚÒ»¸ö¹«¿ªµÄÒë°æ, ÒÔÊÔÒë·½Ê½½øÐÐ.

      1.17°æ
            Ê×´Î¸ÄÎªSGML¸ñÊ½.

      1.18°æ
            ºÍÉÏÒ»°æ²îÃ»¼¸Ìì; ÐÞÕýÁËÉÏÒ»°æµÄ¼¸¸ö±àÅÅ´íÎó;
            µÚÒ»´Î¼ÓÉÏ±¾ÖÐÎÄ°æÑØ¸ï.

1.4  ×îÐÂ°æ±¾ºÎ´¦Ñ°?

±¾ÎÄ¼þÖ®×îÐÂ°æ±¾½«¶¨ÆÚÕÅÌùì¶ comp.os.linux.answers ÐÂÎÅ×é;
ËüÒ²»á·Åµ½ºÜ¶à±£´æÕâÀà×ÊÑ¶µÄÄäÃûftpÕ¾,ÖîÈç <URL:ftp://sun
site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/>

±¾ÎÄ¼þ¼°ÆäËüHOWTOÎÄ¼þµÄ³¬ÎÄ×Ö°æÒ²·ÅÔÚºÜ¶àWWWÕ¾Ì¨ÉÏ,°üÀ¨<URL:http://sun
site.unc.edu/mdw/mdw.html> ºÜ¶àLinuxµÄCD-ROMÒ²ÄÚº¬HOW
TOÎÄ¼þ,Í¨³£·ÅÔÚ/usr/doc/Ä¿Â¼ÏÂ. ÓÐÊ±ÔÚCD-ROM ÉÏµÄ, »òÁÐÓ¡µÄ,
»òÔÚftpÕ¾ÀïµÄ»áÊÇ¹ýÊ±µÄ°æ±¾. Èç¹ûÔÚ±¾ HOWTO ÉÏµÄÈÕÆÚÒÑ¾à½ñ³¬¹ý Áù¸öÔÂ,
ÄÇ÷áÔÚInternetÉÏ¿ÉÄÜÒÑ¾ÓÐÐÂ°æÁË.

±¾ÎÄµÄ·¨ÎÄÒë±¾ÔÚ <URL:ftp://ftp.ibp.fr/pub2/linux/french/docs/HOWTO/>

±¾ÎÄµÄÈÕÎÄÒë±¾ÔÚ <URL:http://yebisu.ics.es.osaka-u.ac.jp/linux/>

±¾ÎÄµÄÒå´óÀûÎÄÒë±¾ÔÚ <URL:http://www.psico.unipd.it/ildp/docs/HOWTO/Sound-
HOWTO.html>

±¾ÎÄµÄÎ÷°àÑÀÎÄÒë±¾ÔÚ <URL:http://www.insflug.nova.es/how
tos/online/sonido/sonido-COMO.html>

±¾ÎÄµÄÖÐÒë±¾ÔÚ <URL:http://linux.ntcic.edu.tw/~yorkwu/linux/howto/sound/>

±¾ÎÄµÄº«ÎÄÒë±¾ÔÚ<URL:http://members.iWorld.net/mangchi/HOWTO/Sound-HOWTO.html>

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       4

¶àÊý±¾ÎÄ¼þ¼°ÆäËüµÄ Linux HOWTO µÄ·Òë°æÒ²¿ÉÒÔÔÚ <URL:http://sun
site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/> ÒÔ¼° <URL:ftp://sun
site.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/translations/>ÕÒµ½.

Èç¹ûÄã½«±¾ÎÄ¼þ·×öÆäËüÓïÑÔ, Çë¸æËßÎÒ, ÎÒ»áÔÚÕâÀïÌæËü×ö¸öÁ¬½á.

1.5  »ØÀ¡

Õâ·ÝHOWTOÎÄ¼þ, ÐèÒª¸÷Î»¶ÁÕß°ïÖú, ²ÅÄÜÔ½À´Ô½ºÃÓÃ. Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÈÎºÎ½¨Òé, ÐÞÕý, »òÒâ¼û
, Çë½«Ëü»Ø¸øÎÒ,jeff_tranter@pobox.com.  ÎÒ½«»áÔÚÏÂÒ»°æÖÐÊÔÖø¼ÓÈëÕâÐ©Òâ¼û.

(Òë×¢ : ¶Ô±¾ÖÐÎÄ°æµÄÒâ¼û, Çë¸æËßÒëÕßyorkwu@ms4.hinet.net.)

ÎÒÒ²ºÜÀÖÒâ¾¡ÎÒÄÜÁ¦»Ø´ð¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§¿¨¼°LinuxµÄÒ»°ãÎÊÌâ. µ«ÔÚÕâÖ®Ç°, ÇëÏÈÄÍÐÄ¶ÁÍêÕâ
ÕûÆª HOWTO, È»ááÔÙ¸øÎÒºÍÕâÎÊÌâÏà¹ØµÄËùÓÐÏ¸½Ú×ÊÑ¶. Çë²»ÒªÎÊÎÒÔÚ·ÇLinux×÷ÒµÏµÍ³
ÏÂ¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§¿¨µÄÎÊÌâ.

Èç¹ûÄúÔÚÎ¨¶Á¹âµúÉÏ»òÒÔÓ²¿½±´ÐÎÊ½·¢ÐÐ´ËÎÄ¼þ, »¶Ó¸½ËÍÒ»·Ý¹ýÀ´. Çë¼Äµ½ÎÒµÄÊÕÐÅµØ
Ö·. Ò²Çë¿¼ÂÇÒ»ÏÂ¶Ô Linux ÎÄ¼þ¼Æ»×÷µã·îÏ×, ÒÔÖ§³Ö Linux µÄÃâ·ÑÎÄ¼þ. ÇëºÍLinux
HOWTO Ðµ÷ÈË Greg Hankings ( gregh@sunsite.unc.edu )ÁªÂçÒÔµÃµ½¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶.

1.6  É¢²¼Ê±µÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî

Ô×÷°æÈ¨Îª Jeff Tranter (1995-1997) ËùÓÐ.

ÖÐÎÄ°æ°æÈ¨ÎªÎéÓÀ¿µ¼° Jeff Tranter (1997) ËùÓÐ.

Õâ·Ý HOWTO ÊÇÃâ·ÑÎÄ¼þ; Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚºÏì¶ FSF (×ÔÓÉÈíÌå»ù½ð»á)³ö°æµÄ GNU GPL (Ò»°ã¹«
¿ªÊÚÈ¨)Ö®¹æ¶¨ÏÂÖØÐÂÉ¢²¥¼°/»òÐÞ¸ÄËü; Äú¿ÉÒÔ×ÔÓÉ¾ö¶¨ÊÊÓÃ GPL 2.0 »òÖ®ááµÄÈÎºÎ°æ
±¾.

Õâ·ÝÎÄ¼þÎÒÃÇÏ£Íû¶ÔÄúÓÐÓÃ, µ«ÎÒÃÇ²»Ìá¹©ÈÎºÎ±£Ö¤, ¼´Ê¹ÊÇÉÌÒµÉÏ
»òºÏì¶Ä³ÌØÊâÓÃÍ¾µÄÒþº¬±£Ö¤ÒàÈ». ÏêÇéÇë¿´ GNU Ò»°ã¹«¿ªÊÚÈ¨Êé.

ÒªÈ¡µÃ GNU Ò»°ã¹«¿ªÊÚÈ¨Êé(Ó¢ÎÄ°æ), Äú¿ÉÒÔ¼ÄÐÅµ½ Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139,USA.

2.  ÒôÐ§¿¨¼¼Êõ

ÎªÁËÓÐÖúì¶Äã¶Ô±¾ÎÄááÃæ½²µ½µÄÓÐÐ©ÁË½â, ÕâÒ»½Ú¼òÂÔµØÌáÒ»ÏÂµçÄÔÒôÐ§¼¼ÊõµÄ¸ÅÒª.
Èç¹ûÏë½øÒ»²¿ÁË½â, ÇëÕÒÊýÎ»ÒôÑ¶»òÊýÎ»ÐÅºÅ´¦ÀíµÄÏà¹ØÊé¼®.

ÉùÒôÊÇÒ»ÖÖÀà±ÈµÄÏÖÏó; Ëü¿ÉÄÜÊÇÔÚÁ¬Ðø¡õÎ§ÄÚµÄÈÎÒâÖµ. È»¶øµçÄÔÈ´ÊÇÊýÎ»µÄ,
Ö»ÄÜ¶Ô¸¶¡õÎ§ÖÐµÄ¼¸¸öµã. ÎªÁËÈÃÉùÒôÄÜ´æ½ø¼ÇÒäÌå, ÒôÐ§¿¨ÓÃÁËÒ»ÖÖ½ÐÀà
±È/ÊýÎ»×ª»»Æ÷(A/D»òADC), ½«Éù²¨ÐÅºÅ(ÒÔµçÑ¹±íÊ¾)×ª»»³ÉÊý×ÖÒÔ¹©´¢´æ. ÁíÍâÒ²ÓÃÒ»¸ö
ÊýÎ»/Àà±È×ª»»Æ÷(D/A»òDAC)½«Êý×Ö·´¹ýÀ´×ª»»³ÉµçÑ¹, ËÍ½øÀ®°È, ·¢³öÉùÒô.

ÓÉÀà±È×ª»»³ÉÊýÎ»µÄ¹ý³Ì, ½Ð×÷È¡Ñù, »á²úÉúÒ»Ð©Îó²î. ÓÐÁ½¸öÒòËØ¾ö¶¨×ª»»¹ýµÄÉùÒô×ª
µÃ¶àºÃ. ÆäÒ»ÊÇÈ¡ÑùÂÊ, ÊÇÔÚµ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚ, Ó²Ìå¶ÔÉùÒô×÷¼¸´ÎÈ¡Ñù(Í¨³£ÓÃÃ¿Ãë
¼¸´Î»òºÕ×ÈÎªµ¥Î»). ½ÏµÍµÄÈ¡ÑùÂÊÈ¡³öµÄÉùÒô¾Í±È½Ï²»×¼È·. Æä¶þÊÇÑù±¾´óÐ¡, ÊÇÃ¿Ò»´Î
È¡ÑùµÄÓÐÐ§¡õÎ§, Í¨³£ÓÃbit±íÊ¾. ÓÐÐ§¡õÎ§Ô½´ó, ¾ÍÄÜÈ¡³ö½Ï×¼È·µÄÊýÎ»»¯ÉùÒô.

ÒôÐ§¿¨Ò»°ãÓÃ8»ò16 bitÈ¡Ñù, È¡ÑùÂÊÔòÔÚ4000-44000HzÖ®¼ä. È¡ÑùÒ²·ÖÎªµ¥ÉùµÀ(µ¥Òô)

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       5

»òË«ÉùµÀ(Á¢ÌåÉù).

FMºÏ³ÉÊÇ²úÉúÉùÒôµÄ¾É·½·¨. Ëü°Ñ²»Í¬µÄ²¨ÐÍ(ÕýÏÒ²¨,·½²¨,Èý½Ç²¨µÈ)×éºÏÆðÀ´
²úÉúÉùÑ¶. FMºÏ³ÉÓ²ÌåÉÏ±È½Ï¼òµ¥, µ«ÊÇ½ÏÄÑ³ÌÊ½»¯, Ò²½ÏÃ»µ¯ÐÔ. ºÜ¶àÒôÐ§¿¨ÈÔÌá¹©FM
ºÏ³ÉÒÔºÍ¹ýÈ¥µÄÒôÐ§¿¨¼°ÈíÌåÏàÈÝ. Í¨³£»áÌá¹©¼¸×é¶ÀÁ¢µÄÉùÒô²úÉúÆ÷¼°ÓïÒô.

²¨ÐÍ±íºÏ³É¼¯ºÏÁËD/A×ª»»µÄµ¯ÐÔ¼°FMºÏ³ÉµÄ¶àÆµµÀÄÜÁ¦. ÓÃÕâÖÖ·½·¨, ÊýÎ»Óï
Òô¿ÉÒÔÏÂÔØµ½×¨ÓÃµÄ¼ÇÒäÌåÄÚ, ÔÚ²»Ì«ÐèÒªCPU¸ºÔØµÄÇé¿öÏÂ²¥·Å, ºÏ²¢¼°ÐÞ¸Ä. ×îÐÂÈñµÄ
ÒôÐ§¿¨¶¼Ö§Ô®²¨ÐÍ±íºÏ³É.

¶àÊýÒôÐ§¿¨Ìá¹©»ìÒôÄÜÁ¦, ¿É½«²»Í¬Ñ¶ºÅÀ´Ô´µÄÉùÒô¼ÓÒÔºÏ²¢, ²¢¿ØÖÆÔöÒæ Ç¿¶È.

MIDIÊÇÖ¸ÀÖÆ÷ÊýÎ»½éÃæ(Musical Instrument Digital Interface), ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¿ÉÒÔ
ÈÃÀÖÆ÷±Ë´Ë¹µÍ¨µÄÈíÓ²Ìå½éÃæ. ÔÚMIDI busÉÏ´«ËÍµÄÊÂ¼þ¿ÉÒÔ´æ³ÉMIDIµµ, ¹©ÈÕááÐÞ¸Ä¼°
ÖØ²¥. ºÜ¶àÒôÐ§¿¨Ìá¹©MIDI½éÃæ, ¼´Ê¹Ã»ÓÐ, ¿¿ÒôÐ§¿¨±¾ÉíµÄÄÜÁ¦, ÈÔÈ»¿ÉÒÔ²¥·ÅMIDIµµ.

MODµµÊÇµçÄÔ²úÉú¸èÇú³£ÓÃµÄ¸ñÊ½. ³ýÁË¼ÇÂ¼Òô·ûÍâ, µµ°¸Ò²¼ÇÂ¼ÁËÀÖÆ÷(»òÓïÒô
)µÄÊýÎ»È¡Ñù. MODµµÊÇÓÉAmigaµçÄÔÀ´µÄ, µ«Ö»ÒªÓÐÊÊµ±µÄÈíÌå, ÔÚ°üÀ¨LinuxµÄÆäËüÏµÍ³
ÉÏÒ²ÄÜ²¥·Å.

3.  Ö§Ô®µÄÓ²Ìå

ÕâÒ»½ÚÁÐ³öÄ¿Ç°LinuxÖ§Ô®µÄÒôÐ§¿¨¼°ÒôÐ§½éÃæ, ÒÔ×«Ð´Ê±×îÐÂµÄLinuxºËÐÄÎª»ù×¼.

ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÐËü×Ô¼ºµÄ°æ±¾ºÅÂë. ×îÐÂµÄÎÈ¶¨°æLinuxºËÐÄÊÇ2.0.31°æ, Ê¹ÓÃ
3.5.4-960630°æÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½.

ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½×÷Õß, Hannu Savolainen, ¾³£ÔÚËÍ³ö±ê×¼LinuxºËÐÄµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½
Ç°ÏÈÍÆ³ö¸üÐÂµÄbeta°æÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½. ×îÐÂµÄÖ§Ô®ÁÐ±íÔÚ <URL:http://www.4front-
tech.com/ossfree/new_cards.html>(ÃÀ¹ú) »ò<URL:http://per
sonal.eunet.fi/pp/voxware/new_cards.html>(Å·ÖÞ).
ËüÃÇ»á¸æËßÄãÄÄÖÖ¿¨ÒªÄÄÒ»°æÒÔÉÏµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, »òÖ§Ô®»¹ÔÚ½øÐÐÖÐ. °üº¬ÔÚºËÐÄÖÐµÄµµ°¸
/usr/src/linux/drivers/sound/Readme.cardsÒ²»áÁÐ³öÖ§Ô®µÄ¿¨, ²»¹ýËü²»¼û
µÃÊÇ×îÐÂµÄ.

ÔÚÕâ·ÝHOWTOÀïµÄ×ÊÑ¶¶ÔIntelÆ½Ì¨µÄLinuxÓÐÐ§.

Õâ¸öÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ó¦¸ÃÒ²¶Ô¶àÊýAlphaÆ½Ì¨ÉÏµÄÒôÐ§¿¨ÓÐÐ§. È»¶ø, ÓÐÐ©¿¨ËäÈ»ÔÚi386»úÆ÷
ÉÏÓÃµÄºÃºÃµÄ, Æ«Æ«¾ÍºÍAlphaÉÏµÄÆäËüÉè±¸I/OÎ»Ö·Ïà³å. ËùÒÔ³ý·ÇÇ××Ô³¢ÊÔ¹ý, ²»È»Ò²
²»ÄÜÈ·¶¨Ò»Æ¬ÒôÐ§¿¨ÄÜ²»ÄÜÓÃ.

ÔÚ×«Ð´ÕâÆªÊ±, ÕâÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÉÐ²»Ö§Ô®PowerPC°æµÄLinux, ²»¹ý½«À´Ó¦¸Ã»áÖ§Ô®.

ÔÚMIPSÆ½Ì¨µÄLinux¿ÉÒÔ½«ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½¹Ò½øºËÐÄ, ÓÐ²¿·ÝMIPS»úÆ÷ÓÐEISA²å²Û,
»òÕßÄÚ½¨µÄ·¢ÒôÓ²Ìå. LinuxµÄMIPS group¸æËßÎÒ,ÔÚ½«À´ËûÃÇºÜÓÐÐËÈ¤¼ÓÈë¶ÔÒôÐ§µÄÖ§Ô®.

Linux ºËÐÄÒ²Îª Atari ¼° Amiga Æ½Ì¨µÄ Linux Ìá¹©ÁËºÍ Intel Æ½Ì¨ÏàÈÝ, µ«Ê¹ÓÃÕâ
Ð©»úÆ÷±¾ÉíÄÚ½¨ÒôÐ§Ó²ÌåµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ (Òë×¢: Õâ¶Î¿ÉÄÜºÍÔÎÄÒâË¼ÓÐ³öÈë)

SPARCÆ½Ì¨µÄLinuxÄ¿Ç°»¹Ã»ÓÐÖ§Ô®ÒôÐ§. (ÈçÍ¬Amiga¼°Atari, SPARC»úÆ÷ÓÐÄÚ½¨µÄÒôÐ§Ó²
Ìå, ËùÒÔÐ´¸öÐÂÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½¾Í¿ÉÒÔÁË)

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       6

3.1  ÒôÐ§¿¨

ÒÔÏÂÒôÐ§¿¨ÎªLinuxºËÐÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ö§Ô®:

   · ATI Stereo F/X (Í£²ú)

   · AdLib (Í£²ú)

   · Ensoniq SoundScape (¼°ÓÉRevealºÍSpeaÉú²úµÄÏàÈÝ¿¨)

   · Gravis Ultrasound

   · Gravis Ultrasound ACE

   · Gravis Ultrasound Max

   · Gravis Ultrasound with 16 bit sampling option

   · Logitech Sound Man 16

   · Logitech SoundMan Games

   · Logitech SoundMan Wave

   · MAD16 Pro (OPTi 82C928, 82C929, 82C930, 82C924 ¾§Æ¬)

   · Media Vision Jazz16

   · MediaTriX AudioTriX Pro

   · Microsoft Windows Sound System (MSS/WSS)

   · Mozart (OAK OTI-601)

   · Orchid SW32

   · Personal Sound System (PSS)

   · Pro Audio Spectrum 16

   · Pro Audio Studio 16

   · Pro Sonic 16

   · Roland MPU-401 MIDI interface

   · Sound Blaster 1.0

   · Sound Blaster 16

   · Sound Blaster 16ASP

   · Sound Blaster 2.0

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       7

   · Sound Blaster AWE32

   · Sound Blaster Pro

   · TI TM4000M notebook

   · ThunderBoard

   · Turtle Beach Tropez ("classic"µ«·ÇPlus)

   · Turtle Beach Maui

   · Yamaha FM synthesizers (OPL2, OPL3 and OPL4)

   · 6850 UART MIDI Interface

Òª×¢ÒâµÄÊÇËæ²å¼´ÓÃ(PnP)ÒôÐ§¿¨²¢²»ÍêÈ«ºÍ½Ï¾ÉµÄ, ·ÇPnPµÄÍ¬ÐÍ¿¨ÏàÈÝ. ÀýÈçËµ,
SoundBlaster16 PnP¾Í¾ÍÃ»ÓÐºÍÔÀ´µÄSoundBlaster16ÍêÈ«ÏàÈÝ. Í¬Àí¿ÉÖ¤ Soundscape
PnP¼°GUS PnPµÄÇé¿öÒ²Ò»Ñù. ÔÚááÃæÎÒÃÇ»áÌáµ½¹Øì¶Ëæ²å¼´ÓÃµÄ¸ü½øÒ»²½×ÊÑ¶.

ÒÔÏÂµÄ¿¨Ã»ÓÐÖ§Ô®, ÔÒò²»ÍâºõËüÃÇÌ«¾É»ò³§ÉÌ²»¸øÐ´Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ËùÐèµÄ³ÌÊ½Éè ¼Æ×ÊÑ¶.

   · Pro Audio Spectrum (ÔÊ¼°æ)

   · Pro Audio Spectrum+

   · Diamond ÖÆµÄÔçÆÚÒôÐ§¿¨ (Ê¹ÓÃ Sierra Aria)

Other sound cards that are claimed to be compatible with one of the supported
sound cards may work if they are hardware (i.e. register level) compatible.

ÆäËüÐû³ÆºÍÓÐÖ§Ô®µÄ¿¨ÏàÈÝµÄ¿¨, Èç¹ûÊÇÓ²Ìå(ÔÝ´æÆ÷µÈ¼¶)ÏàÈÝµÄ»°, ¿ÉÄÜ Ò²ÄÜÓÃ.

ËäÈ»´ó¶àÊýÒôÐ§¿¨ºÅ³Æ``ºÍÉù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝ'', µ«ÄÜÓÃLinuxµÄÉù°Ô¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄ ¿¨ÉÙÖ®ÓÖÉÙ.
ÕâÐ©¿¨Èç¹ûÓÃMSS/WSS»òMAD16Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Í¨³£»á¸üºÃ. Ö»ÓÐÕæÕýÓÉCreative
Labs×öµÄÉù°Ô¿¨(ÓÃCreativeµÄ¾§Æ¬, ÈçSoundBlaster16 Vibra), »ò MV Jaz16 ¼°
ESS688/1688 µÄ¿¨²ÅÄÜÎÞÎÊÌâµÄÓÃÉù°Ô¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½. ÔÚËùÎ½``Éù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝµÄ16Î»Ôª
ÒôÐ§¿¨''ÉÏÓÃÉù°Ô¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ö»ÊÇÀË·ÑÊ±¼ä°ÕÁË.

LinuxºËÐÄÒ²Ö§Ô®ÔÚÒôÐ§¿¨ÉÏµÄSCSI½éÃæ(ProAudioSpectrum 16)¼°×¨Êô¹âµú»ú½éÃæ(ÈçÉù°Ô
¿¨Pro). Çë¿´LinuxSCSI HOWTO¼°CDROM HOWTOÎÄ¼þÒÔ×÷¸üÉîÈëÁË½â.

ÔÚÒôÐ§¿¨ÉÏ³£¼ûµÄÒ¡¡õ½éÃæ, Ò²ÓÐ¸öºËÐÄ¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×éÖ§Ô®.

×¢ÒâÕâÀïÌáµ½µÄSCSI,CD-ROM,Ò¡¡õ¼°ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½±Ë´ËÊÇÎÞ¹ØµÄ.

Ïë¶ÔÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½½øÒ»²½ÁË½â, Çë·µ½``²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ''½Ú, ÕÒHannu Savolainen µÄÍøÕ¾.

3.2  Ñ¡ÔñÐÔµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½

³ýÁËºËÐÄÄÚ½¨µÄÒÔÍâ, »¹ÓÐÐ©²»°üÀ¨ÔÚºËÐÄÖÐ, ``·ÇÕýÊ½''µÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½,
ËüÃÇ¿ÉÒÔÄÃÀ´È¡´ú±ê×¼ºËÐÄÄÚµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½.

4Front TechnologiesÓÐÂôÉÌÒµ°æµÄLinuxÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½. ËüÌá¹©ÁË±ÈLinuxºËÐÄÖÐµÄÃâ·Ñ°æ

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       8

»¹¶à²»ÉÙµÄ¹¦ÄÜ. ÇëÉÏ<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/> 4Front Technolo
giesµÄÍøÕ¾¿´¿´.

Markus Mummert (mum@mmk.e-technik.tu-muenchen.deÐ´ÁË¸ø Turtle Beach Multi
Sound(classic) , Tahiti, ¼°MontereyÒôÐ§¿¨ÓÃµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ÎÄ¼þÖÐÌáµ½:

     "It is designed for high quality hard disk recording/playback without
     losing sync even on a busy system. Other features such as wave syn
     thesis, MIDI and digital signal processor (DSP) cannot be used. Also,
     recording and playback at the same time is not possible. It currently
     replaces VoxWare and was tested on several kernel versions ranging
     from 1.0.9 to 1.2.1. Also, it is installable on UN*X SysV386R3.2 sys
     tems."

     (ËüÊÇÎª¸ßÆ·ÖÊÓ²µúÂ¼·ÅÒôÉè¼Æ, ¼´Ê¹ÏµÍ³¸ºÔØ´ó, Ò²²»»á×ßÒô.
     ÆäËüÈç²¨ÐÎºÏ³É, MIDI¼°ÊýÎ»ÐÅºÅ´¦ÀíÆ÷(DSP)Ôò²»ÄÜÊ¹ÓÃ.
     Ò²²»ÄÜÍ¬Ê±Â¼·ÅÒô. ËüÄ¿Ç°¿ÉÈ¡´úVoxWare , ²¢ÔÚ1.0.9µ½1.2.1°æºËÐÄ²âÊÔ¹ý.
     ËüÒ²¿ÉÒÔ×°ÔÚUN*X SysV386R3.2ÏµÍ³ÉÏ.)

¿ÉÔÚ<URL:http://www.cs.colorado.edu/~mccreary/tbeach>ÕÒµ½.

Kim Burgaard (burgaard@daimi.aau.dk Ð´ÁË¸øMPU-401ÓÃµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½¼°¹«ÓÃ³ÌÊ½. Linux
LSM ¸øÓèÈçÏÂµÄ½éÉÜ:

     "A device driver for true Roland MPU-401 compatible MIDI interfaces
     (including Roland SCC-1 and RAP-10/ATW-10). Comes with a useful col
     lection of utilities including a Standard MIDI File player and
     recorder.

     (Ò»¸ö¸øºÍMPU-401ÍêÈ«ÏàÈÝµÄMIDI½éÃæ(°üÀ¨Roland SCC-1¼°RAP-10/ATW-10)ÓÃ
     µÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½. Ò²¸½´øÁËºÃÓÃµÄ¹«ÓÃ³ÌÊ½,
     °üÀ¨±ê×¼µÄMIDIµµ²¥·ÅÆ÷¼°Â¼ÖÆ³ÌÊ½.)

     Numerous improvements have been made since version 0.11a. Among other
     things, the driver now features IRQ sharing policy and complies with
     the new kernel module interface. Metronome functionality, possibility
     for synchronizing e.g. graphics on a per beat basis without losing
     precision, advanced replay/record/overdub interface and much, much
     more."

     (´Ó0.11a°æÆð, ÓÖ½øÐÐÁË¶àÏî¸Ä½ø. ÆäÖÐ°üÀ¨ÁËIRQ¹²ÓÃ,
     »¹ÓÐ¿É±àÒëÎªºËÐÄÄ£×é.  ½ÚÅÄÆ÷¹¦ÄÜ¿É´ïµ½Ã¿Ò»ÅÄ¶¼Í¬²½¶ø²»É¥Ê§×¼¶È,
     ¸ÄÁ¼µÄÖØ²¥/Â¼Òô¼°overdub(?)  ½éÃæ¼°ºÜ¶àºÜ¶à.)

¿ÉÔÚ<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/mpu401-0.2.tar.gz> ÕÒµ½.

Jaroslav Kysela¼°ÆäËûÈËÎªGravis UltraSoundÒôÐ§¿¨Ð´ÁË¿ÉÑ¡µÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½. ¿ÉÒÔ´Ó
<URL:http://romeo.pf.jcu.cz/~perex/ultra>, Linux UltraSound¼Æ»µÄÍøÒ³ÕÒµ½
Ïà¹Ø×ÊÑ¶.

ÒôÐ§¿¨ÔÚLinuxÏÂ»¹ÓÐÒ»¸öÐÂÆæÓÃÍ¾ -- µ±×÷ÒµâÅÎÞÏßµç. ×î½üµÄ 2.1.x °æºËÐÄ°üº¬
ÁËÒ»¸ö¿ÉÓÃÉù°Ô¿¨¼°Windows Sound SystemÏàÈÝ¿¨À´Êµ×÷1200 bps AFSK ¼° 9600 bps FSK
·â°üÐ¶¨µÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½. ÏêÇéÇë¼û Linux AX25 HOWTO. (ÎÒ(×÷Õß)Ò²ÊÇ¸ö»ðÍÈ×å, Ì¨ºô
VE3ICH)

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                       9

3.3  PCÀ®°È

ÁíÍâ»¹ÓÐÒ»¸ö²»Òª¶îÍâÓ²ÌåµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ËüÀûÓÃPCÀ®°È. ËüºÍÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÈíÌåÉÏ´óÌåÏà
ÈÝ, µ«¿ÉÒÔÏë¼ûµÄ, ËüµÄÒôÖÊ²î¶àÁË, CPU¸ºµ£Ò²¸ß¶àÁË. Ëü²úÉúµÄ½á¹ûÊÓ¸÷±ðÀ®°ÈµÄÌØ
ÐÔ¶øÓÐºÜ´ó²î±ð. Çë¿´ÄÚ¸½µÄÎÄ¼þÒÔ¸üÉîµÄÁË½â.

Ä¿Ç°°æ±¾ÊÇ1.1, ¿ÉÔÚ <URL:ftp://ftp.infomatik.hu-berlin.de/pub/os/linux/hu-
sound/>ÕÒµ½.

3.4  Æ½ÐÐ(Ó¡±í»ú)²º

»¹ÓÐ¸öÑ¡Ôñ, ¾ÍÊÇÓÃÆ½ÐÐ²º¼ÓÉÏÒ»Ð©¶«Î÷×öÊýÎ»/Àà±È×ª»». ËüµÄÒôÖÊ±ÈPCÀ®°ÈºÃ, µ«CPU
¸ºÔØÈÔÏÓ¸ß. Ç°Ò»Ð¡½ÚÌáµ½µÄÀ®°ÈÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÐÖ§Ô®, Ëü»¹°üº¬ÁËÖÆÔìËùÐèÓ²ÌåµÄËµÃ÷.

4.  °²×°

ÒªÔÚLinuxÏÂÏíÓÃÒôÐ§, ±ØÐëÏÈ½øÐÐÒÔÏÂ²½Öè:

  1.  °²×°ÒôÐ§¿¨

  2.  ½¨ÔìºËÐÄ, Ê¹Ö®Ö§Ô®ÒôÐ§

  3.  ½¨ÔìÉè±¸µµ

  4.  Æô¶¯LinuxºËÐÄ, ²¢²âÊÔ

µ×ÏÂÎÒÃÇ½«¶ÔÃ¿Ò»²½×÷ÏêÏ¸½âËµ.

4.1  °²×°ÒôÐ§¿¨

°´ÕÕËµÃ÷ÊéµÄÖ¸Ê¾, °²×°Ó²Ìå, »òÊÇÇë³§ÉÌÀ´×°.

¾ÉµÄÒôÐ§¿¨Í¨³£ÓÐ¿ª¹Ø»òÌøÏß, ÒÔÉè¶¨IRQ, DMAÍ¨µÀµÈ, Çë°ÑÕâÐ©Éè¶¨¼ÇÏÂÀ´. Èç¹ûÄã²»
È·¶¨ÒªÔõ÷áµ÷, ¾ÍÕÕ³ö³§Öµ. ¿ÉÄÜµÄ»°, ±ÜÃâºÍÆäËüÉè±¸(ÈçÍøÂ·¿¨, SCSI¿¨, Æ½ÐÐ¼°´®ÁÐ
²º)Ïà³å.

ÈôÄãÔÚDOSÏÂÓÐÊ¹ÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨, Í¨³£Ó¦¸ÃÉè³ÉºÍDOSÏÂÒ»Ñù. ²»¹ýÓÐÐ©Çé¿öÏÂ(ÌØ±ðÊÇPnPµÄ
¿¨)Ò²¿ÉÄÜÒªÉè³ÉºÍDOS²»Ò»ÑùµÄÖµ. ÕâÊ±¿ÉÄÜÒªÊµÑéÒ»ÏÂ.

4.2  Éè¶¨ºËÐÄ

°²×°Ê±ÄúÓÃµÄÊÇÔ¤ÏÈ±àÒë¹ýµÄºËÐÄ, ËüÃÇÍ¨³£ÊÇ²»Ö§Ô®ÒôÐ§µÄ. ËùÒÔ×îºÃ×Ô¼º±àÒëÊÊºÏ×Ô
¼ºÓÃµÄºËÐÄ. ¶øÇÒ, ÄúÒ²¿ÉÄÜÏëÒª½å´ËÀ´Éý¼¶µ½¸üÐÂ°æµÄºËÐÄ, »òÊÇËõÐ¡ºËÐÄÌå»ý, Ôö¼Ó
¿ÉÓÃµÄ¼ÇÒäÌå.

ÔÚÈçºÎ½¨ÔìºËÐÄ·½Ãæ, ÄúÓ¦¸Ã²Î¿¼ Linux Kernel HOWTO.
ÎÒÔÚÕâÀïÖ»ÌáºÍÒôÐ§¿¨Ïà¹ØµÄ²¿·Ý.

Èç¹ûÄú»¹Ã»ÓÐ±àÒëºËÐÄ, ¼ÓÈëÒôÐ§Ö§Ô®µÄ¾Ñé, ÏÈ¶ÁÒ»ÏÂºËÐÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÀïµÄReadme
µµ(ÌØ±ðÊÇ¹Øì¶ÄúµÄÒôÐ§¿¨µÄ²¿·Ý)ÊÇ¸ö²»´íµÄÖ÷Òâ. ÒÔÏÂµµ°¸¿ÉÒÔÔÚºËÐÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½
µÄÄ¿Â¼ÖÐÕÒµ½, Í¨³£·ÅÔÚ/usr/src/linux/drivers/sound:

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      10

     CHANGELOG         - ¼ò½éÃ¿Ò»°æÖÐµÄ±ä¸ü
     COPYING           - ¿½±´¼°°æÈ¨ÏÞÖÆ
     Readme            - ×îÐÂ, ×îÖØÒªµÄÏûÏ¢
     Readme.aedsp16    - ¹Øì¶ Audio Excel DSP 16 ÒôÐ§¿¨µÄ×ÊÑ¶
     Readme.cards      - Éè¶¨ÒôÐ§¿¨µÄËµÃ÷
     Readme.linux      - °²×°ºËÐÄÒÔÍâÉ¢²¼µÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ö®×¢ÒâÊÂÏî
     Readme.modules    - ÈçºÎ×÷³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é
     Readme.v30        - 3.0 °æµÄÐÂ¹¦ÄÜ½éÉÜ
     experimental.txt  - ½²Ò»Ð©ÊµÑéÖÐµÄ¹¦ÄÜ

ÕÕÒ»°ãÔìºËÐÄµÄ³ÌÐòÀ´¾ÍºÃ. Ä¿Ç°Éè¶¨ºËÐÄÓÐÈýÖÖ½éÃæ¿ÉÑ¡Ôñ. ÓÃ ``make xconfig ''
¿É½Ð³öÔÚX11ÏÂµÄÍ¼ÐÎÉè¶¨½éÃæ; ÓÃ ``make menuconfig'' ÔòÊÇÎÄ×Ö Ä£Ê½µÄÑ¡µ¥½éÃæ;
×îÔÊ¼µÄ·½·¨, ÔòÊÇÓÃ ``make config'', Ìá¹©ÁË¼òµ¥µÄÎÄ ×ÖÎÊ´ð½éÃæ.

µ±ÓÃ``make xconfig''»ò``make menuconfig''Ê±, ËùÓÐYes/NoÎÊÌâ ¶¼ÒªÌØ±ðÐ¡ÐÄÈ·ÈÏ.
ÕâÐ©ÃüÁî¸øµÄÔ¤Éè´ð°¸¶¼ÊÇNo, Õâ²¢²»¼ûµÃ¾ÍÊÇÕýÈ·µÄÑ¡Ôñ. ÌØ±ðÊÇ ``/dev/dsp and
/dev/audio support'' (CONFIG_AUDIO) Ñ¡ÏîÍ¨³£ÊÇÒª´ò¿ª µÄ.

ÔÚÕâÆªÎÄ¼þÖÐ, ÎÒ¼ÙÉèÄãÓÃ´«Í³µÄÃüÁîÐÐÊ½ ``make config''À´×ö.
ËäÈ»ËµÆäÊµ±ðµÄ·½Ê½Ò²²î²»¶à.

Éè¶¨ÒôÐ§µÄ·½·¨Ò²ÓÐ¶þÔò. ÆäÒ», ``ÀÏ''·½·¨(ÔÚ2.0.0°åÒÔÇ°µÄºËÐÄÖ»ÄÜ ÓÃÕâ·½·¨),
Ê¹ÓÃÒ»¸öÄÚ¸½µÄÉè¶¨³ÌÊ½. ÕâÖÖ·½·¨¶Ô¶àÊýÒôÐ§¿¨ÓÐÓÃ, ³ýÁËÉÙÊýÐèÒª
¶îÍâ``µÍ½×''Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄ(ÈçmiroSOUND, AWE32, ¼°AEDSP16)ÒÔÍâ.

µÚ¶þÖÖÊÇ``ÐÂ''·½·¨, ËüºÍÉè¶¨ºËÐÄµÄÆäËü²¿·ÝÓÃµÄÑ¡µ¥½éÃæÓÐ½Ï¼ÑµÄÕûºÏÐÔ.
Õâ·½·¨¶ÔÒªÈÍÌåÏÂÔØµµµÄÒôÐ§¿¨ÎÞÐ§. ÕâÐ©¿¨°üÀ¨PSS, SM Wave, AudioTrix Pro ¼°
TurtleBeach Tropez/Maui¿¨, ¶Ô¸¶ËüÃÇÄãÖ»ºÃÓÃÀÏ·½·¨ÁË.

``make xconfig''Ò»¶¨ÓÃ``ÐÂ''·½·¨. ÔÚ``make menuconfig'' ÖÐ,
Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚÒôÐ§×Ó»ÃæÖÐÑ¡ÔñÓÃ``ÀÏ''·½·¨»ò``ÐÂ''·½·¨.  'make config'µÄÇé¿ö,
Ô¤ÉèÊÇÓÃ``ÀÏ''·½·¨, ²»¹ýÈç¹ûÄãÒÑ¾ÓÃ¹ý Ò»´Î``ÐÂ''·½·¨ÁË,
ÄÇ÷áËüÒ²»á¸Ä³ÉÓÃÐÂ·½·¨. Ö®ááÄãÈÔ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ'make menuconfig'ÖÐÇÐ»»»ØÀÏ·½·¨.

ÎÒÃÇ½¨ÒéÓÃ``make menuconfig''¼Ó``ÀÏ''·½·¨. ºÜ¶àÉè¶¨ÎÊÌâ¶¼
(ÖÁÉÙÒ»²¿·ÝÊÇ)ÓÉì¶ÎóÓÃÁËÐÂ·½·¨ËùÖÂ.

Ò²¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½×ö³ÉºËÐÄ¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é. ÎÒ½¨ÒéÒ»¿ªÊ¼ÏÈ²»Òª×ö³ÉÄ£×é, µÈ²âÊÔ¹ý¿É
ÓÃáá, ÔÙÊÔÊÔ°ÑËü×ö³ÌÄ£×é.

Ö´ÐÐ``make config''Ê±, ÒÔ``y''»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÎÊÌâ, ÒÔÆð¶¯ÒôÐ§Ö§Ô®.

     Sound card support (CONFIG_SOUND) [M/n/y/?]

ÕâÎÊÌâ´ðÍêáá, ÒôÐ§Éè¶¨³ÌÊ½»á±»±àÒë, Ö´ÐÐ. Ëü»áÎÊÄãÒªÄÇÐ©×°ÖÃ¼°Ñ¡Ïî. »Ø´ðÕâÐ©ÎÊ
ÌâÊ±ÒªÐ¡ÐÄ, Ç°Ãæ»Ø´ð´íÎó¿ÉÄÜááÃæµÄÎÊÌâ¾Í²»»áÎÊÁË. ÀýÈçËµ, Èç¹ûÄãÃ»ÓÐPAS16ÒôÐ§
¿¨, µÚÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ(PAS16)¾Í²»Òª´ð``yes''. ²»Òª¼ÓÈë±ÈÄã»áÓÃÉÏµÄ¿¨»¹¶àµÄÇý ¶¯³ÌÊ½,
ÕâÖ»»áÀË·Ñ¼ÇÒäÌå. ÓÐÐ©Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½(ÏñMPU-401)¿ÉÄÜ»áºÍÄãµÄSCSI¿¨Ïà³å, ½á¹û ¿ª²»ÁË»ú.

×÷ÕßÔÚ´Ë¼ò¶ÌµÄÐðÊö¸÷¸öÉè¶¨Ñ¡ÏîµÄÒâÒå. ¶ÔÃ¿Ò»¸öÎÊÌâÇëÒÔ``y''(yes)»ò
``n''(no)×÷´ð. ÀïÃæ»áÏÔÊ¾Ô¤¶¨´ð°¸, Èç``[Y/n/?]''±íÊ¾ Ô¤¶¨``y''
¶ø``[N/y/?]''±íÊ¾Ô¤¶¨ÊÇ``n''. Äã¿ÉÒÔ Ö±½Ó°´EnterÑ¡Ô¤¶¨µÄ´ð°¸,
µ«¼Ç×¡Ô¤¶¨´ð°¸²»Ò»¶¨ÊÇ¶ÔµÄ.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      11

ÊäÈëÎÊºÅ(``?'')»á¸øÄã¶Ô´ËÑ¡ÏîµÄ¼ò¶ÌµÄÃèÊö.

Ò²×¢ÒâÒ»ÏÂ²»¼ûµÃÃ¿¸öÎÊÌâ¶¼»áÎÊ, Éè¶¨³ÌÊ½¿ÉÄÜ»áÒÀ¾ÝÇ°ÃæµÄÑ¡Ôñ¶ø×Ô¶¯È¡Ïû»òÉè¶¨Ä³
Ð©Ñ¡Ïî.

      Old configuration exists in /etc/soundconf. Use it [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãÒÔÇ°ÓÐÉè¶¨¹ýÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ÄúµÄÉè¶¨»á±»´æÆðÀ´.
            Èç¹ûÄúÏëÖ±½ÓÓÃÉÏ´ÎµÄÉè¶¨, »Ø´ð``y''.
            Èç¹ûÄúÏë×÷Ð©¸Ä±ä»ò»»ÁËÐÂ°æºËÐÄ, ÄúÓ¦¸Ã»Ø´ð ``n''
            ²¢¼ÌÐøÏÂÃæµÄÉè¶¨³ÌÐò.

      ProAudioSpectrum 16 support [Y/n/?]
            Ö»ÓÐµ±ÄúÓÐProAudio Spectrum 16, ProAudio Studio 16»òÂÞ¼¼ SoundMan
            16 Ê±, ´ð'y'. Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÆäËüMedia Vision»òÂÞ¼¼µÄ¿¨, »¹ÊÇÇë»Ø´ð'n',
            ÒòÎªËüÃÇ²¢²»ºÍ PAS16ÏàÈÝ.

      SoundBlaster support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÕæÕýÓÉCreative LabsÖÆµÄÉù°Ô¿¨»ò100%Ó²ÌåÏàÈÝ(Èç Thunderboard
            »ò SM Games )¿¨, »Ø´ð'y'. Èç¹ûÄúµÄ¿¨ÔÚÖ§Ô®Ö®ÁÐ, ÇëÏÈ¿´Readme.card
            sÖÐºÍ¿¨Ïà¹ØµÄÖ¸Ê¾ ÔÙ»Ø´ð. ¶ÔÍêÈ«²»ÖªµÀµÄ¿¨,
            Èç¹ûËü¼á³ÆÊÇºÍÉù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝ, Äã¿ÉÒÔ»Ø´ð'y'.

      Gravis Ultrasound support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄúÓÐGUS»òGUS Max,»Ø´ð'y'. ²»È»¾Í»Ø´ð'n',
            Õâ¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½³Ô¼ÇÒäÌå³ÔµÃÐ×.

      MPU-401 support (NOT for SB16) [Y/n/?]
            ÕâÎÊÌâÒªÐ¡ÐÄ. ¼¸ºõËùÓÐµÄ¿¨¶¼Ö§Ô®MPU-401 MIDI½éÃæ, È»¶ø,
            ÓÐÐ©¿¨ÐèÒª×¨ÊôµÄÇý¶¯³Ì Ê½. ÔÚÕâÖÖ¿¨ÉÏ¿ªÆôÕâ¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½»áÔì³É³åÍ».
            ÔÚÃ»ÓÐMPU-401µÄµçÄÔÉÏÊ¹ÓÃÕâ¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ Ò²»áÔì³ÉÂé·³.
            Èç¹ûÄãµÄ¿¨ÔÚÖ§Ô®Ö®ÁÐ, ¿´Readme.cardsµµÖÐµÄÖ¸Ê¾. Èç¹ûÄãÓÐ
            ÕæÕýµÄMPU-401 MIDI½éÃæ¿¨, ÄÇ¾Í¿ÉÒÔ·ÅÐÄ»Ø´ð'y'.

      6850 UART Midi support [Y/n/?]
            ×îºÃ»Ø´ð'n'. 6850 UART ½éÃæÉõÉÙ±»ÓÃµ½.

      PSS (ECHO-ADI2111) support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÐOrchid SW32, Cardinal DSP16»òÆäËüÓÃPSS¾§Æ¬×é(AD1848
            ±à½âÂëÆ÷ + ADSP-2115 DSP¾§Æ¬ + Echo ESC614 ASIC¾§Æ¬)µÄ¿¨, ´ð'y',
            ²»È»´ð'n'.

      16 bit sampling option of GUS (not GUS MAX) [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄúµÄGUSÉÏÓÐ×°16 bitÈ¡Ñù×Ó¿¨, »Ø´ð'y'. Èç¹ûÄúÓÐGUS MAX, »Ø´ð
            'n'. Æô¶¯Õâ¸ö¾Í »á¹Ø±ÕGUS MAX.

      GUS MAX support [Y/n/?]
            ³ý·ÇÄãÓÐGUS Max, ²»È»»Ø´ð'n'°É!

      Microsoft Sound System support [Y/n/?]
            Ò»ÑùÇëÏÈÈýË¼ÔÙ´ð. Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÎ¢ÈíÖÆµÄÔ°æWindows Sound Sys
            tem¿¨»òAztech SG 16 Pro (»òNX16 Pro)µÄ»°, ¿É·ÅÐÄ»Ø´ð'y'.
            Èç¹ûÄãµÄÒôÐ§¿¨²»ÔÚÉÏÃæËùÁÐ, Ò²¿ÉÒÔ´ð'y'ÊÔÊÔ.
            ¶ÔVoxWareÖ§Ô®µÄ¿¨ÇëÏÈ¿´Readme.cards.
            ÓÐÐ©Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÒ»Ì×Çý¶¯MSSµÄ ·½·¨, Æð¶¯Õâ¸ö»áÔì³É³åÍ».

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      12

      Ensoniq Soundscape support[Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãµÄ¿¨ÓÃµÄÊÇEnsonic Soundscape¾§Æ¬, »Ø´ð'y'. ÕâÖÖ¿¨ÖÁÉÙÓÐEn
            soniq, Spea ¼° Reveal(Ò²×ö±ðÖÖ¿¨)ÔÚÖÆÔì.

      MediaTriX AudioTriX Pro support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÐAudioTrix ProµÄ»°, ´ð'y'.

      Support for MAD16 and/or Mozart based cards?
            Èç¹ûÄãÊÇÓÃÄªÔúÌØÒôÐ§¿¨(OAK OTI-601)»òMAD16(Opti
            82c928»ò82c929)ÒôÐ§½éÃæ¾§Æ¬. Õâ ÖÖ¾§Æ¬·Ç³£ÆÕ±é,
            ËùÒÔÒ»Ð©ÎÞÅÆ¿¨Ò²Ðí¾ÍÓÃËü. ³ý´ËÖ®Íâ, MAD16Ò²±»Ò»Ð©ÖªÃû³§ÉÌÏñ Turtle
            Beach(Tropez), Reveal(¼¸ÖÖÐÍÊ½), ¼° Dia
            mond(×îÐÂµÄ)ÓÃÀ´·ÅÔÚËûÃÇµÄ¿¨ÉÏ.

      Support for Crystal CS4232 based (PnP) cards [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãµÄ¿¨ÓÃCrystal CS4232¾§Æ¬, ´ð'y'.

      Support for Turtle Beach Wave Front (Maui, Tropez) synthesizers [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÉÏÃæÁÐ³öµÄ¿¨²ÅÑ¡'y'.

      SoundBlaster Pro support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãµÄ¿¨ÊÇÉù°Ô¿¨Pro»òÉù°Ô¿¨16, ´ð'y'.
            ¶ÔÉù°Ô¿¨ProÏàÈÝµÄÒ²¿ÉÒÔÓÃËü. »Ø´ð'n'Ê¡ Ò»µã¼ÇÒäÌå,
            µ«'y'Ò²ÊÇ°²È«µÄÑ¡Ôñ.

      SoundBlaster 16 support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãµÄ¿¨ÊÇÉù°Ô¿¨16(°üÀ¨AWE32), ´ð'y'.

      Audio Excel DSP 16 initialization support [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÃAudio Excel DSP16µÄ»°, ´ð'y'.
            Çë¿´Readme.aedsp16ÒÔ»ñµÃ¸ü¶à×Ê Ñ¶.

È»ááÉè¶¨³ÌÊ½»áÎÊÄã¹Øì¶¸ß½×·þÎñ·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌâ. ½¨Òé¶ÔÃ¿Ò»Ïî¶¼´ð'y', ³ý·ÇÄãºÜ
Ã÷°×Äã²»»áÓÃµ½Õâ¹¦ÄÜ²Å´ð'n'.

      /dev/dsp and /dev/audio support (usually required) [Y/n/?]
            »Ø´ð'n'µÄ»°, /dev/dsp¼°/dev/audio(¼°A/D¼°D/A×ª»»×°ÖÃ)¾Í²»ÄÜ ÓÃÁË.
            »Ø´ð'y'°É!

      MIDI interface support [Y/n/?]
            »Ø´ð'n'Ôò»áÈÃ/dev/midixx¼°Ê¹ÓÃ/dev/sequencerºÍ/dev/musicµÄMIDIÁ¬½Ó²ºÊ§Ð§.
            ÕâÑ¡ÏîÒ²»áÓ°ÏìMPU-401¼°General MIDIÏàÈÝÉè±¸.

      FM synthesizer (YM3812/OPL-3) support [Y/n/?]
            ÔÚÕâÇë»Ø´ð'y'.

      /dev/sequencer support [Y/n/?]
            »Ø´ð'n'¾Í»áÈÃ/dev/sequencer¼°/dev/musicÊ§Ð§.

      Do you want support for the mixer of SG NX Pro ?
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÐSoundGalaxy NXÒôÐ§¿¨, ÏëÖ§Ô®ËüµÄÑÓÉì»ìÒô¹¦ÄÜµÄ»°, ´ð'y'.

      Do you want support for the MV Jazz16 (ProSonic etc.) ?
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÐMV Jazz16(ProSonicµÈ), ´ð'y'.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      13

      Do you have a Logitech SoundMan Games [Y/n/?]
            Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÂÞ¼¼SoundMan GamesÒôÐ§¿¨, ´ð'y'.

ÒÔÉÏÎÊÌâÎÊÍêáá, Éè¶¨³ÌÊ½ÌáÊ¾Äã»Ø´ðºÍ¿¨Ïà¹ØµÄÉè¶¨ÎÊÌâ. Í¨³£Ö»ÎÊI/OÎ»Ö·, IRQ¼°DMA
ºÅÂë. ¶ÔÄ³Ð©¿¨»áÒªÄãÓÃÒ»Ð©ÆôÊ¼Ê±ÐèÒªµÄµµ°¸. ÕâÊÇÓÃÔÚÒ»Ð©±ØÐëÔØÈë³ÌÊ½(Î¢Âë)ÒÔÆð
¶¯µÄDSP¾§Æ¬»òÎ¢´¦ÀíÆ÷. ÓÐÊ±ÕâÐ´ÔÚ.hµµÀï, ÔÚ±àÒëÊ±¼ÓÈëÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Àï. Í¬Ñù,
¶ÁReadme.cardsÖÐ¹Øì¶ÄãµÄ¿¨µÄ²¿·ÝÒÔ±ãÁË½â¸ü¶à.

×îááËü»áËµ:

     The sound driver is now configured.
     Save copy of this configuration to /etc/soundconf [Y/n/?]
     (ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÒÑ¾Éè¶¨Íê±Ï.
     Òª²»Òª½«Éè¶¨´æµ½/etc/soundconf [Y/n/?])

Õý³£×´¿öÏÂÄã»á´ð'y', ÕâÑùÒ»À´, ½ñááÄãÖØ±àÒëºËÐÄµÄ»°, ¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÓÃÉÏ´ÎµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯
³ÌÊ½Éè¶¨.

Èç¹ûÄãÓÉ¾É°æµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Éý¼¶, È·¶¨/usr/include/sys/soundcard.h¼°
/usr/include/sys/ultrasound.hÒÔ·ûºÅÁ¬½áÁ¬µ½/usr/include/linux ÏÂµÄÍ¬Ãûµµ°¸,
»òÊÇËüÃÇ·Ö±ð°üº¬#include <linux/soundcard.h>¼°#include <linux/ultrasound.h>

ÄãÏÖÔÚÒÑ×¼±¸ºÃ, ¿ÉÒÔ±àÒë¼°°²×°ÐÂºËÐÄÁË.

4.3  ½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµ

ÎªÁËÕý³£µÄ²Ù×÷, ±ØÐëÎª¸÷ÒôÐ§Éè±¸½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµ. Í¨³£ÔÚÄã×°LinuxÊ±¾ÍÒÑ¾ ½¨ºÃÁË,
¿ÉÒÔÓÃÏÂÁÐµÄÃüÁî¿ìËÙ¼ì²éÒ»ÏÂ. Èç¹ûÊä³ö½á¹ûºÍÏÂÃæºÜÏñ(ÈÕÆÚ²»Ò»Ñù Ã»¹ØÏµ),
ÄÇ÷áÉè±¸µµ²î²»¶àÊÇÉè¶¨ÕýÈ·ÁË.

     % ls -l /dev/sdnstat
     crw-rw-rw-   1 root     root      14,   6 Apr 25  1995 /dev/sndstat

Òë×¢: ×÷Õß´ò´íÁË, ÊÇls -l /dev/sndstat²Å¶Ô

×¢ÒâÓÐÁËÕýÈ·µÄÉè±¸µµ²¢²»±£Ö¤Ò»ÇÐÍêÃÀÁË. ÔÚÉè±¸ÄÜÓÃÒÔÇ°, »¹ÊÇÒªÏÈÔØÈë»ò¼Ó½ø
ºËÐÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½(ÉÔááÔÙÏêÊö).

Èç¹ûÄú¾õµÃÉè±¸µµÉè´íÁË, Äú¿ÉÒÔÒÔ
rootÉí·ÝÖ´ÐÐÔÚ/usr/src/linux/drivers/soundÄ¿Â¼ÀïµÄReadme.linuxµµÎ²²¿, ÄÇ¸öºÜ¶Ì
µÄshell scriptÀ´ÖØ½¨ËüÃÇ. ÁíÍâ, ¶àÊýLinuxÌ×¼þÒ²Ìá¹©/dev/MAKEDEV script, ¿ÉÒÔ×÷
ÕâÖÖÓÃÍ¾.

Èç¹ûÄúÓÃPCÀ®°ÈÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, Çë¶ÁÄÚ¸½ÎÄ¼þ, ÒÔ¾ö¶¨ÊÇ·ñÐèÒª½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµ.

4.4  Æð¶¯Linux¼°²âÊÔ

ÄúÖÁ´ËÓ¦¸Ã¿ÉÒÔ×¼±¸Æð¶¯ÐÂºËÐÄ, ²âÊÔÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÁË. ÕÕÖøÄúÆ½Ê±°²×°¼°ÖØÆô¶¯ÐÂºËÐÄµÄ²½
ÖèÈ¥×ö(µ±È», ±£ÁôÒ»·Ý¾ÉºËÐÄÒÔ·ÀÍòÒ»).

ÔÚÆð¶¯ÖÐ, ¼ì²éÒ»ÏÂÓÐÃ»ÓÐÀàËÆÒÔÏÂµÄÑ¶Ï¢:(Èç¹ûÑ¶Ï¢¾í¶¯Ì«¿ì, Äú¿ÉÒÔÓÃdmesg
ÃüÁî»Ø¹ýÀ´²é¿´.)

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      14

     Sound initialization started
     <Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)> at 0x220 irq 5 dma 1,5
     <Sound Blaster 16> at 0x330 irq 5 dma 0
     <Yamaha OPL3 FM> at 0x388
     Sound initialization complete

ÕâÓ¦¸ÃºÍÄúµÄÒôÐ§¿¨¼°ÌøÏßÉè¶¨(Èç¹ûÓÐµÄ»°)Ò»ÖÂ.

Èç¹ûÄúÓÃ¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é, ÒÔÉÏÑ¶Ï¢¾Í²»»áÏÔÊ¾³öÀ´(³ý·ÇÄúÔØÈëËüÊ±, ÓÃ``insmod sound
trace_init=1 '')

µ±ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÔØÈëºËÐÄÖÐÊ±, Ó¦¸Ã»áÏÔÊ¾``Sound initialization started
''¼°``Sound initialization complete''Ñ¶Ï¢. Èç¹ûÃ»ÓÐ, ±íÊ¾ÒôÐ§Çý ¶¯³ÌÊ½Ã»ÓÐÔØÈë,
ÕâÊ±ÄúÓ¦¸Ã¼ì²éÒ»ÏÂÄ¿Ç°Æð¶¯µÄºËÐÄÓÐÃ»ÓÐ¼ÓÈëÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ö§Ô®.

Èç¹ûÔÚ``Sound initialization started''¼°``Sound initialization complete
''¼äÃ»ÓÐÓ¡³öÊ²÷á¶«Î÷, ÄÇ±íÊ¾Ã»ÓÐÕì²âµ½ÒôÐ§Éè±¸. Õâ×î¿ÉÄÜµÄÔÒòÊÇÄúÃ»ÓÐÊ¹ÓÃ
ÕýÈ·µÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ¿¨Ã»±»Ö§Ô®, I/OÎ»Ö·²»¶Ô»òÄúÓÃÁË»¹Ã»ÓÐÉè¶¨¹ýµÄPnP¿¨.

Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Æð¶¯ÖÐÒà¿ÉÄÜÓ¡³ö´íÎó¼°¾¯¸æÑ¶Ï¢. ÔÚÉè¶¨ÍêÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½áá, ÖØÆô¶¯Ê±, ×¢ÒâÕâ
Ð©Ñ¶Ï¢.

ÔÙÀ´ÊÇ¼ì²é/dev/sndstatÉè±¸µµ. ¶ÁÈ¡Õâ¸ö×´Ì¬µµ¿ÉÒÔµÃÖª¶îÍâµÄ×ÊÑ¶, »òÊÇÒô
Ð§¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÊÇ²»ÊÇÕýÈ·Æô¶¯ÁË. Êä³ö¡õÀýÈçÏÂ:

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      15

     % cat /dev/sndstat
     Sound Driver:3.5.4-960630 (Sat Jan 4 23:56:57 EST 1997 root,
     Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586)
     Kernel: Linux fizzbin 2.0.27 #48 Thu Dec 5 18:24:45 EST 1996 i586
     Config options: 0

     Installed drivers:
     Type 1: OPL-2/OPL-3 FM
     Type 2: Sound Blaster
     Type 7: SB MPU-401

     Card config:
     Sound Blaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5
     SB MPU-401 at 0x330 irq 5 drq 0
     OPL-2/OPL-3 FM at 0x388 drq 0

     Audio devices:
     0: Sound Blaster 16 (4.13)

     Synth devices:
     0: Yamaha OPL-3

     Midi devices:
     0: Sound Blaster 16

     Timers:
     0: System clock

     Mixers:
     0: Sound Blaster

ÒÔÉÏµÄÃüÁîÒ²¿ÉÄÜ»Ø±¨´íÎóÑ¶Ï¢. ``No such file or directory'' ±íÊ¾Äú»¹
Ã»½¨Éè±¸µµ(²Î¿¼4.3½Ú). ``No such device'' ±íÊ¾ÒôÐ§³ÌÊ½Ã»ÓÐÔØÈë, »òÃ»
ÓÐÁ¬½á½øºËÐÄÀï. Çë»Øµ½4.2½ÚÒÔÐÞÕýÖ®.

Èç¹û/dev/sndstatµµÖÐ, ÔÚ``Card config:''¶ÎµÄ¼¸ÐÐÐ´ÔÚÀ¨ºÅÀï (¾ÍÏñ`` (Sound
Blaster at 0x220 irq 5 drq 1,5)''), Ëü±íÊ¾Éè±¸ÒÑ¾Éè¶¨ÁË, µ«ÊÇÃ»ÓÐÕì ²âµ½.

ÏÖÔÚÄúÓ¦¸Ã¿ÉÒÔÊÔÊÔ·Å¼òµ¥µÄÒôÐ§µµÁË. ×¥¡õÀýÒôÐ§µµ, °ÑËü¶ªµ½Éè±¸µµÀ´¼ì²é.

     % cat endoftheworld >/dev/dsp
     % cat crash.au >/dev/audio

(È·¶¨ÄúÃ»ÓÐÊ¡ÂÔµô´óì¶·ûºÅ)

×¢Òâ, ÔÚÆ½Ê±ÓÃcat²»ÊÇ·ÅÒôÐ§µµµÄÌùÇÐ·½·¨, ÕâÖ»ÊÇÎªÁË¼ì²é°ÕÁË.
È¥×¥ºÏÊÊµÄ·ÅÒô³ÌÊ½¿ÉÒÔ×öµÃ¸üºÃ.

Ö»ÓÐÔÚ/dev/sndstatÄÚµÄaudio devicesÕâ¶ÎÖÁÉÙÁÐ³öÒ»¸öÉè±¸µÄÇéÐÎÏÂ, ÒÔÉÏÃüÁî²Å»á
ÓÐÐ§. Èç¹ûÕâ¶ÎÃ»ÁÐ³öÊ²÷á, ÄúÓ¦¸Ã¼ì²éÒ»ÏÂÎªºÎÉè±¸Ã»Õì²âµ½.

Èç¹ûÒÔÉÏÃüÁî»Ø±¨``I/O error'', Äú¿ÉÒÔÓÃ``dmesg''ÃüÁî¼ì²é ºËÐÄÑ¶Ï¢µÄÎ²²¿,
ÔÚÄÇºÜ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓÐÓ¡³ö´íÎóÑ¶Ï¢, ¶øÇÒ¾³£ÊÇ ``Sound: DMA (output) timed out -
IRQ/DRQ config error?'' Õâ¸öÑ¶Ï¢ÊÇÖ¸Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ã»ÓÐ´ÓÒôÐ§¿¨µÃµ½Ó¦ ¸Ã·¢ÉúµÄÖÐ¶Ï.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      16

×îÓÐ¿ÉÄÜµÄÔÒòÊÇ, IRQºÍDMAµÄÉè¶¨Ã»ÓÐ×÷ÓÃ. ½â¾öÕâÎÊÌâµÄ×îºÃ·½·¨¾Í ÊÇÍÁ·¨Á¶¸Ö,
°ÑËùÓÐÕâÕÅ¿¨ÄÜÉèµ½µÄDMAºÍIRQ´îÅä¶¼ÊÔÊÔ¿´.

ÁíÒ»ÖÖ¿ÉÄÜÔÒòÊÇÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ºÍ¿¨²»ÏàÈÝ. Õâ¼¸ºõÒ»¶¨ÊÇËùÎ½``Éù°Ô¿¨(Pro/16)ÏàÈÝ¿¨
''ºÍÉù°Ô¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½´î²»ÆðÀ´. ÕâÖÖ×´¿öÏÂÄúÒªÕÒ³öºÍÄúµÄ¿¨ÄÜ´îÅäµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½²Å
ÐÐ.(ÀýÈç, ¿ÉÒÔÍ¶Êéµ½comp.os.linux.hardwareÌÖÂÛÇøÎÊÎÊ)

Ò»Ð©ÒôÐ§¡õÀýµµ¿ÉÔÚ <URL:ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu/pub/linux/packages/sound/snd-
data-0.1.tar.Z> ×¥µ½.

ÏÖÔÚÄú¿ÉÒÔÊÔÊÔÂ¼ÒôÁË. Èç¹ûÄúµÄ¿¨ÓÐÂ¼ÒôÄÜÁ¦, Äú¿ÉÒÔÓÃÒÔÏÂÃüÁîÀ´¿ìËÙ²âÊÔÒ»ÏÂ:

     # ´ÓÂó¿Ë·çÂ¼½ø 4 ÃëÉùÒô
     EDT% dd bs=8k count=4 < /dev/audio >sample.au
     4+0 records in
     4+0 records out
     # °Ñ¸Õ¸ÕÂ¼µÄ·Å³öÀ´
     % cat sample.au > /dev/audio

ÏÔÈ»Äú±ØÐèÒªÓÐÁ¬½ÓÒôÐ§¿¨µÄÂó¿Ë·ç, »¹Òª¶ÔÖøËü½²»°, ²ÅÄÜÊÔ³öÓÐÃ»ÓÐÐ§. ÄúÒ²ÐíÒ²Ðè
ÒªÅªµ½Ò»¸ö»ìÒô³ÌÊ½, Éè¶¨Âó¿Ë·çÎªÊäÈë×°ÖÃ, ²¢Éè¶¨ÆäÂ¼ÒôµÄÔöÒæ.

Èç¹ûÒÔÉÏ²âÊÔ¶¼Í¨¹ýÁË, Äú¾ÍÓÐÀíÓÉÏàÐÅÒôÐ§D/A¼°A/DÓ²ÌåºÍÈíÌå¶¼ºÜÕý³£. Èç¹ûÄúÅöµ½
ÎÊÌâ, ²Î¿¼ÏÂÒ»Ð¡½Ú.

4.5  ÎÊÌâÓë½â¾ö

Èç¹ûÄú½øÐÐÁËÒÔÉÏ²¿Öè, ÈÔÈ»ÓÐÎÊÌâ, ÄÇ÷á¿ÉÒÔ¼ì²é¼¸¸öµØ·½. ÕâÐ©¼ì²éÓÉ¼òµ¥µ½¸´ÔÓ
ÒÀÐòÅÅÁÐ, Èç¹û¼ì²é³öÎÊÌâ, ÏÈ½â¾ö, ÔÙ½øÐÐÏÂÒ»µÀ¼ì²é.

4.5.1  µÚÒ»²½: È·¶¨ÄúÓÃÄú×Ô¼º±àÒëµÄºËÐÄÆð¶¯.

Äú¿ÉÒÔÓÃºËÐÄµÄÈÕÆÚ´Á¼ÇÀ´Ê¶±ðÊÇ²»ÊÇÄú±àÒëµÄÄÇ¸öÓÐÖ§Ô®ÒôÐ§µÄºËÐÄ. Äú¿ÉÒÔÓÃ
unameÃüÁîÀ´×÷:

     % uname -a
     Linux fizzbin 2.0.0 #1 Tue Jun 4 16:57:55 EDT 1996 i386

»òÏÔÊ¾/proc/versionµµÄÚÈÝ:

     % cat /proc/version
     Linux version 2.0.0 (root@fizzbin) (gcc version 2.7.0) #1 Tue Jun 4 16:57:55 EDT 1996

Èç¹ûÈÕÆÚ´Á¼Ç²»ÊÇÄú±àÒëºËÐÄµÄÊ±¼ä, ÄÇÄúÓÃÁË¾ÉµÄºËÐÄ. ÄúÕæµÄÖØ¿ª»úÁËÂð? Èç¹ûÄúÓÃ
LILO, ÊÇ²»ÊÇÓÐÖØ×°ÄØ(Æ½³£ÓÃ/etc/lilo/install)? Èç¹ûÊÇÈíµúÆð¶¯, ÄúÕæµÄ
×öÁËÐÂ¿ª»úÆ¬, ²¢ÓÃËü¿ª»úÂð?

4.5.2  µÚ¶þ²½: È·¶¨ºËÐÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÐ±à½øÈ¥.

×î¼òµ¥µÄ·½·¨¾ÍÊÇÇ°ÃæÌá¹ýµÄ, ¼ì²é``/dev/sndstat''µÄÊä³ö. Èç¹ûÓÐµØ·½²»¶Ô,
ÄÇ÷áºËÐÄÉè¶¨»ò½¨Á¢Ò»¶¨ÓÐÎÊÌâ. ÔÙÖØÐÂÉè¶¨¼°½¨Á¢, °²×°ÐÂºËÐÄµÄ³ÌÐò.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      17

4.5.3  µÚÈý²½: ºËÐÄÆð¶¯Ê±ÓÐÕì²âµ½ÄúµÄÒôÐ§¿¨Âð?

È·¶¨ºËÐÄÆô¶¯Ê±ÄúµÄ¿¨ÓÐ±»Õì²âµ½. ÄúÓ¦¸Ã¿´¹ý¿ª»úÑ¶Ï¢ÁË, Èç¹ûËü¾íµÃ¹ý¿ì, ÄúÍ¨³£¿É
ÓÃdmesgÃüÁî½Ð»ØÀ´:

     % dmesg

»ò

     % tail /var/adm/messages

Èç¹ûÄúµÄ¿¨Ã»Õì²âµ½, ¾ÍÊÇÄ³Ò»´¦³öÎÊÌâ. È·¶¨ÄÇÕÅ¿¨ÕæµÄ×°ÁË. Èç¹ûÄÇÕÅ¿¨ÔÚDOSÏÂ¹¤
×÷µÃºÜºÃ, ÄÇÄã¾ÍÓÐÀíÓÉÏàÐÅÓ²ÌåÊÇÕý³£µÄ. ²»ÊÇÄú°ÑÒôÐ§¿¨Éè´íÐÍÊ½, ÏÂ´í²ÎÊý, ¾ÍÊÇ
ÄúµÄÒôÐ§¿¨ºÍºËÐÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½²»ÏàÈÝ.

Ò»ÖÖ¿ÉÄÜ¾ÍÊÇÐèÒªÌØÊâDOSÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½À´Çý¶¯µÄ``ÏàÈÝ''¿¨. ÊÔÖøÆð¶¯DOS, ÔØÈë
³§ÉÌ¸øµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, È»áá°´Control-Alt-DeleteÅ¯¿ª»ú½øLinux. È·¶¨¿¨µÄI/OÎ» Ö·,
DMA¼°IRQÉè¶¨¶¼ºÍDOSÒ»Ñù. ¶ÁÔÚÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÔÊ¼ÂëÖÐµÄReadme.cardsµµ
ÒÔµÃµ½¹Øì¶Éè¶¨ÄúµÄÕâÐÍ¿¨µÄÌáÊ¾Ñ¶Ï¢.

Èç¹ûÄúµÄ¿¨²¢Ã»ÓÐÔÚ±¾ÎÄ¼þÖÐÁÐ³ö, ¿ÉÄÜÊÇLinuxÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ã»Ö§Ô®µÄ¹ØÏµ. Äú¿ÉÒÔ²Î¿¼±¾ÎÄ
Ä©µÄ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏÀ´ÇóÖú.

4.5.4  µÚËÄ²½: ÄúÄÜ´ÓdspÉè±¸¶Á³ö×ÊÁÏÂð?

ÊÔÊÔÓÃÇ°ÃæÌá¹ýµÄ``dd''ÃüÁî¶ÁÈ¡/dev/audio. Õâ¸öÃüÁîÓ¦¸Ã²»»áÓÐ ´íÎó²Å¶Ô.

Èç¹û²»ÐÐ, ÄÇ¿ÉÄÜÊÇIRQ/DMA³åµ½, »òÄ³ÖÖÓ²Ìå²»ÏàÈÝ(Éè±¸²»ÎªLinuxÖ§Ô®, »òÓÃ´íÇý
¶¯³ÌÊ½).

»¹ÓÐÒ»¸öÉÙ¼ûµÄ¿ÉÄÜÊÇ²»Á¼µÄÓ²Ìå. ¿ÉÄÜµÄ»°, ÔÚDOSÏÂ²âÊÔÒ»ÏÂ, ÏûÈ¥ÕâÖÖ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ.

4.5.5  ÒªÊÇÕâÐ©¶¼Ã»ÓÃÄØ?

Èç¹ûÄú»¹ÊÇÓÐÎÊÌâ, ÕâÀïÌá¹©×îáá¼¸ÕÐÊÔÊÔ:

   · Ð¡ÐÄÖØ¶ÁÕâ·ÝHOWTOÎÄ¼þ

   · ¶Á±¾ÎÄ¼þááÁÐµÄ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ, ÌØ±ðÊÇHannu SavolainenµÄÍøÕ¾, ¼°Ïà¹ØµÄºËÐÄÔÊ¼Âë
     Readmeµµ.

   · µ½comp.os.linux»òÆäËüUsenetÌÖÂÛÇø(comp.os.linux.hardware ÊÇ¸öºÃµØ·½;
     ÒòÎªÕâ¶ùË®Á¿¶à, ×îºÃÔÚ±êÌâÀ¸×¢Ã÷ 'sound', ÕâÑùÊÊºÏµÄ×¨¼Ò²Å»áÕÒµ½Ëü.)

   · ÓÃWeb/UsenetËÑÑ°ÒýÇæ, ÖÇ»ÛÐÍËÑÑ°, ºÜ¿ì¾ÍÄÜÕÒµ½ºÜºÃµÄ½á¹û. Ò»¸öºÃÑ¡ÔñÊÇ
     <URL:http://www.altavista.com>.

   · ÓÃ×îÐÂµÄLinuxºËÐÄ.(µ«ÊÇÖ»ÔÚ×îáá¹ØÍ·²ÅÓÃ, ×îÐÂµÄ·¢Õ¹ÓÃºËÐÄ¿ÉÄÜºÜ²»ÎÈ)

   · ·¢·âÐÅ¸øÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½×÷Õß

   · ·¢·âÐÅ¸øSound HOWTOµÄ×÷Õß

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      18

   · ½Ð³öemacs, ÊäÈëEsc-x doctor :-)

5.  Ö§Ô®ÒôÐ§µÄÓ¦ÓÃÈíÌå

Èç¹ûÄãÔÚLinuxÏÂÄÜÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨, ÎÒÔÚÕâÀïÌá³öÒ»Ð©Äã¿ÉÄÜ»áÏëÒªµÄÓ¦ÓÃÈíÌå. Äã¿ÉÒÔ²é
Ò»ÏÂLinux Software Map, Íø¼ÊÍøÂ·µµ°¸¿â, »òÊÇÄãµÄLinux CD-ROM ÒÔÕÒ³ö×îÐÂ×ÊÑ¶.

Äã×îÉÙ»áÏëÒªÒÔÏÂµÄÒôÐ§ÈíÌå:

   · ÒôÐ§µµµµ°¸¸ñÊ½×ª»»ÈíÌå (Èç Sox)

   · »ìÒô³ÌÊ½ (Èç aumix »ò xmix)

   · ÒôÐ§µµ²¥·ÅÈíÌå (Èç play »ò wavplay)

   · MOD µµ°¸²¥·ÅÈíÌå (Èç tracker)

   · MIDI µµ°¸²¥·ÅÈíÌå (Èç playmidi)

ÕâÀà¹¤¾ßÓÐÎÄ×ÖÐÍÊ½µÄ, Ò²ÓÐGUIÐÍÊ½µÄ. Ò²ÓÐÒ»Ð©±È½Ï¹îÒìÒ»µãµÄ(ÏñÓïÒô·ÖÎö¼°±æÊ¶),
Äã¿ÉÄÜ»áÏëÍæÍæ¿´.

6.  ³£¼ûÎÊÌâÓë½â´ð

ÕâÒ»½Ú»Ø´ð¾³£ÔÚUsenetÌÖÂÛÇø¼°Í¨ÐÅÂÛÌ³³£±»ÎÊµ½µÄÎÊÌâ.

¿ÉÒÔÔÚOSSÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄÍøÕ¾¿´µ½¸ü¶àÎÊÌâµÄ½â´ð.

6.1  ÕâÒ»¶ÑÒôÐ§Éè±¸µµ¸÷´ú±íÊ²÷á?

ÒÔÏÂÊÇ×î``±ê×¼''µÄÉè±¸µµµµÃû, ËäÈ»ÓÐÐ©LinuxÌ×¼þ¿ÉÄÜÓÃ²»Ì«Ò»ÑùµÄÃû³Æ.

      /dev/audio
            Ò»°ãÊÇÁ¬µ½ /dev/audio0

      /dev/audio0
            ºÍSun¹¤×÷Õ¾ÏàÈÝµÄÉùÑ¶Éè±¸ (Ö»×÷ÁË²¿·Ý, ²¢²»Ö§Ô®SunµÄioctl ½éÃæ,
            Ö»ÓÐu-law±àÂë)

      /dev/audio1
            µÚ¶þ¸öÒôÑ¶Éè±¸ (Èç¹ûÒôÐ§¿¨Ö§Ô®, »ò²»Ö»ÓÐÒ»ÕÅÒôÐ§¿¨µÄ»°)

      /dev/dsp
            Ò»°ãÁ¬µ½ /dev/dsp0

      /dev/dsp0
            µÚÒ¼ÊýÎ»È¡ÑùÉè±¸

      /dev/dsp1
            µÚ·¡ÊýÎ»È¡ÑùÉè±¸

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      19

      /dev/mixer
            Í¨³£Á¬½áµ½ /dev/mixer0

      /dev/mixer0
            µÚÒ¼»ìÒôÆ÷

      /dev/mixer1
            µÚ·¡»ìÒôÆ÷

      /dev/music
            ¸ß½×±àÇúÆ÷½éÃæ

      /dev/sequencer
            µÍ½×MIDI, FM, ¼°GUS´æÈ¡ÓÃ

      /dev/sequencer2
            Í¨³£Á¬½áµ½ /dev/music

      /dev/midi00
            µÚÒ¼ÔÉú(raw)MIDI²º

      /dev/midi01
            µÚ·¡ÔÉúMIDI²º

      /dev/midi02
            µÚ²ÎÔÉúMIDI²º

      /dev/midi03
            µÚËÁÔÉúMIDI²º

      /dev/sndstat
            ¶ÁÈ¡Ê±, ÏÔÊ¾ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄ×´Ì¬
PCÀ®°ÈÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ìá¹©ÒÔÏÂÉè±¸:

      /dev/pcaudio
            ºÍ/dev/audioÍ¬Ñù

      /dev/pcsp
            ºÍ/dev/dspÒ»Ñù

      /dev/pcmixer
            ºÍ/dev/mixerÒ»Ñù

6.2  ÔõÑù²¥·ÅÒôÐ§µµ°¸?

Sun¹¤×÷Õ¾µÄÒôÐ§µµ(.au)¿ÉÒÔ¶ªµ½/dev/audioÀ´·Å³ö, ÔÊ¼È¡Ñùµµ¿ÉÒÔ¶ªµ½ /dev/dsp,
ËäÈ»ÕâÑùÒ»°ãÀ´Ëµ»á²úÉúºÜ²îµÄÊä³ö. Ê¹ÓÃÏñplayÕâÑùµÄ ³ÌÊ½±È½ÏºÃ,
¶øÇÒ»¹ÄÜ±æ±ðÒôÐ§µµ¸ñÊ½, Éè¶¨ÕýÈ·µÄÈ¡ÑùÂÊµÈ.

Ïñwavplay»òvplay(ÔÚsnd-utilÌ×¼þÖÐ)µÄ³ÌÊ½, ¸øËüWAVµµ»á²úÉú×î¼Ñ½á¹û. È»¶øËüÃÇÎÞ·¨
±æÊ¶Microsoft ADPCMÑ¹Ëõ¹ýµÄWAVµµ. Í¬Ê±, ¾É°æµÄplay(ÔÚLsoxÌ×¼þÖÐ)¶Ô16Î»ÔªµÄWAVµµ
´¦Àí²¢²»ºÃ.

ÔÚsnd-utilÖÐµÄsplayÃüÁîÈç¹ûÒÔÊÖ¶¯ÊäÈëÊÊÇÐµÄ²ÎÊý, ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´²¥·Å¶àÊýÒôÐ§µµ.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      20

6.3  ÔõÑùÂ¼ÖÆÒôÐ§µµ?

¿ÉÒÔ´Ó/dev/audio»ò/dev/dspÖÐ¶ÁÈ¡È¡Ñù¹ýµÄ×ÊÁÏ, ¿ÉÒÔ×ªÏòµ½µµ°¸ È¥.
ÏñvrecÕâÑùµÄ³ÌÊ½¿ÉÒÔ½Ï¼òµ¥µØ¿ØÖÆÈ¡ÑùÂÊ¼°Ê±¼äµÈ. ÄãÒ²ÐèÒª»ìÒôÆ÷,
ÒÔ±ãÑ¡ÔñÏëÒªµÄÊäÈëÀ´Ô´.

6.4  ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÓÐ²»Ö»Ò»Æ¬ÒôÐ§¿¨Âð?

ÏÖÔÚµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÔÊÐíÄã×°ºÃ¼¸Æ¬Éù°Ô¿¨, Éù°Ô¿¨Pro, Éù°Ô¿¨16, MPU-401 »òMSS¿¨.
×°Á½Æ¬Éù°Ô¿¨ÊÇ¿ÉÄÜµÄ, ²»¹ýÒªÊÖ¶¯±à¼ local.h, ¶¨ÒåSB2_BASE, SB2_IRQ, SB2_DMA ¼°
SB2_DMA2(ÓÐÐ©ÇéÐÎÏÂ²ÅÒª). Ò²¿ÉÒÔÍ¬Ê±×°Ò»Æ¬Éù°Ô¿¨¼°Ò»Æ¬PAS16.

ÈôÊÇÄãÓÃmake configÀ´Éè¶¨½ÏÐÂµÄ2.0.x°æºËÐÄµÄÒôÐ§µÄ»°,
ÄãÓ¦¸Ã±à¼/usr/include/linux/autoconf.h¶ø·Çlocal.h. Äã»á¿´µ½¼¸ÐÐ:

     #define SBC_BASE 0x220#define SBC_IRQ (5)#define SBC_DMA (1)#define SB_DMA2 (6)#define SB_MPU_BASE 0x0#define SB_MPU_IRQ (-1)

ÔÚËüÃÇááÃæ¼ÓÈë¼¸ÐÐ(ÊýÖµÒÀÕÕÄãµÄÏµÍ³Éè¶¨)

     #define SB2_BASE 0x330#define SB2_IRQ (7)#define SB2_DMA (2)#define SB2_DMA2 (2)

ÒÔÏÂÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½²»×¼Äã×°Á½Æ¬¿¨:

   · GUS (Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÏÞÖÆ)

   · MAD16 (Ó²ÌåÏÞÖÆ)

   · AudioTrix Pro (Ó²ÌåÏÞÖÆ)

   · CS4232 (Ó²ÌåÏÞÖÆ)

6.5  ´íÎó: No such file or directory for sound devices

Òª½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµ°¡! Çë²Î¼ûÇ°Ãæ½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµµÄ²¿·Ý. Èç¹ûÄãÈ·ÊµÓÐÉè±¸µµ, ¼ì²éÖ÷±àºÅ¼°´Î
±àºÅÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·. (Ò»Ð©¾ÉÒ»µãµÄCD-ROM LinuxÌ×²Í¿ÉÄÜ²»»áÔÚ°²×°Ê±½¨Á¢ÕýÈ·µÄÉè±¸µµ)

6.6  ´íÎó: No such device for sound devices

ÄãµÄºËÐÄ²¢²»Ö§Ô®ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½, »òÊÇI/OÎ»Ö·Éè¶¨ºÍÓ²Ìå²»Ò»ÖÂ. ¼ì²éÄãÊÇ·ñÓÃÐÂÔìµÄ
ºËÐÄ¿ª»ú, ²¢È·ÈÏÆäÉè¶¨ºÍÓ²ÌåÊÇÒ»ÖÂµÄ.

6.7  ´íÎó: No space left on device for sound devices

Èç¹ûÄãÃ»ÓÐ½¨Á¢±ØÒªµÄÉè±¸µµ, È»áá°ÑÒôÐ§µµ³¯/dev/audio»ò/dev/dsp¶ª, ¾Í»á·¢ÉúÕâÖÖ
Çé¿ö. ÕâÊ±ÕâÐ©``Éè±¸µµ''ÆäÊµÖ»ÊÇÆÕÍ¨µµ°¸, ¶øÇÒ°ÑÄãµÄ´ÅµúÈûÂúÁË. Äã±Ø
ÐëÕÕ±¾ÎÄ¼þÖÐ½¨Á¢Éè±¸µµÕâÒ»Ð¡½ÚµÄÖ¸ÒýÈ¥Ö´ÐÐÄÇ¸öscript.

ÔÚLinux 2.0»òÖ®áá, µ±Éè±¸¿ªÆô, ÏµÍ³È´Ã»ÓÐ×ã¹»µÄRAMÊ±Òà»á·¢Éú. ¶ÔÃ¿¸öDMAÍ¨µÀ,
ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÖÁÉÙÐèÒªÁ½Ò³(8K)Á¬Ðø¼ÇÒäÌåÇø¿é. ÕâÖÖÇéÐÍÔÚ²»×ã16MµÄRAM»òÒÑ¾Æô¶¯ºÜ
¾ÃµÄÏµÍ³ÉÏ¿ÉÄÜ·¢Éú. ÒªÇå³öÒ»Ð©RAM, ÔÚÔÙ¿ªÆôÉè±¸µµÒÔÇ°, ÏÈ±àÒë¼°Ö´ÐÐÒÔÏÂµÄC³ÌÊ½
Ò²Ðí¿ÉÐÐ.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      21

     main() {
       int i;
       char mem[500000];
       for (i = 0; i < 500000; i++)
         mem[i] = 0;
       exit(0);
     }

6.8  ´íÎó: Device busy for sound devices

Ò»¸öÒôÐ§Éè±¸Ò»´ÎÖ»ÄÜ¸øÒ»¸ö³ÌÐòÓÃ. ÎÊÌâÖÐ, ×î¿ÉÄÜ¾ÍÊÇÓÐ±ðµÄ³ÌÐòÕýÔÚÊ¹ÓÃÕâ¸öÉè
±¸. È·¶¨µÄ·½·¨Ö®Ò»ÊÇÓÃfuserÃüÁî:

     % fuser -v /dev/dsp
     /dev/dsp:             USER       PID ACCESS COMMAND
                           tranter    265 f....  tracker

ÔÚÉÏÀýÖÐ, fuserÃüÁîÏÔÊ¾265ºÅ³ÌÐò¿ªÆôÁË¸ÃÉè±¸. ¿ÉÒÔÑ¡ÔñµÈËü×öÍê»ò°ÑËü¿³µô, ÕâÑù
Ëü¾ÍÓÖÄÜÊ¹ÓÃÁË. ÄãÓ¦¸ÃÒÔrootÉí·ÝÖ´ÐÐfuserÃüÁî, ÕâÑù²Å»áÁÐ³ö³ýÁËÄãÒÔÍâµÄÊ¹ÓÃÕß.

6.9  »¹ÊÇÌÓ²»ÁË'device busy'µÄ´íÎó!

¸ù¾ÝBrian GoughµÄËµ·¨, Ê¹ÓÃÒ»ºÅDMAÍ¨µÀµÄÉù°Ô¿¨»áºÍÍ¬ÑùÒ²Õ¼ÓÃDMA 1µÄQIC-02´Å´ø»ú
Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ïà³å, Ôì³É``device busy''´íÎó. Èç¹ûÄúÊ¹ÓÃFTAPE, Äú¿ÉÄÜÓÐ¼Ó½ø
Õâ¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½. ¸ù¾ÝFTAPE-HOWTO, QIC-02Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÔÚÊ¹ÓÃFTAPEÉÏ²»ÊÇ±ØÒªµÄ; Ö»ÓÐ
QIC-117²Å±ØÒª. ÖØÔìºËÐÄ, Ê¹ÓÃQIC-117Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½, È¡ÏûQIC-02, ÕâÑùFTAPE¼°ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³Ì
Ê½¾ÍÄÜ¹²´æÁË.

6.10  ÒôÐ§µµ·Åµ½Ò»°ë¾ÍÍ£ÁË

ÕâÖÖÖ¢×´, Í¨³£ÊÇÏÈ²¥·ÅÒ»Ãë×óÓÒ, È»ááÍêÈ«Í£Ö¹, »òÓ¡³ö``missing IRQ'' »ò``DMA
timeout''Ñ¶Ï¢. °Ë³ÉÊÇÄúµÄIRQ»òDMAÉè´íÁË. ºË¶ÔÒ»ÏÂ, ÄúÔÚºËÐÄÖÐ
µÄÉè¶¨ÊÇ²»ÊÇºÍÓ²ÌåÌøÏßµÄÒ»Ñù, ¶øÇÒ²¢Ã»ÓÐºÍ±ðµÄ¿¨Ïà³å.

ÁíÒ»ÖÖÖ¢×´ÊÇÉùÒôÒ»Ö±ÖØ¸². ÕâÍ¨³£µ¼Òòì¶IRQ³åÍ».

6.11  ²¥·ÅMODµµ¶Ï¶ÏÐøÐø

Òª²¥·ÅMODµµ, ÐèÒª¿É¹ÛµÄCPUÄÜÁ¦. Äú¿ÉÄÜÅÜÌ«¶à³ÌÊ½µ¼ÖÂÏµÍ³·´Ó¦¹ýÂý, ÎÞ·¨¼°Ê±·Å
Òô. ÓÐÏÂÃæ¼¸ÖÖ½â·¨:

   · ÓÃ½ÏµÍµÄÈ¡ÑùÂÊ, »òÖ»·Åµ¥ÉùµÀ

   · °ÑÆäËüÖ´ÐÐÖÐ³ÌÊ½¸Éµô

   · Âò¸ü¿ìµÄµçÄÔ

   · Âò¸üÇ¿µÄÒôÐ§¿¨(Ïñ Gravis UltraSound)

Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÓÃGravis UltraSoundÒôÐ§¿¨, ÄúÓ¦¸ÃÊ¹ÓÃ×¨ÎªGUSÉè¼ÆµÄMOD²¥·Å³ÌÊ½ (Èç gmod)

6.12  ±àÒëÒôÐ§ÈíÌåÊ±³ö´í

1.0c°æÒÔááºÍÒÔÇ°µÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÃÍêÈ«²»Í¬ÇÒ²»ÏàÈÝµÄioctl()·½Ê½. ×¥ÐÂ°æ µÄÔÊ¼Âë,

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      22

»ò×ö±ØÒª¸Ä±ä, °ÑËüÒÆÖ´µ½ÊÊºÏÐÂ°æÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÃ. Ïê¼ûÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄ Readmeµµ.

Ò²ÇëÈ·¶¨±àÒëÓ¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½Ê±, ÄúÊ¹ÓÃ×îÐÂµÄsoundcard.h¼°ultrasound.h.
Çë¼û±¾ÎÄ¿ªÍ·´¦ÀïµÄ°²×°Ö¸Òý.

6.13  ÒÔÇ°ÅÜºÜºÃµÄÈíÌå, È´³öÏÖSEGV´íÎó

ÕâºÍÉÏ¸öÎÊÌâ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ.

6.14  ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÓÐºÎÒÑÖªµÄÏÞÖÆ¼°bug?

¿´ÒôÐ§³ÌÊ½Àï¸½µÄReadme¼°CHANGELOGµµ.

6.15  ¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄioctlµÈ, ÄÄÀïÓÐ¼ÇÔØ?

ËüÃÇÓÐÒ»²¿·Ý·ÅÔÚÏÖÔÚÒÔ²Ý°¸ÐÍÊ½´æÔÚµÄHacker's Guide to VoxWare.
×îÐÂ°æÊÇµÚ¶þ²Ý°¸, ¿ÉÔÚ<URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound> ÖÐÕÒµ½.
×¢ÒâÕâÄ¿Â¼ÊÇ``Òþ²ØµÄ'', ²»»áÔÚÄ¿Â¼ÁÐ±í³öÏÖ. Èç¹ûÄú``cd''
½øÈ¥ÔÙ``dir''¾Í¿ÉÒÔ·¢ÏÖÕâÐ©µµ°¸.

ÔÚÐ´ÕâÆªÊ±, ÐÂÎÄ¼þÒÑ¾¿ÉÒÔÔÚ4Front TechonlogiesµÄÍøÕ¾ÉÏ¿´µ½ÁË.

ÁíÒ»¸öÀ´Ô´¾ÍÊÇLinux Multimedia Guide, ÔÚ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏÄÇ½ÚÓÐ½².

6.16  ÒªÍêÈ«Æ½Ë³µØÂ¼·ÅÒô, ÐèÒª¶àÇ¿µÄCPU²ÅÄÜ°ìµ½?

ÕâÎÊÌâ²»ºÃ»Ø´ð, ËüÈ¡¾öì¶:

   · Ê¹ÓÃPCMÈ¡Ñù»¹ÊÇFMºÏ³É

   · È¡ÑùÂÊ¼°Ñù±¾´óÐ¡

   · ÓÃÄÄ¸ö³ÌÊ½Â¼·ÅÒô

   · ÒôÐ§¿¨Ó²Ìå

   · ´Åµú´«ÊäËÙÂÊ, CPUÊ±ÂöÆµÂÊ, ¿ìÈ¡´óÐ¡µÈ

Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ, ÈÎºÎ386»úÆ÷Ó¦¸Ã¶¼¿ÉÒÔÔÚ8Î»ÔªÒôÐ§¿¨ÉÏ²¥·ÅÒôÐ§, »òÓÃFMºÏ³É·Å ÒôÀÖ.

È»¶ø, ·ÅMODµµÐèÒª¿É¹ÛµÄCPU×ÊÔ´. Ò»Ð©ÊµÑéÐÔµÄ²âÁ¿ÏÔÊ¾, ÒªÒÔ44KHz²¥·Å,ÒªÏûºÄÒ»¿Å
486/50 CPUµÄ 40% ÄÜÁ¦; 386/25¼¸ºõ²»¿ÉÄÜ·Å±È22KHz ¸ü¸ßµÄÈ¡ÑùÂÊ.(ÒÔ8Î»ÔªÒôÐ§¿¨,
ÈçÉù°Ô¿¨, Ëù²âµÃ)Ò»Ð©ÏñGravis UltraSoundµÄ¿¨Ó²ÌåÌá¹©¸ü¶à¹¦ÄÜ, ÐèÒªµÄCPU×ÊÔ´¾Í
½ÏÉÙ.

ÕâÐ©ÊÇ¼ÙÉèµçÄÔÃ»ÓÐÔÚÅÜÆäËüºÄCPUÄÜÁ¦µÄ¹¤×÷.

Èç¹ûÄúµÄµçÄÔÓÐÊýÑ§¸¨Öú´¦ÀíÆ÷(»òCPUÄÚ²¿ÓÐFPU), ÓÃÏñsoxÕâÑùµÄ³ÌÊ½×ö
ÒôÐ§×ª»»»òÔö¼ÓÐ§¹û»á¿ì²»ÉÙ. ËäÈ»ºËÐÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½±¾ÉíÊÇÃ»ÓÐÓÃµ½¸¡µãÔËËãÀ².

6.17  PAS16ºÍAdaptec 1542 SCSI¿¨µÄ´îÅäÎÊÌâ

(ÒÔÏÂ½âÊÍÓÉseeker@indirect.comÌá¹©)

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      23

LinuxÖ»ÄÜÈÏ³öÔÚ330(Ô¤ÉèÖµ)»ò334Î»Ö·ÉÏµÄ1542, ¶øPASÖ»ÄÜ½«MPU-401Ä£ÄâÉèÔÚ 330.
¼´Ê¹ÄãÓÃÈíÌåÏûÈ¥MPU-401, Èç¹ûÓÐ¶«Î÷»¹ÔÚÕâ¸öÔ¤ÉèÎ»Ö·ÉÏ, ÈÔÈ»»áºÍ1542 Ïà³å.
°Ñ1542ÒÆµ½334¾ÍÊ²÷á¶¼½â¾öÁË.

ÁíÍâ, 1542ºÍPAS-16¶¼ÓÐÓÃµ½16Î»ÔªDMA, ËùÒÔÈç¹ûÄãÒ»ÃæÒÔ16Î»Ôª, 44KHzÁ¢ÌåÉù Â¼Òô,
Ò»Ãæ½«µµ°¸´æµ½¹ÒÔÚ1542ÉÏµÄÓ²µúµÄ»°, Âé·³¾ÍÀ´ÁË. DMA»áÖØµþ, µ¼ÖÂRAMÃ»ÓÐ
Ê±¼ä³äµç, È»áá¾Í»á³öÏÖ 'PARITY ERROR - SYSTEM HALTED' µÄÑ¶Ï¢, Äú
ÉõÖÁ»¹À´²»¼°ÖªµÀÔõ÷áµ±µÄ. ¸üÔã¸âµÄÊÇÓÐÐ©QIC-117´Å´øµÄÐÁ¦³§ÉÌ½¨ÒéÉè¶¨»ãÁ÷ÅÅ
¿ª/¹ØÊ±¼ä, Ê¹1542Õ¼»ãÁ÷ÅÅ¸ü¾Ã. ´ÓAdaptecµÄBBS»òInternetµÄÆäËüµØ·½×¥ SCSISEL.EXE
³ÌÊ½, ¼õÉÙBUS ONÊ±¼ä»òÔö¼ÓBUS OFFÊ±¼ä, Ö±µ½ÕâÎÊÌâÍêÈ«ÏûÊ§.  SCSISEL »á¸Ä±ä EEP
ROM µÄÉè¶¨, ËùÒÔ±ÈÔÚCONFIG.SYSÖÐÔØÈëµÄDOSÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ð§Á¦¸ü ³Ö¾Ã, ¿ª»ú¾ÍÖ±½Ó½øLin
uxÒ²ÓÐÐ§(²»ÏñDOSÐÞ²¹). ÓÖ½â¾öÁËÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ.

×îááÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ - ¾ÉµÄSymphony¾§Æ¬×é¾çÁÒµØ½µµÍI/OÖÜÆÚÊ±¼ä, ¼Ó¿ì»ãÁ÷ÅÅ´æÈ¡.
ÎÒËùÍæ¹ýµÄ¸÷ÖÖ¿¨ÖÐ, ³ýÁËPAS-16ÒÔÍâ, Ã»ÓÐÒ»Æ¬¿¨ÓÐ³öÏÖ¹ýÈÎºÎÎÊÌâ.  Media
VisionµÄBBSÓÐ¸öSYMPFIX.EXE¿ÉÒÔ½«SymphonyµÄ»ãÁ÷ÅÅ¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄÕï¶ÏÎ»Ôªµ÷Õû,
ÖÎºÃÕâÖÖÖ¤×´, µ«Õâ²¢²»ÄÜËãÓÐÁ¦µÄ±£Ö¤. ÄúÒ²ÐíÒª:

   · ÕÒÖ÷»ú°å¾ÏúÉÌ, »»µô¾É°æµÄ¾§Æ¬

   · »»Ö÷»ú°å, »ò

   · Âò±ðÅÆµÄÒôÐ§¿¨.

Young MicrosystemsÔ¸ÒâÒÔ$30(ÃÀ½ð)µÄ´ú¼ÛÎªËûÃÇÖÆµÄ°å×ÓÉý¼¶; Èç¹ûÄúÄÜ½²³öËÖÆµÄ»ò
Ë½ø¿ÚµÄ°å×Ó, ±ðµÄ³§ÉÌÒ²¿ÉÄÜ»áÕâÑù(×£ÄãºÃÔË). ¾ÝÎÒËùÖªÕâÎÊÌâ³öì¶ProAudioµÄ»ãÁ÷
ÅÅ½éÃæ¾§Æ¬; Ã»ÓÐÈË»á»¨$120ÂòÒôÐ§¿¨, È»áá°ÑËü²åÔÚ6MHzµÄATÉÏ. ¶àÊýÈË»áÉý
¼¶µ½25-40MHzµÄ386/486, ¶øÈç¹ûÉè¼ÆÕýÈ·, ÖÁÉÙÄÜ³ÐÊÜ12MHzÒÔÉÏµÄ»ãÁ÷ÅÅÆµÂÊ. ½²ÍêÁË,
ÏÂÌ¨Ò»¾Ï¹ª.

µÚÒ»¸öÎÊÌâºÍÄãµÄÖ÷»ú°å¾§Æ¬×é, »ãÁ÷ÅÅËÙÂÊ, ¼°ÆäËüBIOSÉè¶¨,
»¹ÓÐÔÂÁÁµÄÔ²È±ÓÐ¹Ø.(?)  µÚ¶þ¸öÎÊÌâÇ£Éæµ½ÄúµÄ¼ÇÒäÌå³äµç·½Ê½ (Òþ²ØÊ½»òÍ¬²½Ê½),
1542 DMA ÆµÂÊ¼°»ãÁ÷ÅÅI/OËÙ ÂÊ(¿ÉÄÜÓÐ¹Ø). µÚÈý¸öÎÊÌâ, ¿ÉÒÔ´òµç»°µ½Media Vision,
ÎÊËûÃÇÄÄÐ©Symphony¾§Æ¬×éµÄ ÂýËÙÉè¼ÆºÍËûÃÇµÄ¿¨²»ÏàÈÝ. ÔÚ´Ë¾¯¸æÒ»ÏÂ,
ÎÒÎÊ¹ýµÄËÄÎ»``¹¤³ÌÊ¦''ÖÐ, ¾Í ÓÐÈý¸öÍ·¿Ç»µÈ¥. ÌýËûÃÇ½²±ðÈËµÄÓ²Ìå½²µÃÉ¶Ò»Ñù,
ÆäÊµËûÃÇÉõÖÁÁ¬×Ô¼ºµÄ¶¼¸ã²»Çå³þ.

Òë×¢: ÕâÒ»¶Î¿ÉÄÜºÍÔÎÄÒâË¼²îºÜ¶à, ÓÐ½¨ÒéÇë²»ÁßÌá¹©.

6.18  ¿É²»¿ÉÒÔÍ¬Ê±Â¼·ÅÒô?

ÊÜÏÞì¶Ó²Ìå, ÔÚ¶àÊýÒôÐ§¿¨ÉÏÊÇ²»¿ÉÄÜµÄ. Ò»Ð©ÐÂ¿¨ÄÜÖ§Ô®Õâ¹¦ÄÜ. Çë¿´ÔÚ Hacker's
Guide to VoxwareÖÐµÄ"bidirectional mode"ÕâÒ»½Ú.

6.19  ÎÒµÄÉù°Ô¿¨16ÊÇÉèIRQ 2, ¿ÉÊÇÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½²»×¼ÎÒÉèÕâ¸öÖµ

ÔÚ'286¼°ÒÔááµÄ»úÆ÷, IRQ2ÖÐ¶ÏÁ¬½ÓÁËµÚ¶þ¸öÖÐ¶Ï¿ØÖÆÆ÷. ËüµÈÍ¬ì¶IRQ 9.

6.20  Éù°Ô¿¨AWE32¼°Éù°Ô¿¨16ASPÓÐÖ§Ô®Âð?

ÔÚ¹ýÈ¥, Creative LabsºÜ²»Ô¸ÒâÎªÕâÐ©¿¨³ö°æ³ÌÊ½Éè¼Æ×ÊÑ¶. ÏÖÔÚËûÃÇÒÑ¾¸Ä±ä²ßÂÔ,
¶øÔÚ2.1.xºËÐÄÖÐÒ²°üº¬ÁËAWEÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÁË.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      24

6.21  ÎÒÀë¿ªLinux, Æð¶¯DOS, È»ááÓÐÐ©ÈíÌå·¢Éù²»Õý³£

ÕâÔÚÅ¯¿ª»ú½øDOSáá·¢Éú. ÓÐÊ±´íÎóÑ¶Ï¢»áÎóµ¼Äú, ÒÔÎªÊÇCONFIG.SYSµµÄÄÀï Ð´´íÁË.

¶àÊýÏÖÔÚµÄÒôÐ§¿¨ÓÐÈíÌåÉè¶¨µÄIRQ¼°DMAÉè¶¨. Èç¹ûÄúµÄ¿¨ÔÚLinuxÏÂ¼°MSDOS/Windows
ÏÂÉè¶¨Öµ²»Ò»ÑùµÄ»°, ¿ÉÄÜ»áÔì³ÉÎÊÌâ. ÓÐÐ©ÒôÐ§¿¨²»×¼ÉèÐÂ²ÎÊý, ³ý·ÇÍêÈ« reset.
(Èç°ÑµçÔ´¹ØµôÔÙ´ò¿ª, »òÊ¹ÓÃÓ²ÌåÉÏµÄresetÅ¥)

¼òµ¥¶Ô¸¶·½·¨¾ÍÊÇ°´ÏÂreset¼ü, »ò°Ñ¿ª¹Ø¹ØÁËÔÙ¿ª, ²»ÒªÓÃÅ¯¿ª»ú(¼´ Ctrl-Alt-Del).

Õý½âÔòÊÇÈ·±£ÄúÔÚMS-DOS¼°LinuxÏÂ¶¼ÓÃÍ¬ÑùµÄIRQ¼°DMAÉè¶¨ (»òÇ¬´à²»ÒªÓÃDOS :-).

6.22  ÔÚLinuxÏÂÅÜDOOM³öÎÊÌâ

ÏëÍæID software³öµÄDOOMÓÎÏ·Ö®Linux°æµÄÍæ¼ÒÃÇ, ¿ÉÄÜ¶ÔÕâ¸öÓÐÐËÈ¤.

ÒªÕýÈ·µÄÒôÐ§Êä³ö, Äú±ØÐèÊ¹ÓÃ2.90°æ»òÒÔááµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½; ËüÖ§Ô®ÁË¼´Ê±µÄ
``DOOMÄ£Ê½''.

ÒôÐ§Ñù±¾ÊÇ16 bit. Èç¹ûÄúÓÃ8 bitÒôÐ§¿¨, ÄúÈÔÈ»¿ÉÒÔÓÃÒ»Ð©¿ÉÔÚ <URL:ftp://sun
site.unc/edu/pub/Linux/games/doom>ÖÐÕÒµ½µÄÒ»Ð©³ÌÊ½, ÈÃÉùÒô ³öÏÖ.

Èç¹ûDOOM¶¯×÷²»Á÷³©, °ÑÒôÐ§È¡Ïû(°Ñsndserverµµ¸ÄÃû)»áÓÐÒ»Ð©¸Ä½ø.

DOOMÔ¤Éè²»Ö§Ô®ÒôÀÖ(ÈçÍ¬DOS°æ). musserver³ÌÊ½½«Ôö¼ÓLinuxÏÂµÄ ÒôÀÖÖ§Ô®.
Ëü¿ÉÒÔÔÚ<URL:ftp://pandora.st.hmc.edu/pub/linux/musserver.tgz> ÖÐÕÒµ½.

6.23  ÔõÑù½µµÍÒôÐ§¿¨²úÉúµÄÔÓÒô?

ÓÃ¸ßÆ·ÖÊµÄÆÁ±ÎµçÀÂ, »»¸ö²å²Û²å, ¿ÉÄÜÓÐÖúì¶¼õµÍÔÓÒô. Èç¹ûÒôÐ§¿¨ÓÐÒôÁ¿µ÷ÕûÅ¥, Äú
¿ÉÒÔÊÔÊÔ²»Í¬µÄÉè¶¨(Í¨³£×î´óÉù×îºÃ)

Äú¿ÉÒÔÓÃ»ìÒô³ÌÊ½, ½«²»ÏëÒªµÄÊäÈë(ÈçÂó¿Ë·ç)µ÷³ÉÎÞÔöÒæ

ÓÐÐ©ÒôÐ§¿¨Íµ¹¤¼õÁÏ, Ã»ÓÐºÃµÄÕÚ±Î¼°½ÓµØ, ÈÝÒ×²úÉúÔÓÒô

×îáá, ÔÚÎÒµÄµçÄÔÉÏ, ÎÒ·¢ÏÖºËÐÄÃüÁîÁÐÓÐ¸öÑ¡Ïîno-hlt¿ÉÒÔ½µµÍÔÓÑ¶. Õâ¸öÑ¡
Ïî½ÐºËÐÄÔÚÅÜ¡õÖÃ»ØÈ¦Ê±²»ÒªÓÃHLTÖ¸Áî. Äú¿ÉÒÔ¿ª»úÊ±ÊÖ¶¯ÊÔÊÔ, »òÔÚLILOÉè¶¨µµÖÐ¼ÓÉÏ
append="no-hlt"

6.24  ÄÜ·ÅÒô, ²»ÄÜÂ¼Òô

Èç¹ûÄúÄÜ·ÅÒô, È´²»ÄÜÂ¼Òô, ÊÔÊÔ:

   · Ê¹ÓÃ»ìÒô³ÌÊ½Ñ¡ÔñÊÊµ±À´Ô´(ÈçÂó¿Ë·ç)

   · Ê¹ÓÃ»ìÒô³ÌÊ½½«¸ÃÀ´Ô´µÄÔöÒæµ÷µ½×î´ó

   · ¿ÉÒÔµÄ»°, ÔÚMS-DOSÏÂ²âÊÔ, ¿´¿´ÊÇ²»ÊÇÓ²Ìå·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌâ

ÓÐÊ±Â¼Òô¼°·ÅÒôÓÃµÄDMAÍ¨µÀÊÇ²»Í¬µÄ. ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏÂ°Ë³ÉÊÇÂ¼ÒôÓÃDMAÉè¶¨²»¶Ô.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      25

6.25  ±ØÐëÏÈ½øDOSÅÜÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ²»È»ÎÒµÄ"ÏàÈÝ¿¨"Ã»·¨ÓÃ

¶àÊýÇé¿öÏÂ, ``Éù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝ''¿¨ÔÚLinuxÏÂÈôÉáÉù°Ô¿¨Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½²»ÓÃ¶ø¸ÄÓÃ ±ðµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½,
»á¸üºÃÓÃ. ¶àÊýºÅ³ÆÏàÈÝ(Èç``16Î»ÔªSB ProÏàÈÝ''»òSBÏàÈÝµÄ ``16Î»Ôª'')µÄ¿¨,
ËüµÄÉù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝÄ£Ê½ÊÇÌá¹©DOSÓÎÏ·µÄÏàÈÝÐÔËù×öµÄ. ¶àÊý¿¨ÓÐ¿ÉÄÜ
±»×î½üµÄLinux(2.0.1ÒÔáá)Ö§Ô®µÄ, ×ÔÉíµÄ16Î»ÔªÄ£Ê½.

Ö»ÓÐÒ»Ð©(Í¨³£ºÜ¾É)µÄ¿¨±ØÐë³¢ÊÔÓÃÉù°Ô¿¨Ä£Ê½ÔË×÷. ÐÂ¿¨ÖÐÖ»ÓÐÒ»¸öÀýÍâ, ÄÇ¾ÍÊÇÓÃ
MwaveÎªÖ÷µÄ¿¨.

6.26  ÎÒµÄ16Î»ÔªÉù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝ¿¨ÔÚLinuxÏÂÖ»ÄÜÓÃ8Î»ÔªÄ£Ê½

ºÅ³ÆºÍÉù°Ô¿¨ÏàÈÝµÄ16Î»ÔªÒôÐ§¿¨ÆäÊµÖ»ºÍ8Î»ÔªµÄÉù°Ô¿¨ProÏàÈÝ¶øÒÑ. ËüÃÇÓÐºÍÉù°Ô¿¨
16²»ÏàÈÝµÄ16Î»ÔªÄ£Ê½, ºÍLinuxÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½²»ÏàÈÝ.

Ò²Ðí¸ÄÓÃMAD16»òMSS/WSSÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½áá, Äú¾ÍÄÜÓÃ16Î»ÔªÄ£Ê½ÁË.

6.27  ÔÚÄÄÀïÕÒµÃµ½LinuxµÄÒôÐ§ÈíÌå?

ÕâÀïÓÐÒ»Ð©ºÃµÄµµ°¸¿â, ¿ÉÒÔËÑÑ°Linux×¨ÓÃµÄÒôÐ§Ó¦ÓÃÈíÌå:

   ·  <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/kernel/sound/>

   ·  <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu:/pub/Linux/apps/sound/>

   ·  <URL:ftp://tsx-11.mit.edu:/pub/linux/packages/sound/>

   ·  <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/util/sound/>

   ·  <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/xtra/snd-kit/>

   ·  <URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi:/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/>

6.28  ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½¿É²»¿ÉÒÔ±àÒë³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é?

×îÐÂµÄºËÐÄÀïµÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½¿ÉÒÔ×ö³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é.

ÏêÇéÇë²Î¿¼:/usr/src/linux/drivers/sound/Readme.modules¼°/usr/src/linux/Documen
tation/modules.txt(»ò/usr/src/linux/README)

6.29  ÎÒÄÜ°ÑÖ÷¿ØÌ¨µÄßÙßÙÉù¸ÄÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨·¢³öÂð?

ÊÔÊÔoplbeep³ÌÊ½, ¿ÉÔÚ <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/apps/sound/oplbeep-
alpha.tar.gz> ÖÐÕÒµ½.

ÁíÒ»¸ö±äÖÖ, ½Ðbeep³ÌÊ½, ¿ÉÔÚ <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/ker
nel/patches/misc/modreq_beep.tgz> ÖÐÕÒµ½.

modutilsÌ×¼þÓÐ¸ö¡õÀý³ÌÊ½¼°ºËÐÄÐÞ²¹, Ö§Ô®ÔÚºËÐÄÒªÇóÊ±, Ö´ÐÐÍâ²¿³ÌÊ½, ²úÉúÉùÒô.

ÁíÍâÔÚÒ»Ð©ÒôÐ§¿¨ÉÏ, Äú¿ÉÒÔ½«PCÀ®°ÈÊä³öµ½ÒôÐ§¿¨ÉÏ, ÕâÑùËùÓÐÉùÒô¾Í¶¼ÓÉÒôÐ§¿¨
·¢³öÀ´ÁË.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      26

6.30  VoxWareÊÇÊ²÷á?

Ö§Ô®ºÜ¶àIntelÎª»ùÌ¨µÄUnixÏàÈÝ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³µÄºËÐÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½, Ò²¿ÉÒÔÒÔ¶ÀÁ¢ì¶
LinuxºËÐÄµÄÌ×¼þÈ¡µÃ. ÔÚ1996Äê¶þÔÂÒÔÇ°, ×÷Õß³ÆÕâÈíÌåÎª ``VoxWare''.  È»¶ø²»ÐÒµÄ,
ÕâÃû³ÆÒÑ³ÉÁËVoxWare IncorporatedµÄ×¢²áÉÌ±ê, ²»ÄÜÔÙ±»Ê¹ÓÃÁË.
ÏÖÔÚÕâ¸öÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄÐÂÃû ³Æ½ÐOSS/Free.

Open Sound System(OSS)ÊÇ¸øºÜ¶àUnixÏµÍ³ÓÃµÄ, ÉÌÒµ°æºËÐÄÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½, ÓÉ 4Front
Technologies³öÊÛ. ½Ð×ö OSS/Free µÄÃâ·Ñ°æ±¾½«¼ÌÐøÔÚLinuxÏµÍ³ÉÏÒÔÃâ·ÑÐÍÊ½´æÔÚ.

¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶¿ÉÔÚ4Front TechnologiesÍøÕ¾(ÔÚ<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/>)
ÉÏ¿´µ½.

Í¬Ò»¸ö¶«Î÷, Äú¿ÉÄÜÓÐÌý¹ýµÄÃû³Æ»¹ÓÐTASD(ÔÝÊ±µÄÎÞÃûÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½)¼°USS
(UnixÒôÐ§ÏµÍ³)

ÓûÈ¡µÃ¸ü¶à×ÊÑ¶, Çë¼û4Front TechnologiesµÄÍøÒ³, ÔÚ<URL:http://www.4front-
tech.com/>. ÎÒÔÚ1997ÄêÁùÔÂµÄLinux JournalÓÐÐ´¹ýOSS/LinuxµÄÆÀÂÛÎÄÕÂ.

6.31  ÓÐÖ§Ô®Ëæ²å¼´ÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨Âð?

µ½ÁËLinux 2.1°æááÓ¦¸ÃÄÜÍêÈ«Ö§Ô®Ëæ²å¼´ÓÃ. ÏÖÔÚÒªÈÃËæ²å¼´ÓÃÒôÐ§¿¨ÄÜÓÃ, »¹ÓÐ²»ÉÙ
Òª×öµÄ.

Èç¹ûÄúÓÃÓÐPlug and Play BIOSµÄÐÂPentium»úÆ÷, ÒªÐ¡ÐÄÉè¶¨ÄúµÄ¿¨. È·¶¨Äú½«ºËÐÄ
ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½µÄI/OÎ»Ö·, IRQ¼°DMAµÈÉèµÃºÍBIOS¸øµÄÒ»Ñù.

¸øLinuxÓÃ, ¿ÉÓÃÀ´Éè¶¨ÕâÖÖ¿¨µÄËæ²å¼´ÓÃ¹¤¾ßÊÇ´æÔÚµÄ. Äú¿ÉÒÔÔÚRed HatµÄÍøÕ¾
<URL:http://www.redhat.com/>ÕÒµ½. ËüÒ²¿ÉÄÜ°üº¬ÔÚÄúµÄLinuxÌ×²ÍÖÐ.

Èç¹ûÄúÔÚ Windows95 ÏÂÊ¹ÓÃÕâÖÖ¿¨, ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÉè±¸¹ÜÀíÔ±À´Éè¶¨¿¨, È»ááÓÃLOADLIN
Å¯Æô¶¯½øLinux. È·¶¨ Windows95 ¼° Linux Ê¹ÓÃÏàÍ¬µÄÉè¶¨²ÎÊý.

Èç¹ûÄúÔÚDOSÏÂÓÃÕâÖÖ¿¨, Äú¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃÉù°Ô¿¨16PnP¿¨¸½µÄicu¹«ÓÃ³ÌÊ½, ÔÚDOS ÏÂÉè¶¨.
È»ááÓÃLOADLINÅ¯¿ª»ú½øLinux. Ò»Ñù, È·¶¨ DOS ¼° Linux ÓÃÏàÍ¬µÄÉè¶¨²ÎÊý.

ÉÌÒµ°æµÄOSSÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ö§Ô®Éù°Ô¿¨16PnP, Äú¿ÉÒÔÏò 4Front Technologies ¹ºÂò.

6.32  Sox/Play/Vplay »Ø±¨ "invalid block size 1024"

ÔÚ1.3.67°æºËÐÄÖÐµÄ¸Ä±äÈÃ(´íÎóµÄ)¼ì²éSNDCTL_DSP_GETBLKSIZE ioctlÊÇ·ñ´«»Ø´ó
ì¶4096µÄ·ÅÒôÈíÌåÊ§Ð§. ÔÚ×îÐÂµÄsnd-util-3.x.tar.gzÌ×¼þ(ÔÚ <URL:ftp://ftp.4front-
tech.com/ossfree> ÖÐµÄ¹«ÓÃ³ÌÊ½ÏÖÒÑÄÜ´¦ÀíÕâÖÖ×´¿öÁË. ×îÐÂµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ò²ÒÑÐÞÕý,
±ÜÃâÅäÖÃÐ¡ì¶4096 bytesµÄËé¿é, ½â¾öÁË¾É¹«ÓÃ³ÌÊ½µÄÎÊÌâ.

6.33  ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÎªºÎÒªÓÃ×Ô¼ºµÄÉè¶¨³ÌÊ½?

ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ö§Ô®ºÜ¶à²»Í¬µÄÉè¶¨²ÎÊý. Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÖÐµÄconfigure
»á¼ì²é¸÷²ÎÊý¼äµÄÏàÒÀÐÔ. ¶øºËÐÄµÄÉè¶¨¹¤¾ß¾ÍÃ»ÓÐÌá¹©ÕâÑùµÄ¹¦ÄÜ.

Õâ¾ÍÊÇËµ, ×îÐÂµÄºËÐÄ²¿·ÝµØÔÊÐíÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ê¹ÓÃ±ê×¼ºËÐÄÉè¶¨¹¤¾ß(²Î¼ûÇ°Ãæ
``Éè¶¨ºËÐÄ''ÄÇÒ»Ð¡½Ú.)

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      27

6.34  ÎÒÔØÈëÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Ä£×éáá,»ìÒôÉè¶¨¾Í±»ÖØÉèÁË

Äú¿ÉÒÔ½«ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½×ö³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×é, ²¢Ê¹ÓÃkerneld×Ô¶¯ÔØÈë¼°³ýÈ¥. È»¶ø
ÕâÔì³ÉÁËÒ»¸öÎÊÌâ - µ±Ä£×éÖØÐÂÔØÈëÊ±, »ìÒôÆ÷Éè¶¨ÓÖ»Ø¹éÔ¤¶¨µÄÖµ. ¶ÔÓÐÐ©ÒôÐ§¿¨À´
Ëµ, Õâ»áÌ«´óÉù(ÈçÉù°Ô¿¨16)»òÌ«Ð¡Éù. Markus Gutschke (gutschk@uni-muen
ster.de)·¢ÏÖÁËÕâÎÊÌâµÄ½â¾öÖ®µÀ, ÔÚÄúµÄ /etc/conf.modulesµµÖÐ¼ÓÈëÈçÏÂµÄÒ»ÐÐ:

     options sound dma_buffsize=65536 && /usr/bin/setmixer igain 0 ogain 0 vol 75

Õâ»áÔÚÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½ÔØÈëááÁ¢¿ÌÖ´ÐÐÄúµÄ»ìÒô³ÌÊ½(ÔÚ¡õÀýÖÐÊÇÓÃsetmixer). dma_buff
size²ÎÊýÃ»ÓÐÒâÒå, µ«ÊÇÊÇ±ØÐèµÄ, ÒòÎªÕâ¸öÃüÁî ÐèÒªÒ»Ð©ÃüÁîÁÐµÄÑ¡Ïî.
°ÑÉÏÃæÄÇÐÐ¸Ä³ÉÄúÏëÒªµÄ»ìÒô¼°ÔöÒæÉè¶¨Öµ.

Èç¹ûÄú½«ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½Á¬½øºËÐÄ, ¶øÏëÔÚ¿ª»úáá¾Í×Ô¶¯Éè¶¨ÒôÁ¿, Äú¿ÉÒÔÔÚ¿ª»ú×Ô¶¯Ö´ÐÐ
µµ/etc/rc.d/rc.localÖÐ½«»ìÒô³ÌÊ½¼Ó½øÈ¥.

6.35  Ö»ÓÐrootÄÜÂ¼Òô

ÔÚReadme.linuxÖÐµÄscript, »á½«ÒôÐ§Éè±¸µµÉè³É½öÓÐroot¿É¶Á, ÕâÊÇÎªÁËÌî²¹
°²È«ÉÏµÄÂ©¶´. ÔÚÍøÂ·»·¾³Àï, ÍâÃæµÄÊ¹ÓÃÕß¿ÉÒÔÔ¶¶ËÁ¬½øÓÐÒôÐ§¿¨¼°Âó¿Ë·çµÄLinuxÏµÍ³
²¢ÇÔÌý. Èç¹ûÄú²»µ£ÐÄÕâ¸ö, Äú¿ÉÒÔ¸Ä±äÕâ¸öscriptÖÐµÄÈ¨ÏÞ.

ÔÚÔ¤ÉèµÄ°²×°·¨, Ò»°ãÊ¹ÓÃÕßÈÔÈ»¿ÉÒÔ²¥·ÅÒôÐ§µµ. Õâ²»»áÔì³É°²È«ÉÏµÄ¸ºµ£, ·´¶ø¿É
ÒÔÊ¡µôºÜ¶àÂé·³.

6.36  ÔÚIBM ThinkPadÉÏµÄÒôÐ§Ó²Ìå¿ÉÒÔÖ§Ô®Âð?

¹Øì¶ÈçºÎÔÚLinuxÏÂÊ¹ÓÃIBM ThinkPadÉÏµÄmwaveÒôÐ§¿¨Ö®×ÊÑ¶,
¿ÉÔÚ<URL:http://www.screamin.demon.co.uk/>²éµ½.

7.  ²Î¿¼×ÊÁÏ

Èç¹ûÄúÓÐÆ¬Ö§Ô®CD-ROM»òSCSI½éÃæµÄÒôÐ§¿¨, ²ÎÔÄ SCSI HOWTO ¼°CD-ROM HOWTO
¿ÉÄÜ¿ÉÒÔ¸øÄú¸ü¶àÓÐÓÃµÄ×ÊÑ¶.

Sound Playing HOWTO Ôò¶ÔÈçºÎÔÚLinuxÏÂ²¥·Å¸÷ÖÖ²»Í¬µÄÒôÐ§¼°ÒôÀÖµµÓÐËù½éÉÜ.

Ultrasound Plug'n'play Mini-HOWTOÔòÃèÊöÁËÈçºÎÈÃGravis UltraSound PnP¿¨ÔÚLin
uxÏÂÊ¹ÓÃµÄ×ÊÑ¶.

Linux SoundBlaster 16 PnP Mini-HOWTOÃèÊöÈçºÎÔÚLinuxÏÂÊ¹ÓÃPnPµÄ SoundBlaster 16
ÒôÐ§¿¨.

Linux SoundBlaster AWE64 PnP Mini-HOWTOÃèÊöÔÚLinuxÏÂÊ¹ÓÃ SoundBlaster
AWE64µÄ·½·¨.

ÓÐ·Ý½Ð×öHacker's Guide to VoxWareµÄÎÄ¼þ¿ÉÔÚ
<URL:ftp://nic.funet.fi/pub/OS/Linux/ALPHA/sound/>ÕÒÖø. ËäÈ»´ó²¿·ÝÄÚÈÝÒÑ
±»<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/pguide>ÖÐµÄÕâ·ÝËùÈ¡´ú, µ«¹Øì¶ /dev/seque
cerµÄÕâ½ÚÈÔÈ»¿ÉÄÜÓÐÓÃ´¦.

ÒÔÏÂµÄFAQ¶¨ÆÚÕÅÌùì¶UsenetÌÖÂÛÇønews.announce
ÒÔ¼°µµ°¸¿â<URL:ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers>ÖÐ:

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      28

   ·  PCsoundcards/generic-faq (Generic PC Soundcard FAQ)

   ·  PCsoundcards/soundcard-faq (comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard FAQ)

   ·  PCsoundcards/gravis-ultrasound/faq (Gravis UltraSound FAQ)

   ·  audio-fmts/part1 (Audio file format descriptions)

   ·  audio-fmts/part2 (Audio file format descriptions)

ÕâÐ©FAQÒ²ÁÐ³öÒ»Ð©ºÍ²úÆ·Ïà¹ØµÄÍ¨ÐÅÂÛÌ³¼°µµ°¸¿â. ÒÔÏÂµÄUsenetÌÖÂÛÇøÖ÷ÒªÌÖÂÛÒôÐ§¼°
ÒôÀÖÏà¹ØµÄÌâ²Ä:

   ·  alt.binaries.sounds.*  (ÕÅÌùÒôÐ§µµ,ºÜ¶àÈº×é)

   ·  alt.binaries.multimedia (ÕÅÌù¶àÃ½Ìåµµ°¸ÓÃ)

   ·  alt.sb.programmer (ºÍÉù°Ô¿¨³ÌÊ½Éè¼ÆÓÐ¹Ø)

   ·  comp.multimedia (¶àÃ½Ìå×¨Ìâ)

   ·  comp.music (µçÄÔÒôÀÖÀíÂÛÑÐ¾¿)

   ·  comp.sys.ibm.pc.soundcard.*  (¸÷ÖÖIBM PCÒôÐ§¿¨µÄÈº×é)

ÔÚ<URL:http://viswiz.gmd.de/MultimediaInfo/> ÓÐ¸ö¶àÃ½Ìå×¨ÃÅÕ¾Ì¨. Creative Labs
µÄÍøÕ¾ÔòÔÚ<URL:http://www.creaf.com/>.  MediaTrix µÄÍøÕ¾ÔÚ<URL:http://www.medi
atrix.com/>

LinuxÍ¨ÐÅÂÛÌ³ÓÐÐí¶à¹Øì¶²»Í¬Ö÷Ìâ, °üÀ¨ÒôÐ§, µÄÆµµÀ. ÏëÖªµÀÈçºÎ²Î¼Ó, ¼Ä
Ò»·âÄÚÈÝÎª"help"µÄÐÅµ½majordomo@vger.rutgers.edu.
×îºÃ²»ÒªÓÃËüÀ´ÎÊÈçºÎÉè¶¨ÒôÐ§¿¨ÕâÀàÎÊÌâ, ËüÃÇÊÇÎª¿ª·¢ÕßÌÖÂÛÓÃµÄ.

Ç°ÃæÌá¹ýºÃ¼¸´ÎÁË, ÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½°üº¬ºÜ¶àReadmeµµ, ÀíÃæÓÐºÜ¶àºÍÇý¶¯³Ì
Ê½Ïà¹ØµÄ×ÊÑ¶. ËüÃÇ³£³£·ÅÔÚ/usr/src/linux/drivers/soundÄ¿Â¼Àï.

Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½×÷Õß Hannu Savolainen ¿ÉÒÔÓÉµç×ÓÓÊ¼þ¼Äµ½ hannu@voxware.pp.fi È¡µÃÁªÂç.
ËûÒ²ÓÐ¸öÍøÕ¾ÔÚ<URL:http://personal.eunet.fi/pp/voxware>
Õâ¶ÔÏëÖªµÀÇý¶¯³ÌÊ½×îÐÂ×´¿öÈçÖ§Ô®µÄÒôÐ§¿¨, ÒÑÖªÎÊÌâ¼°ÐÞÕýµÈµÄÈËÀ´ËµÊÇ×î¼ÑÀ´Ô´.

ÔÚ4Front TechnologiesÍøÕ¾<URL:http://www.4front-tech.com/>ÉÏ, ¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½
Linux¼°ÆäËüUnixÏàÈÝ×÷ÒµÏµÍ³ÓÃµÄÉÌÒµ°æÒôÐ§Çý¶¯³ÌÊ½OSSµÄ×ÊÑ¶.

Linux Software MapÊÇËÑË÷LinuxÈíÌåµÄ¼«¼Ñ²Î¿¼. ÓÃ¹Ø¼ü×ÖÏñ
soundËÑÑ°LSMÊÇÊ¶±ð¹Øì¶ÒôÐ§Ó²ÌåµÄÓ¦ÓÃ³ÌÊ½Ö®ºÃ°ì·¨. LSM¿ÉÔÚºÜ¶àÄäÃûµµ°¸ ¿â,
°üÀ¨<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/LSM.gz>ÖÐÕÒµ½.

Linux ÎÄ¼þ¼Æ»(LDP)ÖÆ×÷ÁËºÃ¼¸±¾ Linux µÄÊé, °üÀ¨ Linux Installation and Getting
Started. ÕâÐ©¿É´ÓÖ÷ÒªµÄ Linux FTP µµ°¸¿âÃâ·ÑÈ¡µÃ, »òÊÇ»¨Ç®ÂòÓ²¿½±´ÐÍÊ½µÄÎÄ¼þ.

×îááÄØ, ËäÈ»ÓÐµãÎÞ³Ü, ²»¹ý»¹ÊÇÈÝÎÒÔÚ´Ë´ò´òÐ¡¹ã¸æ: Èç¹ûÄãÏëÑ§Ñ§¸ü¶à¹Øì¶ÔÚ Linux
ÏÂµÄ¶àÃ½Ìå( ÌØ±ðÊÇ¹Øì¶ CD-ROM ¼°ÒôÐ§¿¨Ó¦ÓÃ¼°³ÌÊ½Éè¼ÆµÄ), µ½ÊéµêÕÒÕÒÎÒ±àÖøµÄ
Linux Multimedia Guide,ISBN 1-56592-219-0, ÓÉ O'Reilly and Associates ¹«Ë¾³ö°æ.
³ýÁËÔÊ¼µÄÓ¢ÎÄ°æÍâ, ·¨ÎÄ°æºÍÈÕÎÄ°æÒ²Õý¸¶Ó¡ÖÐ. ÈôÔÚ±±ÃÀÖÞ, Çëµç 800-998-9938.

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      29

»òÊÇ¹â¹ËÒÔÏÂÕ¾Ì¨: <URL:http://www.ora.com/catalog/multilinux/noframes.html>
»ò±¾ÈËµÄÍøÖ·<URL:http://www.pobox.com/~tranter/>

The Linux Sound HOWTO -- Linux ÒôÐ§Ö¸Òý                                      30