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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ
×÷Õß: Robert Hart hartr@interweft.com.au
ÒëÕß: Asd L. Chen & C.W.Huang
v3.0, 31 March 1997. ·ÒëÈÕÆÚ: 25 August - 9 October 1997
Abstract
Õâ·ÝÎļþչʾÈçºÎ°ÑÄãµÄ Linux PC Á¬½Óµ½Ò»Ì¨ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ£¬ ÈçºÎʹÓÃ
PPP °ÑÇøÓòÍø·Á¬½áÔÚÒ»Æð²¢ÇÒÌṩһÖÖ°ÑÄãµÄ Linux µçÄÔÉ趨Ϊ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ·½·¨£® ±¾ÎÄͬʱÌṩ°ïÖúÕì´íÎÞ·¨Õý³£ÔË×÷µÄ PPP Á¬½á£®
CONTENTS
1. ¼ò½é .................................................................... 2
1.1 ¿Í»§¶ËÒÔ¼°ËÅ·þ¶Ë ................................................... 2
1.2 ²»Í¬ Linux Ì×¼þ¼äµÄ²îÒì ............................................ 3
1.3 Ì×¼þÏà¹ØµÄ PPP ÅäÖù¤¾ß ............................................ 3
2. IP ºÅÂë ................................................................. 4
3. Õâ·ÝÎļþµÄÄ¿µÄ .......................................................... 5
3.1 ÉèÁ¢ PPP ¿Í»§¶Ë .................................................... 5
3.2 ʹÓà PPP Á¬½áÁ½¸öÇøÓòÍø·»òÁ¬½áÒ»¸öÇøÓòÍø·µ½Íø¼ÊÍø·ÉÏ ........... 5
3.3 ÉèÁ¢ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ .................................................... 5
3.4 ʹÓà PPP ì¶Ö±½ÓÀÂÏß(direct null modem)Á¬½á ......................... 6
3.5 Õâ·ÝÎļþÄ¿Ç°ÉÐδº¸ÇµÄ... .......................................... 6
4. º¸ÇµÄÈíÌå°æ±¾ .......................................................... 6
5. ÆäËüÓÐÓõģ¯ÖØÒªµÄÎļþ .................................................. 7
5.1 ÓÐÓÃµÄ Linux µç×ÓÓʵÝÁбí .......................................... 8
6. ½« PPP É趨Ϊ¿Í»§¶ËµÄ¹¤×÷¸ÅÒª ........................................... 8
6.1 È¡µÃ/°²×°ÈíÌå ...................................................... 8
6.2 ±àÒëºËÐļÓÈë PPP Ö§Ô® .............................................. 9
6.3 ´ÓÄãµÄ ISP È¡µÃ×ÊѶ ................................................ 9
6.4 É趨ÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»ú¼°´®Áвº ............................................. 9
6.5 ½¨Á¢Ãû³Æµ½Î»Ö·½âÎö(DNS) ........................................... 10
6.6 PPP Óë root ȨÏÞ .................................................. 10
6.7 ¼ì²éÄãµÄ PPP Ì×¼þµµ°¸¼°É趨 PPP Ñ¡Ïî .............................. 10
6.8 Èç¹ûÄãµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà PAP ÈÏÖ¤(Password Authentication Proto
col) .............................................................. 10
6.9 ÒÔÊÖ¶¯·½Ê½Á¬½ÓÖÁ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ ....................................... 11
6.10 ʹÄãµÄ PPP Á¬½á×Ô¶¯»¯ ............................................. 11
6.11 ½áÊøÁ¬½á .......................................................... 11
6.12 Èç¹ûÄãÔâÓöÎÊÌâ .................................................... 11
6.13 ½¨Á¢Á¬½áÖ®áá ...................................................... 11
6.14 ¶¯Ì¬ IP Á¬½ÓÌṩ±ê×¼ IP ·þÎñµÄÎÊÌâ ................................ 12
7. ÅäÖÃÄãµÄ Linux ºËÐÄ .................................................... 12
7.1 °²×° Linux ºËÐÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂë ......................................... 12
7.2 ¡õ½âÄãµÄÓ²Ìå ...................................................... 13
7.3 ±àÒëºËÐÄ £ Linux 1.2.13 ºËÐÄ ..................................... 13
7.4 ±àÒëºËÐÄ - Linux 1.3.x ¼° 2.0.x ºËÐÄ ............................. 13
7.5 PPP-2.2 Óë /proc/net/dev µÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî ............................... 14
7.6 ÅäÖúËÐĵÄÒ»°ã¿¼Á¿ ................................................ 15
8. È¡µÃÄãËùÐèµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷×ÊѶ ............................................ 15
9. É趨ÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»ú¼°´®Áвº ................................................. 16
9.1 ´®ÁвºÓëËÙ¶ÈÏàÈÝÐÔµÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî ...................................... 17
9.2 ´®ÁвºÃû³Æ ........................................................ 18
9.3
i
ÅäÖÃÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»ú .................................................... 18
9.4 ´®ÁÐÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî .............................................. 19
9.5 ²âÊÔÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»úµÄ²¦³ö¹¦ÄÜ .......................................... 19
10. ½¨Á¢Ãû³Æµ½Î»Ö·½âÎö(DNS) ................................................ 20
10.1 /etc/resolv.conf µµ°¸ ............................................. 21
10.2 /etc/host.conf µµ°¸ ............................................... 22
11. ʹÓà PPP Óë root ȨÏÞ .................................................. 22
12. É趨 PPP Á¬½Óµµ°¸ ...................................................... 23
12.1 Ìæ´úµÄ options.tpl µµ°¸ ........................................... 24
12.2 ÎÒÓ¦¸ÃʹÓÃʲ÷áÑ¡Ïî? (ÎÞ PAP/CHAP) ................................. 30
13. Èç¹ûÄãµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà PAP ÈÏÖ¤(Password Authentication Protocol) ..... 30
13.1 ʹÓà MSCHAP ....................................................... 31
13.2 PAP/CHAP ÃÜÂëµµ°¸ ................................................. 31
13.3 PAP ÃÜÂëµµ ........................................................ 32
13.4 CHAP ÃÜÂëµµ ....................................................... 32
13.5 ´¦Àí¶àÖØ PAP ÈÏÖ¤Á¬½Ó ............................................. 33
14. ÒÔÊÖ¶¯·½Ê½½¨Á¢ PPP Á¬½á ................................................ 33
15. ʹÄãµÄÁ¬½á×Ô¶¯»¯ - ´´ÔìÁ¬½áÖ¸Áî¸å ...................................... 36
15.1 ÒÔʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ£¯ÃÜÂëÈÏÖ¤µÄÖ¸Áî¸å .................................... 36
15.2 ppp-on Ö¸Áî¸å ..................................................... 37
15.3 ±à¼ÕâÀïËùÌṩµÄÆðʼָÁî¸å ........................................ 39
15.4 Ò»·Ý chat Ö¸Áî¸åÆäÖеĺ¬Òâ... ..................................... 40
15.5 ʹÓÃì¶ PAP/CHAP ÑéÈÏÁ¬ÏßµÄ chat Ö¸Áî¸å ............................ 42
15.6 pppd µÄ debug Óë file option_file Ñ¡Ïî ............................ 42
16. ²âÊÔÄãµÄÁ¬ÏßÖ¸Áî¸å ..................................................... 42
17. ½áÊø PPP Á¬½á .......................................................... 44
18. Õì´í ................................................................... 45
18.1 ÎÒ°Ñ PPP ±àÒë½øÈ¥µ«ÊÇ Linux ˵ÎÒûÓÐ... ........................... 45
18.2 ÎÒµÄÊý¾Ý»úÁ¬ÉÏÁ˵« PPP ²¢Î´Æô¶¯ ................................... 45
18.3 ϵͳ¼Ç¼˵ "serial line is not 8 bit clean..." .................... 46
18.4 ²»ÄÜÉèÁ¢Ô¤ÉèµÝËÍ·¾¶ .............................................. 47
18.5 ÆäËüÎÊÌâ .......................................................... 47
19. µ±ÍêÈ«ÏÝ춽ºÖøʱÈçºÎÈ¡µÃ°ïÖú ........................................... 47
20. Á¬½áÔË×÷Ö®ááµÄÆÕ±éÎÊÌâ ................................................. 48
20.1 ÎÒÎÞ·¨¿´¼ûÎÒÁ¬ÏßµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ÒÔÍâµÄÊÀ½ç ........................... 48
20.2 ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔ¼ÄË͵ç×ÓÓʼþ£¬µ«²»ÄܽÓÊÕ .................................... 48
20.3 Ϊʲ÷áÈËÃDz»ÄÜÀ´ÎҵĻúÆ÷ finger, WWW, gopher, talk µÈµÈ? .......... 49
21. ÒÔ¶¯Ì¬ IP ÌṩÍø¼ÊÍø··þÎñ ............................................. 49
21.1 É趨µç×ÓÓʼþ ...................................................... 49
21.2 É趨±¾µØµÄÃû³ÆËÅ·þÆ÷ .............................................. 50
ii
22. ʹÓà PPP Á¬½áÁ½¸öÍø· .................................................. 50
22.1 É趨 IP ºÅÂë ...................................................... 51
22.2 É趨µÝËÍ·¾¶ ...................................................... 51
22.3 Íø·°²È« .......................................................... 51
23. ½¨Á¢Á¬½áÖ®áá - /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸å ................................... 51
23.1 ÌØÊâµÝËÍ·¾¶ ...................................................... 52
23.2 ´¦Àíµç×ÓÓʼþØùÁÐ .................................................. 52
23.3 Ò»¸ö /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸åµÄÀý×Ó .................................. 52
23.4 ´¦Àíµç×ÓÓʼþ ...................................................... 54
24. ʹÓà /etc/ppp/ip-down .................................................. 55
25. ÇøÓòÍø·ÉϵĵÝËÍÎÊÌâ ................................................... 55
25.1 °²È«ÉϵÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî .................................................. 56
26. ½¨Á¢ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ ........................................................ 56
26.1 ±àÒëºËÐÄ .......................................................... 56
26.2 ËÅ·þÆ÷ϵͳµÄ¸Å¹Û .................................................. 57
26.3 ËùÐèµÄÈ«²¿ÈíÌå .................................................... 57
26.4 É趨±ê×¼µÄ²¦½Ó(shell access) ...................................... 57
26.5 ÉèÁ¢ PPP Ñ¡Ïîµµ°¸ ................................................. 58
26.6 É趨 pppd ÒÔ±ãÈÃʹÓÃÕߣ¨³É¹¦µØ£©Ö´ÐÐËü ............................ 58
26.7 Ϊ pppd É趨һ¸öÈ«ÓòµÄ±ðÃû(alias) ................................. 59
27. ÔÚ null modem (Ö±½ÓÁ¬Ïß)ÉÏʹÓà PPP ..................................... 59
iii
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2. <URL:http://www.interweft.com.au/other/ppp-howto/ppp-howto.html>
3. <URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/HOWTO/other-formats>
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 1
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 2
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1. ¼ò½é
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-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1776 Feb 9 05:01 rc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 820 Jan 2 1996 rc.local
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2567 Jul 5 20:30 rc.sysinit
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Jul 6 15:12 rc0.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Jul 6 15:12 rc1.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Jul 6 15:12 rc2.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Jul 18 18:07 rc3.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 May 27 1995 rc4.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Jul 6 15:12 rc5.d
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1024 Jul 6 15:12 rc6.d
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 4
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4. <URL:http://www.interweft.com.au>
5. <URL:http://www.Red Hat.com>
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 5
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 6
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· Ëæ¸½ì¶ PPP Ì×¼þµÄÎļþ;
· pppd ÒÔ¼° chat µÄÏßÉÏʹÓÃÊÖ²á;
(ʹÓà man chat ÒÔ¼° man pppd À´ÔĶÁ)
· Linux Íø·¹ÜÀíÖ¸Òý (NAG);
²ÎÔÄ The Network Administrators' Guide8
· Net-2/3 HOWTO;
²ÎÔÄ Linux NET-2/3-HOWTO9
· ÔÚ /usr/src/linux/Documentation ÀïµÄ Linux ºËÐÄÎļþ;
· Êý¾Ý»úÉ趨×ÊѶ - ²ÎÔÄ Modem Setup Information10
· ÓÉ O'Reilly and Associates ³ö°æµÄ×î¼Ñ Unix/Linux Êé¼®£¨²ÎÔÄ O'Reilly and
Associates On-Line Catalogue11 ÀïµÄĿ¼£©£® Èç¹ûÄãÊÇ Unix/Linux
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8. <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/LDP-books/nag-1.0/nag.html>
9. <URL:http://sunsite.unc.edu/mdw/HOWTO/NET-2-HOWTO.html>
10.<URL:http://www.in.net/info/modems/index.html>
11.<URL:http://www.ora.com/>
12.<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/docs/faqs>
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 8
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Linux ÎļþµÄ×î¼ÑÆðµã¾ÍÊÇ The Linux Documentation Project Home Page13 . HOWTOs
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ing lists ÖÐÎʳö½ÏÓÐÉî¶ÈµÄÎÊÌâ)£®
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Linux µç×ÓÓʵÝÁбíÒ»¸öºÜºÃµÄÆðµãÊÇ Linux Mailing List Directory14 £®
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Èç¹ûÄãµÄ Linux Ì×¼þ²¢Î´°üº¬ PPP ÈíÌ壬Äã¿É´Ó´ËÈ¡µÃ: the Linux PPP daemon15 .
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14.<URL:http://summer.snu.ac.kr/~djshin/linux/mail-list/index.shtml>
15.<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/network/serial/ppp/ppp-2.2.0g.tar.gz>
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 9
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6.2 ±àÒëºËÐļÓÈë PPP Ö§Ô®
Linux µÄ PPP ÔË×÷°üº¬Á½²¿·Ý
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PPP Dynamic channel allocation code copyright 1995 Caldera, Inc.
PPP line discipline registered.
ÄãµÄºËÐÄÒѱàÒë PPP Ö§Ô®ÔÚÄÚ£®
ÄǾÍÊÇ˵£¬²»ÂÛÄãʹÓÃʲ÷áÌ×¼þÄã¿ÉÄÜÏ£Íû×ÔÐбàÒëºËÐÄÒÔÔÚÄãµÄÌض¨Ó²ÌåÅäÖÃ֮ϵõ½×îÓÐЧµÄϵͳ×ÊÔ´ÀûÓã®
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±¾ÎļþÔÚ ÅäÖÃÄãµÄ Linux ºËÐÄ (section configuration-hn], page configuration-
pn]) Ò»½ÚÌṩÁËÖØбàÒëºËÐĵÄ×îÉÙ˵Ã÷£®
ϸ½Ú²¿·ÝÇë²ÎÔÄ The Linux Kernel HOWTO16 £®
6.3 ´ÓÄãµÄ ISP È¡µÃ×ÊѶ
¼¸ºõÓÐÎÞÊýÖÖÉ趨 PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ·½·¨£® ΪÁËÁ¬ÉÏÄãµÄ ISP, Äã±ØÐëÈ¡µÃ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷ÈçºÎÔË×÷µÄ×ÊѶ£®
ÒòΪÄãÓõÄÊÇ Linux, ÔÚһЩ½öÖªµÀ MS Windows ¿Í»§¶ËµÄ ISP
ÚÑѯ²¿ÃÅ¿ÉÄÜ»áÔâÓöÀ§ÄÑ£®
È»¶ø£¬ÓúÀ´Óú¶àµÄ ISP ʹÓà Linux Ìṩ·þÎñ - ¶øÇÒ Linux
Ò²ÉøÈ빫˾»·¾³£¬Èç¹ûÄãÕæµÄÓöµ½ÎÊÌâÄãÒ²¿ÉÄÜ»áºÜÐÒÔË£®
È¡µÃÄãËùÐèµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷×ÊѶ (section info-hn], page info-pn])
Ò»½Ú¸æËßÄãÐèÒªÖªµÀÄãÁ¬½ÓµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄʲ÷á×ÊѶ - ÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎÕÒ³öÕâЩ×ÊѶ£®
6.4 É趨ÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»ú¼°´®Áвº
ΪÁËÁ¬ÉÏ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷²¢È¡µÃ×î¼ÑµÄ×ÊÁÏ´«ÊäËÙÂÊ£¬ÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»ú±ØÐëÉ趨ÕýÈ·£®
ͬÑùµØ£¬Á¬½ÓÊý¾Ý»ú¼°µçÄԵĴ®ÁвºÒ²±ØÐëÕýÈ·µØÉ趨£®
É趨ÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»ú¼°´®Áвº (section 9., page 16) Ò»½ÚÌṩÕâ·½ÃæµÄ×ÊѶ£®
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 10
6.5 ½¨Á¢Ãû³Æµ½Î»Ö·½âÎö(DNS)
³ýÁËÖ´ÐÐ PPP ¼°×Ô¶¯Ç©Èë PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄµµ°¸Ö®Í⣬»¹ÓÐһЩÎÄ×ÖÅäÖõµ°¸±ØÐëÉ趨£¬
ÒÔ±ãÈÃÄãµÄµçÄÔÄܽ«ÏñÕâÑùµÄÃû³Æ www.interweft.com.au ½âÎöΪ IP
λַÒÔ±ãÕæÕýÓëÄÇ̨µçÄÔÁ¬Ïߣ® ÕâЩµµ°¸ÊÇ:-
· /etc/resolv.conf
· /etc/host.conf
½¨Á¢Ãû³Æµ½Î»Ö·½âÎö (section 10., page 20) Ò»½ÚÌṩÕâ·½ÃæµÄÉ趨ϸ½Ú£®
ÌرðµØ£¬Äã²¢²»ÐèÒªÔÚÄãµÄ Linux PC
ÉÏÖ´ÐÐÃû³ÆËÅ·þÆ÷ÒÔÁ¬½Óµ½Íø¼ÊÍø·ÉÏ(ËäÈ»»òÐíÄã»áÏëÕâ÷á×ö)£®
ÄãËùÐèµÄÖ»ÊÇÖªµÀÖÁÉÙÒ»²¿ÄãÄÜʹÓõÄÃû³ÆËÅ·þÆ÷ IP λַ(×îºÃÊÇÄãµÄ ISP ËùÌṩµÄ)£®
6.6 PPP Óë root ȨÏÞ
ÒòΪÔÚÄãµÄ Linux µçÄÔÓëÁíÒ»¸ö PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷½¨Á¢Á¬½áÐèÒª²Ù×÷Íø·½çÃæ(PPP
½çÃæÊÇÒ»¸öÍø·½çÃæ)ÓëºËÐĵÄ·ÓÉ±í£¬pppd ÐèҪʹÓà root µÄȨÏÞ£®
ϸ½Ú²¿·Ý£¬²ÎÔÄ Ê¹Óà PPP Óë root ȨÏÞ (section 11., page 22) Ò»½Ú£®
6.7 ¼ì²éÄãµÄ PPP Ì×¼þµµ°¸¼°É趨 PPP Ñ¡Ïî
Óкü¸¸öÅäÖü°²¦ºÅµµ°¸ÐèÒª½¨Á¢ÒÔ±ãÈà PPP ÔË×÷£®ÔÚ PPP
Ì×¼þÖÐÓÐһЩ¡õÀý£¬¶ø±¾½Ú¸æËßÄãÓ¦ÓеÄÕâЩµµ°¸ÊÇʲ÷á:-
/etc/ppp/options
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on-dialer
/etc/ppp/options.tpl
¿´ÄãÏëÓà PPP ´ïµ½µÄÄ¿±êÊÇʲ÷áÄã¿ÉÄÜÐèҪһЩ¶îÍâµÄµµ°¸:-
/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX
/etc/ppp/ip-up
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets
/etc/ppp/chap-secrets
³ý´ËÖ®Í⣬PPP daemon ÓдóÁ¿µÄÏßÉÏÑ¡ÏÕýÈ·µØʹÓÃÊǺÜÖØÒªµÄ;
Òò´Ë±¾½Ú´øÄã¿´ÕâЩ±ê×¼ PPP Ñ¡Ïî²¢°ïÖúÄãÑ¡ÔñÄãӦʹÓõÄÑ¡Ï
ϸ½Ú²¿·Ý£¬Çë²ÎÔÄ É趨 PPP Á¬½Óµµ°¸ (section 12., page 23) Ò»½Ú£®
6.8 Èç¹ûÄãµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà PAP ÈÏÖ¤(Password Authentication Protocol)
Ðí¶à ISP ÉèÁ¢ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà PAP ÈÏÖ¤£®Èç¹ûÄãµÄËÅ·þÆ÷²¢²»Ê¹Óà PAP
(Èç¹ûÄã¿ÉÒÔÓÃÊÖ¶¯Ç©Èë²¢ÊÕµ½±ê×¼µÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ/ÃÜÂëÌáʾ·ûºÅÄÇ÷áËü²¢Î´Ê¹ÓÃ
PAP)£¬ÄÇ÷áÄã¿ÉÒÔÌø¹ý´Ë½Ú£®
È¡´úÔÚ½øÈëËÅ·þÆ÷ʱ³öÏÖÌáʾ·ûºÅÊäÈëʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ¼°ÃÜÂëµÄÊÇ£¬Ê¹Óà PAP µÄ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷²¢²»ÐèÒªÎÄ×ÖģʽµÄÇ©È뷽ʽ£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 11
ʹÓÃÕßÈÏÖ¤ÊÇÁ¬½Ó¿ØÖÆж¨(link control protocol, LCP)µÄÒ»²¿·Ý£¬ÔÚ½¨Á¢ PPP
Á¬ÏßÖ®³õÆÚ½»»»µÄ×ÊѶ£®
Èç¹ûÄãµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà PAP ÈÏÖ¤(Password Authentication Protocol) (section
13., page 30) Ò»½ÚÌṩÄãʹÓà PAP ½¨Á¢ PPP Á¬½áËùÐèµµ°¸µÄ×ÊѶ£®
6.9 ÒÔÊÖ¶¯·½Ê½Á¬½ÓÖÁ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷
ÒѾ½¨Á¢Íê»ù±¾µÄµµ°¸Ö®áᣬ͸¹ýÊÖ¶¯(ʹÓà minicom »ò seyon)µÄ·½Ê½Á¬½Ó¼°Æô¶¯Äã
Linux PC µÄ pppd À´²âÊÔÊǸö²»´íµÄÖ÷Ò⣮
²Î¼û ÒÔÊÖ¶¯·½Ê½½¨Á¢ PPP Á¬½á (section 14., page 33) ˵Ã÷É趨µÄϸ½Ú²¿·Ý£®
6.10 ʹÄãµÄ PPP Á¬½á×Ô¶¯»¯
Ò»µ©Äã³É¹¦µØÓÃÊÖ¶¯·½Ê½Ç©È룬Äã¿ÉÒÔÊÔÖø½¨Á¢Ò»Ö¸Áî¸åÒÔ×Ô¶¯½¨Á¢´ËÁ¬½á£®
ʹÄãµÄÁ¬½á×Ô¶¯»¯ - ´´ÔìÁ¬½áÖ¸Áî¸å (section 15., page 36)
Ò»½Ú°üº¬Á˽¨Á¢ËùÐèµÄÖ¸Áî¸å£¬ÒÔ¼°Ï൱¶àµÄ×¢ÒâÁ¦¼¯ÖÐÔÚ chat ÃüÁîì¶ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄÇ©Èë¹ý³Ì£®
Õâ½ÚÒ²ÌÖÂÛÁËʹÓÃÖ¸Áî¸åì¶ PAP/CHAP ÈÏÖ¤µÄËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏ£®
6.11 ½áÊøÁ¬½á
Ò»µ©ÄãµÄÁ¬½áÄܹ»½¨Á¢²¢Õý³£Õý×÷£¬Äã±ØÐèÄܹ»½áÊøÁ¬½á£®
ÕâÔÚ ½áÊø PPP Á¬½á (section 17., page 44) Ò»½Ú˵Ã÷£®
6.12 Èç¹ûÄãÔâÓöÎÊÌâ
Ðí¶àÈËÎÞ·¨Èà PPP Õý³£µØ¹¤×÷£®PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄÖÖÀàÒÔ¼°ºÍËüÃǽ¨Á¢Á¬Ïߵķ½·¨Óзdz£¶àÖÖ£® ÀàËƵأ¬PPP ÓÐÐí¶àµÄÑ¡Ïî -
¶øÓÐЩѡÏîÊDz»ÄÜÒ»ÆðÓõģ®
³ýÁËÇ©Èë²¢Æðʼ PPP ·þÎñµÄÎÊÌâÖ®Í⣬Êý¾Ý»ú±¾Éí¼°µç»°Ïß·Ҳ¿ÉÄÜ»áÓÐÎÊÌ⣮
½â¾öÎÊÌâ (section 18., page 45)
Ò»½ÚÌṩһ°ã´íÎóµÄ»ù±¾×ÊѶ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎ·ÖÀë²¢½â¾öµÄ·½·¨£®
ÕâÀïÌṩµÄ²»¹ýÊÇ»ù±¾µÄ×ÊѶ£®Al Longyear Ëùά»¤µÄ PPP-FAQ
°üº¬Á˸ü¶àÕâÒ»·½ÃæµÄ×ÊѶ!
6.13 ½¨Á¢Á¬½áÖ®áá
Ò»µ© PPP Á¬½á¿ÉÒÔÔË×÷ÁË(ÌرðµØ£¬Ò»µ© IP ²ã¿ÉÒÔÔË×÷)£¬Linux µÄ PPP
¿ÉÒÔ×Ô¶¯Ö´ÐÐ(ÒÔ root Éí·Ý)Ò»Ö¸Áî¸åÍê³ÉÈκÎÄãÏë´ï³ÉµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£®
½¨Á¢Á¬½áÖ®áá (section 23., page 51) Ò»½ÚÌṩ /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸åµÄ×ÊѶ£¬
ËüÈçºÎ½ÓÊÕ PPP ´«À´µÄ²ÎÊýÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎÀûÓÃËüÀ´×öһЩÏñ×Ô ISP È¡»ØÄãµÄµç×ÓÓʼþ£¬
ËͳöÔÚÄã»úÆ÷ØùÁÐÖдæ·ÅµÄÓʼþµÈµÈ¹¤×÷£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 12
6.14 ¶¯Ì¬ IP Á¬½ÓÌṩ±ê×¼ IP ·þÎñµÄÎÊÌâ
¾ÍÏñÔÚ¼ò½éÒ»½ÚÀïÖ¸³öµÄ£¬¶¯Ì¬ IP ºÅÂëÓ°ÏìÄãµÄ Linux PC
×÷ΪÍø¼ÊÍø·ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄÄÜÁ¦£®
¶¯Ì¬ IP Á¬½ÓÌṩ±ê×¼ IP ·þÎñµÄÎÊÌâ (section 21., page 49)
Ò»½ÚÌṩ(Ö÷Òª)ÊÜÓ°ÏìµÄ·þÎñÒÔ¼°ÄãËùÄÜ×ö(Èç¹ûÓеĻ°)µÄ¿Ë·þ°ì·¨£®
7. ÅäÖÃÄãµÄ Linux ºËÐÄ
ΪÁËÒªÄܹ»Ê¹Óà PPP£¬Äã±àÒëµÄ Linux ºËÐıØÐë°üº¬ PPP µÄÖ§Ô®£® Èç¹ûÄ㻹ûÓÐ
Linux µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂëÇëÏÈÈ¡µÃ £ ÔÚ Linux µÄµµ°¸ÏµÍ³±ê×¼ÖÐËüÊÇ·ÅÔÚ
/usr/src/linux ÀïÃ森
¼ì²éÕâ¸öĿ¼ - Ðí¶àµÄ Linux Ì×¼þ»áÔÚ°²×°¹ý³ÌÖа²×°´ËÔʼ³ÌʽÂë(µµ°¸¼°´ÎĿ¼)£®
ÔÚÆô¶¯Ê±£¬ÄãµÄ Linux ºËÐÄ»áÓ¡³ö´óÁ¿µÄѶϢ£®Èç¹ûºËÐÄÖ§Ô® PPP
µÄ»°»á°üº¬´ËһѶϢ£® Òª¹Û¿´ÕâЩѶϢµÄ»°£¬¿´¿´ÄãµÄϵͳ¼Ç¼µµ»òÓà dmesg | less
Ö¸ÁÕâЩѶϢÏÔʾÔÚÓ©Ä»ÉÏ£® Èç¹ûºËÐÄÖ§Ô® PPP µÄ»°Ä㽫»á¿´µ½ÏñÕâÑùµÄ¼¸ÐÐ
PPP Dynamic channel allocation code copyright 1995 Caldera, Inc.
PPP line discipline registered.
(ÕâÊÇ Linux 2.0.x ϵÁкËÐĵÄѶϢ)£®
Linux ºËÐĵÄÔʼ³Ìʽ¿ÉÒÔ´Ó sunsite.unc.edu »òÆäÓ³Éä½ÚµãÈ¡µÃ£®
7.1 °²×° Linux ºËÐÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂë
ÏÂÃæÊǼò¶ÌµÄÈ¡µÃ¼°°²×° Linux ºËÐÄÔʼ³ÌʽÂëµÄָʾ£®ÏêϸµÄ×ÊѶ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ The Linux
Kernel HOWTO17 ÖÐÕÒµ½£®
ΪÁË°²×°¼°±àÒëºËÐÄ£¬Äã±ØÐëÒÔ root µÄÉí·ÝÇ©È룮
1. Çл»µ½ /usr/src Ŀ¼ÏÂ
cd /usr/src
2. ¼ì²é /usr/src/linux ¿´¿´ÄãÊÇ·ñÒѾ°²×°ÁËÔʼ³ÌʽÂ룮
3. Èç¹ûûÓеĻ°£¬ÓÉ Linux kernel source directory18
»òÀëÄã×î½üµÄÓ³Éä½ÚµãÈ¡»Ø£®
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directory19 ÕÒÕÒ£®
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17.<URL:Kernel-HOWTO.html>
18.<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/v2.0>
19.<URL:ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/kernel/old>
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 13
4. Ñ¡ÔñÊʵ±µÄºËÐÄ - ͨ³£ÊÇ×î½üµÄ°æ±¾£®È¡»ØáὫ´Ë 'tar' ѹËõµµ·ÅÔÚ /usr/src£®
×¢Òâ: Ò»¸ö 'tar' µµ°¸ÊÇÒ»ÖÖѹËõµµ -
¿ÉÄÜѹÁËÐí¶àµµ°¸ºÍĿ¼ÔÚÀïÍ·£®ËüÏàµ±ì¶ DOS Ï嵀 zip µµ°¸£®
5. Èç¹ûÄãÒѾ°²×°ÁËÔʼ³Ìʽ£¬µ«ÏëÒªÉý¼¶µ½Ð°æµÄºËÐÄ£¬Äã±ØÐëÏÈÒƳý¾ÉµÄ³ÌʽÂ룮ÓÃÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî
rm -rf /usr/src/linux
6. ÓÃÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî½âѹËõ
tar xzf linux-2.0.XX.tar.gz
7. È»áᣬcd /usr/src/linux ²¢¿´¿´ README
µµ£®ÀïÍ·°üº¬ÁËÍêÕûµÄ½âÊÍÈçºÎÅäÖü°±àÒëкËÐÄ£®
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7.2 ¡õ½âÄãµÄÓ²Ìå
Èç¹ûÄãÒªÖØбàÒëÄãµÄºËÐÄÄã±ØÐëÖªµÀÔÚÄã PC ÀïÃæµÄ½çÃ濨£¯É豸!!
¶Ôì¶Ä³Ð©É豸£¨ÏñÊÇÒôЧ¿¨£©ÄãÒ²µÃÖªµÀ¸÷ÖÖÉ趨£¨ÏñÊÇÓ²ÌåÖжϺÅÂ룬Êä³öÈëλַÒÔ¼°ÖîÈç´ËÀàµÄ×ÊѶ£©£®
7.3 ±àÒëºËÐÄ £ Linux 1.2.13 ºËÐÄ
Òª¿ªÊ¼ÅäÖóÌÐò£¬Ê×ÏÈÒÀÕÕÔÚ½â˵µµÀïµÄ˵Ã÷Êʵ±µØ°²×°Ôʼ³ÌʽÂ룮ȻááÒÔÏÂÃæµÄÖ¸ÁʼºËÐĵÄÅäÖóÌÐò
make config
ΪÁËÒªÄܹ»Ê¹Óà PPP £¬Äã±ØÐëÅäÖúËÐÄ°üº¬ PPP µÄÖ§Ô®£¨Ê¹Óà PPP ÐèÒª pppd
ÒÔ¼°ºËÐÄµÄ PPP Ö§Ô®Á½Õߣ©£®
PPP (point-to-point) support (CONFIG_PPP) [n] y
¸ù¾ÝÔÚÄã PC ÀïÃæµÄÓ²ÌåÒÔ¼°ÄãÏëÒªµÄ Linux
×÷ҵϵͳÌØÉ«»Ø´ðÆäËüµÄÅäÖÃÎÊÌ⣮Ȼáá¼ÌÐøÒÀÕոýâ˵µµÀ´±àÒë²¢°²×°ÄãµÄкËÐÄ£®
ºËÐÄ 1.2.13 Ö»ÒªÖÆÔìËĸö PPP ×°Ö㮶Ô춶಺¿¨(multi-port serial
cards)À´Ëµ£¬Äã±ØÐëÐ޸ĺËÐÄ PPP µÄÔʼ³ÌʽÒÔ±ãµÃµ½¸ü¶à²ºµÄÖ§Ô®£® (²Î¼ûË渽
PPP-2.1.2 Ì×¼þ¶øÀ´µÄ README.linux µµ°¸ËµÃ÷ÄãÐèÒª×öµÄϸ½Ú²¿·Ý)£®
×¢Òâ: ºËÐÄ 1.2.13 µÄÅäÖöԻ°²»ÔÊÐíÄã»ØÍ· - Òò´ËÈç¹ûÄãÔÚ make config
¶Ô»°Öдð´íÎÊÌ⣬Óà CTRL-C Ìø³öÀ´ÖØпªÊ¼£®
7.4 ±àÒëºËÐÄ - Linux 1.3.x ¼° 2.0.x ºËÐÄ
¶Ôì¶ Linux 2.0.x µÄºËÐÄ£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÀàËÆ Linux 1.2.13 µÄ³ÌÐò£®
ÔÙÒ»´Î£¬ÒÀÕÕÔÚ½â˵µµÀïµÄ˵Ã÷Êʵ±µØ°²×°Ôʼ³ÌʽÂ룮ȻááÒÔÏÂÃæµÄÖ¸ÁʼºËÐĵÄÅäÖóÌÐò
make config
È»¶ø£¬ÄãÒ²ÓÐÁíÍâµÄÑ¡Ôñ
make menuconfig
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 14
ÕâÌṩһ¸öÒÔÑ¡µ¥Îª»ù´¡ÅäºÏÏßÉϸ¨ÖúµÄÅäÖÃϵͳ£¬ÔÊÐíÄãÔÚÅäÖóÌÐòÖÐËæÒâËùÖ®£®
Ò²ÓÐÒ»¸öÒÔ X windows Ϊ»ù´¡µÄÅäÖýçÃæ
make xconfig
Äã¿ÉÒÔÖ±½Ó±àÒë PPP µÄÖ§Ô®µ½ºËÐÄÀïÈ¥»òÕßÊÇ×ö³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×飮
Èç¹ûÄãÖ»ÔÚÄã Linux »úÆ÷ÔË×÷µÄÒ»²¿·Ýʱ¼äÀïʹÓà PPP µÄ»°£¬ÄÇ÷ὨÒéÄã°Ñ PPP
µÄÖ§Ô®±àÒëΪ¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×飮 ʹÓà 'kerneld'£¬ÄãµÄºËÐĽ«»áÔÚÄ㿪ʼÄãµÄ PPP
Á¬½á³ÌÐòʱ×Ô¶¯ÔØÈëÌṩ PPP Ö§Ô®ËùÐèµÄÄ£×飮
Õâ½ÚÊ¡Á˱¦¹óµÄ¼ÇÒäÌå¿Õ¼ä£¨ÒòΪºËÐÄûÓÐÈκÎÒ»¸ö²¿·Ý¿ÉÒÔ±»Öû»µ½¼ÇÒäÌåÍ⣬µ«¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×éÔÚδʹÓÃʱ»á×Ô¶¯±»ÒƳý£©£®
ÒªÕâÑù×öµÄ»°£¬ÄãÐèÒª´ò¿ª¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×éµÄÖ§Ô®:
Enable loadable module support (CONFIG_MODULES) [Y/n/?] y
Òª¼ÓÈë PPP µÄºËÐÄÖ§Ô®£¬»Ø´ðÏÂÁÐÕâ¸öÎÊÌâ:-
PPP (point-to-point) support (CONFIG_PPP) [M/n/y/?]
Òª×ö³É¿ÉÔØÈëÄ£×éµÄ»°£¬»Ø´ð M ¼´¿É£¬·ñÔò¾Í±àÒë³ÉºËÐĵÄÒ»²¿·Ý£¬»Ø´ð Y ¾ÍÊÇ£®
Óë 1.2.13 µÄºËÐIJ»Í¬µÄÊÇ£¬2.0.x µÄºËÐÄÊÓÐèÒª×Ô¶¯½¨Á¢ PPP
É豸²¢ÇÒÒ»µã¶¼²»ÐèҪȥÑо¿Ôʼ³ÌʽÂëÒÔÔö¼Ó¿ÉÓÃµÄ PPP É豸£®
7.5 PPP-2.2 Óë /proc/net/dev µÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî
Èç¹ûÄãÔÚʹÓà PPP-2.2£¬Äã»á·¢ÏÖ½¨Á¢ PPP ×°ÖõÄÒ»¸ö¸±×÷ÓþÍÊÇÈç¹ûÄã¹Û²ì /proc/net
µµ°¸ÏµÍ³¿´²»µ½ PPP µÄ×°Ö㬠ֱµ½¿ªÊ¼Ê¹Óà pppd ×°ÖòŻᱻ½¨Á¢ÆðÀ´:-
[hartr@archenland hartr]$ cat /proc/net/dev
Inter-| Receive | Transmit
face |packets errs drop fifo frame|packets errs drop fifo colls carrier
lo: 92792 0 0 0 0 92792 0 0 0 0 0
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eth0:4788257 648 648 319 650 1423836 0 0 0 4623 5
ppp0: 2103 3 3 0 0 2017 0 0 0 0 0
ppp1: 10008 0 0 0 0 8782 0 0 0 0 0
ppp2: 305 0 0 0 0 297 0 0 0 0 0
ppp3: 6720 7 7 0 0 7498 0 0 0 0 0
ppp4: 118231 725 725 0 0 117791 0 0 0 0 0
ppp5: 38915 5 5 0 0 28309 0 0 0 0 0
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 15
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ÔÚ PPP 2.1.2 ÖÐÕâЩµµ°¸ÊÇ:-
/usr/sbin/pppd # PPP Ö´Ðеµ
/usr/sbin/ppp-on # ²¦ºÅ/Á¬ÏßÖ¸Áî¸å
/usr/sbin/ppp-off # ¶ÏÏßÖ¸Áî¸å
/etc/ppp/options # ËùÓÐÁ¬ÏßËùʹÓõÄÑ¡Ïî
/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX # ¸øijһÌض¨Í¨Ñ¶²ºÊ¹ÓõÄÑ¡Ïî
ÔÚ PPP 2.2 ÖÐÕâЩµµ°¸ÊÇ:-
/usr/sbin/pppd # PPP Ö´Ðеµ
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on # ²¦ºÅ/Á¬ÏßÖ¸Áî¸å
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-on-dialer # ²¦ºÅµÄ chat Ö¸Áî¸å²¿·Ý
/etc/ppp/scripts/ppp-off # ¶ÏÏßÖ¸Áî¸å
/etc/ppp/options # ËùÓÐÁ¬ÏßËùʹÓõÄÑ¡Ïî
/etc/ppp/options.ttyXX # ¸øijһÌض¨Í¨Ñ¶²ºÊ¹ÓõÄÑ¡Ïî
Red Hat Linux µÄʹÓÃÕßӦעÒâ±ê×¼µÄ Red Hat 4.X °²×°½«ÕâЩָÁî¸å·ÅÔÚ
/usr/doc/ppp-2.2.0f-2/scripts£®
ÔÚÄãµÄ /etc Ŀ¼ÀïÓ¦¸ÃÒªÓиöĿ¼:
drwxrwxr-x 2 root root 1024 Oct 9 11:01 ppp
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 24
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/etc/ppp/options
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/etc/ppp/options
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Õâ¸öµµ°¸£®ÁíÍâÒ»ÖÖ°ì·¨£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËùÓеÄÑ¡Ïî·Å½ø pppd Ö¸Áî×÷Ϊ²ÎÊý£®
ʹÓà /etc/ppp/options.ttySx µµ°¸µÄÉ趨·½Ê½»á±È½ÏÈÝÒ×¼ÓÒÔά»¤£® Èç¹ûÄãʹÓà PPP
À´Á¬Ïßµ½ºÃ¼¸¸ö²»Í¬µÄ½ÚµãÈ¥µÄ»°£¬ÄÇ÷áÄã¾Í¿ÉÒÔÔÚ /etc/ppp/options.site
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file option-file ²ÎÊýì¶ pppd µÄÖ¸ÁîÁÐ)£®
12.1 Ìæ´úµÄ options.tpl µµ°¸
ijЩ¸ö PPP µÄ·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þËƺõ©ʧÁË options.tpl
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 25
# /etc/ppp/options -*- sh -*- general options for pppd
# created 13-Jul-1995 jmk
# autodate: 01-Aug-1995
# autotime: 19:45
# Use the executable or shell command specified to set up the serial
# line. This script would typically use the "chat" program to dial the
# modem and start the remote ppp session.
#connect "echo You need to install a connect command."
# Run the executable or shell command specified after pppd has
# terminated the link. This script could, for example, issue commands
# to the modem to cause it to hang up if hardware modem control signals
# were not available.
#disconnect "chat -- \d+++\d\c OK ath0 OK"
# async character map -- 32-bit hex; each bit is a character
# that needs to be escaped for pppd to receive it. 0x00000001
# represents '\x01', and 0x80000000 represents '\x1f'.
#asyncmap 0
# Require the peer to authenticate itself before allowing network
# packets to be sent or received.
#auth
# Use hardware flow control (i.e. RTS/CTS) to control the flow of data
# on the serial port.
#crtscts
# Use software flow control (i.e. XON/XOFF) to control the flow of data
# on the serial port.
#xonxoff
# Add a default route to the system routing tables, using the peer as
# the gateway, when IPCP negotiation is successfully completed. This
# entry is removed when the PPP connection is broken.
#defaultroute
# Specifies that certain characters should be escaped on transmission
# (regardless of whether the peer requests them to be escaped with its
# async control character map). The characters to be escaped are
# specified as a list of hex numbers separated by commas. Note that
# almost any character can be specified for the escape option, unlike
# the asyncmap option which only allows control characters to be
# specified. The characters which may not be escaped are those with hex
# values 0x20 - 0x3f or 0x5e.
#escape 11,13,ff
# Don't use the modem control lines.
#local
# Specifies that pppd should use a UUCP-style lock on the serial device
# to ensure exclusive access to the device.
#lock
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 26
# Use the modem control lines. On Ultrix, this option implies hardware
# flow control, as for the crtscts option. (This option is not fully
# implemented.)
#modem
# Set the MRU [Maximum Receive Unit] value to <n> for negotiation. pppd
# will ask the peer to send packets of no more than <n> bytes. The
# minimum MRU value is 128. The default MRU value is 1500. A value of
# 296 is recommended for slow links (40 bytes for TCP/IP header + 256
# bytes of data).
#mru 542
# Set the interface netmask to <n>, a 32 bit netmask in "decimal dot"
# notation (e.g. 255.255.255.0).
#netmask 255.255.255.0
# Disables the default behaviour when no local IP address is specified,
# which is to determine (if possible) the local IP address from the
# hostname. With this option, the peer will have to supply the local IP
# address during IPCP negotiation (unless it specified explicitly on the
# command line or in an options file).
#noipdefault
# Enables the "passive" option in the LCP. With this option, pppd will
# attempt to initiate a connection; if no reply is received from the
# peer, pppd will then just wait passively for a valid LCP packet from
# the peer (instead of exiting, as it does without this option).
#passive
# With this option, pppd will not transmit LCP packets to initiate a
# connection until a valid LCP packet is received from the peer (as for
# the "passive" option with old versions of pppd).
#silent
# Don't request or allow negotiation of any options for LCP and IPCP
# (use default values).
#-all
# Disable Address/Control compression negotiation (use default, i.e.
# address/control field disabled).
#-ac
# Disable asyncmap negotiation (use the default asyncmap, i.e. escape
# all control characters).
#-am
# Don't fork to become a background process (otherwise pppd will do so
# if a serial device is specified).
#-detach
# Disable IP address negotiation (with this option, the remote IP
# address must be specified with an option on the command line or in an
# options file).
#-ip
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 27
# Disable magic number negotiation. With this option, pppd cannot
# detect a looped-back line.
#-mn
# Disable MRU [Maximum Receive Unit] negotiation (use default, i.e.
# 1500).
#-mru
# Disable protocol field compression negotiation (use default, i.e.
# protocol field compression disabled).
#-pc
# Require the peer to authenticate itself using PAP.
# This requires TWO WAY authentication - do NOT use this for a standard
# PAP authenticated link to an ISP as this will require the ISP machine
# to authenticate itself to your machine (and it will not be able to).
#+pap
# Don't agree to authenticate using PAP.
#-pap
# Require the peer to authenticate itself using CHAP [Cryptographic
# Handshake Authentication Protocol] authentication.
# This requires TWO WAY authentication - do NOT use this for a standard
# CHAP authenticated link to an ISP as this will require the ISP machine
# to authenticate itself to your machine (and it will not be able to).
#+chap
# Don't agree to authenticate using CHAP.
#-chap
# Disable negotiation of Van Jacobson style IP header compression (use
# default, i.e. no compression).
#-vj
# Increase debugging level (same as -d). If this option is given, pppd
# will log the contents of all control packets sent or received in a
# readable form. The packets are logged through syslog with facility
# daemon and level debug. This information can be directed to a file by
# setting up /etc/syslog.conf appropriately (see syslog.conf(5)). (If
# pppd is compiled with extra debugging enabled, it will log messages
# using facility local2 instead of daemon).
#debug
# Append the domain name <d> to the local host name for authentication
# purposes. For example, if gethostname() returns the name porsche,
# but the fully qualified domain name is porsche.Quotron.COM, you would
# use the domain option to set the domain name to Quotron.COM.
#domain <d>
# Enable debugging code in the kernel-level PPP driver. The argument n
# is a number which is the sum of the following values: 1 to enable
# general debug messages, 2 to request that the contents of received
# packets be printed, and 4 to request that the contents of transmitted
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 28
# packets be printed.
#kdebug n
# Set the MTU [Maximum Transmit Unit] value to <n>. Unless the peer
# requests a smaller value via MRU negotiation, pppd will request that
# the kernel networking code send data packets of no more than n bytes
# through the PPP network interface.
#mtu <n>
# Set the name of the local system for authentication purposes to <n>.
# This will probably have to be set to your ISP user name if you are
# using PAP/CHAP.
#name <n>
# Set the user name to use for authenticating this machine with the peer
# using PAP to <u>.
# Do NOT use this if you are using 'name' above!
#user <u>
# Enforce the use of the host name as the name of the local system for
# authentication purposes (overrides the name option).
#usehostname
# Set the assumed name of the remote system for authentication purposes
# to <n>.
#remotename <n>
# Add an entry to this system's ARP [Address Resolution Protocol]
# table with the IP address of the peer and the Ethernet address of this
# system.
#proxyarp
# Use the system password database for authenticating the peer using
# PAP.
#login
# If this option is given, pppd will send an LCP echo-request frame to
# the peer every n seconds. Under Linux, the echo-request is sent when
# no packets have been received from the peer for n seconds. Normally
# the peer should respond to the echo-request by sending an echo-reply.
# This option can be used with the lcp-echo-failure option to detect
# that the peer is no longer connected.
#lcp-echo-interval <n>
# If this option is given, pppd will presume the peer to be dead if n
# LCP echo-requests are sent without receiving a valid LCP echo-reply.
# If this happens, pppd will terminate the connection. Use of this
# option requires a non-zero value for the lcp-echo-interval parameter.
# This option can be used to enable pppd to terminate after the physical
# connection has been broken (e.g., the modem has hung up) in
# situations where no hardware modem control lines are available.
#lcp-echo-failure <n>
# Set the LCP restart interval (retransmission timeout) to <n> seconds
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 29
# (default 3).
#lcp-restart <n>
# Set the maximum number of LCP terminate-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 3).
#lcp-max-terminate <n>
# Set the maximum number of LCP configure-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 10).
# Some PPP servers are slow to start up. You may need to increase this
# if you keep getting 'serial line looped back' errors and your are SURE
# that you have logged in correctly and PPP should be starting on the server.
#lcp-max-configure <n>
# Set the maximum number of LCP configure-NAKs returned before starting
# to send configure-Rejects instead to <n> (default 10).
#lcp-max-failure <n>
# Set the IPCP restart interval (retransmission timeout) to <n>
# seconds (default 3).
#ipcp-restart <n>
# Set the maximum number of IPCP terminate-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 3).
#ipcp-max-terminate <n>
# Set the maximum number of IPCP configure-request transmissions to <n>
# (default 10).
#ipcp-max-configure <n>
# Set the maximum number of IPCP configure-NAKs returned before starting
# to send configure-Rejects instead to <n> (default 10).
#ipcp-max-failure <n>
# Set the PAP restart interval (retransmission timeout) to <n> seconds
# (default 3).
#pap-restart <n>
# Set the maximum number of PAP authenticate-request transmissions to
# <n> (default 10).
#pap-max-authreq <n>
# Set the CHAP restart interval (retransmission timeout for
# challenges) to <n> seconds (default 3).
#chap-restart <n>
# Set the maximum number of CHAP challenge transmissions to <n>
# (default 10).
#chap-max-challenge
# If this option is given, pppd will re-challenge the peer every <n>
# seconds.
#chap-interval <n>
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 30
# With this option, pppd will accept the peer's idea of our local IP
# address, even if the local IP address was specified in an option.
#ipcp-accept-local
# With this option, pppd will accept the peer's idea of its (remote) IP
# address, even if the remote IP address was specified in an option.
#ipcp-accept-remote
12.2 ÎÒÓ¦¸ÃʹÓÃʲ÷áÑ¡Ïî? (ÎÞ PAP/CHAP)
àÅ£¬ÍêÈ«ÊÓÇé¿ö¶ø¶¨£¨°¦£©£®ÕâÀïËùÌṩµÄÓ¦¸ÃÊÊÓÃ춴󲿷ݵÄËÅ·þÆ÷£®
È»¶ø£¬Èç¹ûËüÎÞ·¨ÔË×÷µÄ»°£¬ÔĶÁÑù°åµµ(/etc/ppp/options.tpl) ÒÔ¼° pppd
µÄÏßÉÏʹÓÃÊֲᲢÇÒ¸æËßÄãËùÁ¬ÏßÖ®ËÅ·þÆ÷µÄϵͳ¹ÜÀí£¯Ê¹ÓÃÕßÖ§Ô®ÈËÔ±£®
Ä㻹Ӧ¸Ã×¢ÒâÕâÀïËùչʾµÄÁ¬½áÖ¸Áî¸åҲʹÓÃÁËһЩ¸ø pppd
µÄÃüÁîÁÐÑ¡ÏîÒÔ±ãÈÃÊÂÇéÈÝÒ×µ÷ÕûЩ£®
# /etc/ppp/options (NO PAP/CHAP)
#
# ±ÜÃâ pppd ½øÈë±³¾°Ö´ÐÐ
-detach
#
# ʹÓÃÊý¾Ý»ú¿ØÖÆÏß
modem
# ʹÓà uucp ÐÎ̬µÄËø¶¨µµÒÔ±ÜÃâËüÈËÈ¡Óô®ÁÐ×°ÖÃ
lock
# ʹÓÃÓ²ÌåÁ÷Á¿¿ØÖÆ
crtscts
# ÔÚµÝËͱí¸ñÖн«´ËÁ¬½á½¨Á¢ÎªÔ¤ÉèµÝËÍ×°ÖÃ
defaultroute
# ²»Ê¹ÓÃÈκÎ"Òݳö"¿ØÖÆÐòÁÐ
asyncmap 0
# ×î´ó´«ËÍ·â°ü´óСΪ 552 bytes
mtu 552
# ×î´ó½ÓÊÕ·â°ü´óСΪ 552 bytes
mru 552
#
#-------END OF SAMPLE /etc/ppp/options (no PAP/CHAP)
13. Èç¹ûÄãµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà PAP ÈÏÖ¤(Password Authentication Protocol)
Èç¹ûÄãÁ¬½ÓµÄËÅ·þÆ÷ÐèÒª PAP »ò CHAP ÈÏÖ¤£¬ÄãÐèÒª¶àÒ»µãµÄ¹¤×÷£®
ÔÚÉÏÃæµÄÑ¡Ïîµµ°¸ÖУ¬¼ÓÉÏÏÂÃ漸ÐÐ
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 31
#
# ¸æËß pppd ʹÓÃÄãµÄ ISP Ãû³Æ×öΪÈÏÖ¤¹ý³ÌÖеÄ"Ö÷»úÃû³Æ"
name <your ISP user name> # ÄãÐèÒª¸Ä±äÕâÒ»ÐÐ
#
# Èç¹ûÄãÖ´ÐÐ PPP *ËÅ·þÆ÷* ²¢ÇÒÐèҪʹÓà PAP »ò CHAP ÈÏÖ¤£¬Êʵ±³ýÈ¥ÏÂÃæµÄ
# ×¢½â£®²»ÒªÔÚÄã×öΪ¿Í»§¶ËÁ¬ÉÏËÅ·þÆ÷ʱʹÓôËÑ¡Ïî(¼´Ê¹ËüʹÓà PAP »ò CHAP)
# ÒòΪÕâÊǸæËßËÅ·þÆ÷±ØÐëΪËü×Ô¼ºÔÚÄãµÄ»úÆ÷ÉÏÌṩÈÏÖ¤(Õ⼸ºõÊDz»¿ÉÄܵģ¬
# ËùÒÔÁ¬½á»áʧ°Ü)£®
#+chap
#+pap
#
# Èç¹ûÄãʹÓÃÔÚ /etc/ppp/pap-secrets µµ°¸Öо±àÂëµÄÃÜÂ룬³ýÈ¥ÏÂÃæÒ»ÐеÄ×¢½â£®
# ×¢Òâ: ÕâºÍ Windows NT ÉϵÄÔ¶¶Ë´æÈ¡·þÎñÀïµÄ΢Èí±àÂëÃÜÂëÊDz»Í¬µÄ£®
#+papcrypt
13.1 ʹÓà MSCHAP
΢ÈíµÄ Windows NT Ô¶¶Ë´æÈ¡·þÎñ(RAS)¿ÉÒÔ±»É趨ΪʹÓÃÒ»ÖÖ CHAP(Challenge/Hand
shake Authentication Protocol) µÄ±äÖÖ£® ÔÚÄãµÄ PPP
Ôʼ³ÌʽÂëÖУ¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÕÒµ½Ò»¸ö½Ð README.MSCHAP80 µÄµµ°¸ÌÖÂÛÕâ¼þÊ£®
Äã¿ÉÒÔ¿ªÆô pppd µÄÕì´í¹¦ÄÜÅжÏËÅ·þÆ÷ÊÇ·ñÒªÇóʹÓôËÈÏ֤ж¨£® Èç¹ûËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓà MS
CHAP ÈÏÖ¤£¬Äã»á¿´µ½ÕâÑùµÄÒ»ÐÐ
rcvd [LCP ConfReq id=0x2 <asyncmap 0x0> <auth chap 80> <magic 0x46a3>]
¹Ø¼üµÄѶϢÊÇ auth chap 80£®
ΪÁËʹÓà MS CHAP£¬Äã±ØÐëÖØбàÒë pppd ÒÔÖ§Ô®´Ëж¨£® Çë²Î¼û PPP Ôʼ³ÌʽÂëÖеÄ
README.MSCHAP80 ˵Ã÷ÈçºÎ±àÒëÒÔʹÓô˱äÖÖж¨£®
Ä㻹ҪעÒâÕâÀïµÄ³ÌʽÂëÖ»ÊÇÈà Linux PPP ×öΪ¿Í»§¶ËÁ¬½ÓÉÏ MS Windows NT
ËÅ·þÆ÷Óõģ® Ëü²¢²»Ö§Ô®½« Linux ÉèÁ¢ÎªÈÿͻ§¶ËʹÓà MSCHAP80 ÈÏÖ¤ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷£®
13.2 PAP/CHAP ÃÜÂëµµ°¸
Èç¹ûÄãʹÓà PAP »ò CHAP ÈÏÖ¤£¬Äã±ØÐ뽨Á¢ÕâЩÃÜÂëµµ°¸£®ËüÃÇÊÇ:
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets
/etc/ppp/chap-secrets
ÕâЩµµ°¸ÓµÓÐÕß±ØÐëΪ root£¬Èº×éΪ root£¬Í¬Ê±ÎªÁË°²È«µµ°¸È¨ÏÞӦΪ 740£®
¹Øì¶ PAP Óë CHAP µÚÒ»µãÒªÖ¸³öµÄÊÇËüÃÇÊÇÉè¼ÆÓÃÀ´ÈÏÖ¤µçÄÔϵͳ¶ø²»ÊÇʹÓÃÕߵģ®
"àÅ? ÓÐʲ÷᲻ͬÄØ?" ÎÒÌýµ½ÄãÔÚÎÊ£®
Ŷ£¬Ò»µ©ÄãµÄµçÄÔ½¨Á¢ÓëËÅ·þÆ÷½¨Á¢ PPP Á¬Ïߣ¬ÄãϵͳÉϵÄÈκÎʹÓÃÕ߶¼¿ÉÒÔʹÓôËÁ¬Ïß
- ²»Ö»ÊÇÄã¶øÒÑ£® ÕâÒ²ÊÇΪºÎÄã¿ÉÒÔʹÓà PPP
½«Á½¸öÇøÓòÍø·(LAN)Á¬½ÓÆðÀ´½¨Á¢Ò»¹ãÓòÍø·(WAN)µÄÔÒò£®
PAP (»¹ÓÐ CHAP Ò²ÊÇ)ÐèҪ˫ÏòÈÏÖ¤ -
Ò²¾ÍÊÇÿһµçÄÔÐèÒªÒ»¸öºÏ·¨µÄÃû³ÆÓëÃÜÂëÔÚÁíÒ»µçÄÔÉÏ£®
È»¶ø£¬Õâ²¢²»ÊǴ󲿷ÝÌṩ²¦½Óʽ PAP ÈÏÖ¤Á¬½ÓµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ÔË×÷µÄ·½Ê½£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 32
Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬ÄãµÄ ISP
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ÄãµÄ ISP ¶Ôì¶ÄãµçÄÔµÄÃû³ÆÒ»µãÒ²²»¸ÐÐËȤ£¬Òò´ËÄã¿ÉÄܱØÐëʹÓÃÄãÔÚ ISP
ÉϵÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ×öΪÄãµçÄÔµÄÃû³Æ£®
ÕâµãҪʹÓà pppd Ñ¡ÏîµÄ name user name À´´ï³É£® Òò´Ë£¬Èç¹ûÄãʹÓÃÄã ISP
¸øÄãµÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ£¬¼ÓÉÏÕâÒ»ÐÐ
name your_user name_at_your_ISP
µ½ÄãµÄ /etc/ppp/options µµ°¸ÖУ®
´Ó¼¼ÊõÉÏÀ´Ëµ£¬PAP ÆäʵӦ¸ÃҪʹÓà user our_user name_at_your_ISP
Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïµ«ÊÇÈç¹ûʹÓõ½ PAP µÄ»°ÄÇ÷á pppd ´ÏÃ÷µÄ×ãÒÔ°Ñ name ½âÒëΪ user£® ʹÓÃ
name Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏîµÄºÃ´¦ÊÇÕâ¶Ôì¶ CHAP Ò²ÊÇÓÐЧµÄ£®
ÒòΪ PAP/CHAP ÊÇÓÃÀ´ÑéÈϵçÄԵģ¬ÔÚ¼¼ÊõÉÏÄãÒ²ÐèÒªÖ¸¶¨Ô¶¶ËµçÄÔµÄÃû³Æ£®
È»¶ø£¬´ó²¿·ÖµÄÈËÖ»½ÓÒ»¼Ò ISP ËùÒÔÄã¿ÉÒÔÔÚÃÜÂëµµÀïµÄÔ¶¶ËÖ÷»úÃû³ÆʹÓÃͨÓÃ×ÖÔª(*)
£®
Ðí¶à ISP Óжà¸öÊý¾Ý»ú²¦½ÓÖÐÐÄÁ¬½Óµ½²»Í¬µÄÖն˻úËÅ·þÆ÷ £
ÿ¸öÖն˻úËÅ·þÆ÷¶¼Óв»Í¬µÄÃû³Æ£¬µ«¶¼´Óµ¥Ò»µÄ£¨×Ô¶¯×ªÏߣ©ºÅÂ벦½Ó£®
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13.3 PAP ÃÜÂëµµ
/etc/ppp/pap-secrets Õâ¸öµµ°¸¿´ÆðÀ´Ïñ
# Secrets for authentication using PAP
# client server secret acceptable_local_IP_addresses
ÕâËĸöÀ¸Î»ÊÇÒÔ¿Õ°×·Ö½ç¶øÇÒ×îááÒ»Ïî¿ÉÒÔÊÇ¿Õ°×(Èç¹ûÄãʹÓö¯Ì¬ IP »òÓÉÄãµÄ ISP
ËùÌṩµÄ¾²Ì¬ IP)£®
¼Ù¶¨ÄãµÄ ISP ¸øÄãµÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³ÆÊÇ fred ¶øÃÜÂëÊÇ flintstone µÄ»°ÄÇ÷áÄãÓ¦¸ÃÔÚ
/etc/ppp/options[.ttySx] ÀïÉ趨 name fred Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî²¢ÇÒ°ÑÄãµÄ /etc/ppp/pap-
secrets µµ°¸Éè³ÉÏÂÃæÕâÑù
# Secrets for authentication using PAP
# client server secret acceptable local IP addresses
fred * flintstone
ÕâÊÇ˵¶Ôì¶ fred Õâ¸ö±¾µØ»úÆ÷Ãû³Æ£¨ÎÒÃÇÒѾ¸æËß¹ý pppd
ʹÓÃÕâ¸öÃû³Æ£¬¼´Ê¹Õâ²»ÊÇÎÒÃDZ¾µØ»úÆ÷µÄÃû³ÆÒ²Ò»Ñù£©ÒÔ¼°ÈκεÄËÅ·þÆ÷£¬¶¼Ê¹ÓÃ
flintstone Õâ¸öÃÜÂ루°µÂ룩£®
×¢Òâµ½ÎÒÃDz¢²»ÐèÒªÖ¸¶¨±¾µØµÄ IP λַ£¬³ý·ÇÓÐÒªÇóÒªÎÒÃÇʹÓÃÒ»¸öÌض¨µÄ£¬¹Ì¶¨µÄ IP
λַ£® ¼´Ê¹ÄãÊÔÖøÓÃÒ»¹Ì¶¨µÄ IP£¬ÕâÒ²²»´ó¿ÉÄÜÐеÃͨÒòΪ¶Ôì¶´ó²¿·ÝµÄ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷(ΪÁË°²È«µÄÀíÓÉ)²»ÔÊÐíÔ¶¶Ëϵͳ×ÔÐÐÖ¸¶¨ IP ºÅÂ룮
13.4 CHAP ÃÜÂëµµ
Ä¿Ç°µÄ pppd °æ±¾ÒªÇóÄãÒªÓл¥ÏàÑéÈϵķ½·¨ £
ÕâÊÇ˵Äã±ØÐëÄܹ»ÈôÓÄãµÄ»úÆ÷µ½Ô¶¶ËËÅ·þÆ÷ÒÔ¼°´ÓÔ¶¶ËËÅ·þÆ÷µ½ÄãµÄ»úÆ÷ÕâÁ½ÖÖÑéÈ϶¼ÄܽøÐУ®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 33
ËùÒÔ£¬Èç¹ûÄãµÄ»úÆ÷ÊÇ fred ¶øÔ¶¶ËÊÇ barney µÄ»°£¬ÔòÔÚËüÃǸö±ðµÄ
/etc/ppp/options.ttySx ÀïÄãµÄÉèΪ name fred remotename barney ¶øÔ¶¶Ë»úÆ÷Ó¦ÉèΪ
name barney remotename fred£®
fred Õą̂»úÆ÷µÄ /etc/ppp/chap-secrets µµ°¸¿´ÆðÀ´»áÏñ
# Secrets for authentication using CHAP
# client server secret acceptable local IP addresses
fred barney flintstone
barney fred wilma
¶ø barney µÄÊÇ
# Secrets for authentication using CHAP
# client server secret acceptable local IP addresses
barney fred flintstone
fred barney wilma
ÌرðҪעÒâµÄÊÇË«·½»úÆ÷¶¼±ØÐë¾ßÓÐË«ÏòÈÏÖ¤µÄÏîÄ¿£®ÕâÔÊÐí±¾µØµÄ»úÆ÷ÏòÔ¶¶Ë»úÆ÷ÈÏÖ¤Ëü×Ô¼º²¢ÇÒÈÃÔ¶µØ»úÆ÷Ïò±¾µØ»úÆ÷ÈÏÖ¤Ëü×Ô¼º£®
13.5 ´¦Àí¶àÖØ PAP ÈÏÖ¤Á¬½Ó
һЩʹÓÃÕßÓµÓжàì¶Ò»²¿Ê¹Óà PAP µÄËÅ·þÆ÷¿ÉÁ¬Ïߣ®
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/etc/ppp/pap-secrets ÖÐÕýÈ·µØÑ¡ÔñÊʵ±Ò»ÐÐʱ»áÓÐÎÊÌ⣮
ÈçÄãËùÁϵأ¬PPP ÌṩһÖÖ»úÖÆÒÔ¿Ë·þ´ËÒòÄÑ£® PPP ÔÊÐíÄãʹÓà remotename
Ñ¡ÏîΪԶ¶ËËÅ·þÆ÷É趨һ¸ö"¼ÙÏëÃû³Æ"£®
¼ÙÉèÄãÁ¬½Óµ½Á½²¿ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷¶¼Ê¹ÓÃÃû³Æ fred£®ÄãÒÔ´Ë·½Ê½½¨Á¢ /etc/ppp/pap-secrets
µµ°¸
fred pppserver1 barney
fred pppserver2 wilma
Èç´Ë£¬ÔÚÓë pppserver1 Á¬ÏßʱÄãÔÚ pppd Ñ¡ÏîÖÐʹÓà name fred remotename
pppserver1 ²¢ÔÚÁ¬Ïß pppserver2 ʱʹÓà name fred remotename pppserver2£®
ÒòΪÄã¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÔÚ pppd ʹÓà file filename ÒÔÖ¸¶¨ ppp
Ñ¡ÏÄã¿ÉÒÔ½¨Á¢Ò»Ö¸Áî¸åÒÔÁ¬½Óµ½Ã¿²¿ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷£¬ÕýÈ·µØÈ¡ÓÃÑ¡Ïîµµ°¸²¢ÇÒÑ¡ÔñÕýÈ·µÄ remotename Ñ¡Ï
14. ÒÔÊÖ¶¯·½Ê½½¨Á¢ PPP Á¬½á
ÏÖÔÚÄãÒѾ½¨Á¢ÄãµÄ /etc/ppp/options ÒÔ¼° /etc/resolv.conf
µµ°¸£¨ÒÔ¼°£¬Èç¹ûÓÐÐèÒª£¬»¹ÓÐ /etc/ppp/pap|chap-secrets
µµ°¸£©£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ½åÓÉÊÖ¶¯ÉèÁ¢ PPP
Á¬ÏßÀ´²âÊÔÕâЩÉ趨£¨Ò»µ©ÎÒÃÇʹÊÖ¶¯Á¬ÏßÄÜÔË×÷£¬ÎÒÃǽ«»á×Ô¶¯»¯¸Ã¹ý³Ì£©£®
Òª×öÕâ¼þÊ£¬ÄãµÄͨѶÈíÌå±ØÐëÄÜÔÚ²»ÖØÖÃÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»úµÄÇé¿öϽáÊø£® Minicom ¿ÉÒÔ×öµ½
£ ALT Q £¨»òÕßÔÚ±È½Ï¾ÉµÄ minicom °æ±¾ÊÇʹÓà CTRL A Q£©£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 34
È·¶¨ÄãÒÔ root Ç©È룮
Æô¶¯ÄãµÄͨѶÈíÌ壨ÏñÊÇ minicom£©£¬²¦½Óµ½ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷²¢ÇÒÏñƽ³£Ò»ÑùµÄÇ©È룮
Èç¹ûÄãÐèÒª·¢³öij¸öÖ¸ÁîÀ´Æð¶¯ËÅ·þ¶ËÉϵÄ
PPP£¬ÄÇ÷á¾Í×ö°É£®Ä㽫»á¿´¼ûÄãÒÔÇ°¿´¹ýµÄÀ¬»ø£®
Èç¹ûÄãʹÓà PAP »ò CHAP µÄ»°£¬ÄÇ÷áÖ»ÊÇÁ¬Ïßµ½Ô¶¶ËϵͳӦ¸Ã¾Í»áÆð¶¯ÔÚÔ¶¶ËÉ쵀 PPP
¶øÇÒÄ㽫ÔÚûÓÐÇ©ÈëµÄÇé¿öϾͼûµ½ÕâЩÀ¬»ø£¨ËäÈ»ÕâÔÚijЩËÅ·þÆ÷Éϲ»»á·¢Éú -
ÊÔÖø°´Ï Enter ¿´¿´ÄÜ·ñ¿´µ½ÕâЩÀ¬»ø£©£®
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Q)²¢ÇÒÔÚ Linux µÄÌáʾ·ûºÅÏ£¨ÒÔ root µÄÉí·Ö£©¼üÈë
pppd -d -detach /dev/ttySx 38400 &
-d Õâ¸öÑ¡ÏÆôÕì´í¹¦ÄÜ £ ppp Á¬ÏßÆð¶¯Ê±µÄ¡±½»Ì¸¡±½«»á¼Ç¼µ½ÄãµÄϵͳ¼Ç¼ÀïÈ¥
£ Èç¹ûÄãÓöÉÏÂé·³Õâ»áºÜÓÐÓõģ®
ÄãÊý¾Ý»úµÄµÆÏÖÔÚÓ¦¸ÃÒªÉÁ˸£¬ÒòΪҪ½¨Á¢ PPP Á¬Ïߣ®PPP Á¬ÏߵĽ¨Á¢½«»á»¨µãʱ¼ä£®
´ËʱÄã¿ÉÒÔ¹Û²ì PPP ½çÃ棬½åÓÉ·¢³öÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî
ifconfig
ÔÚÄãËùÓµÓеÄÈκÎÒÒÌ«Íø·ÒÔ¼°»ØÊÚÉ豸֮Í⣬ÄãÓ¦¸Ã»á¿´¼ûÏñÕâÑùµÄ×ÊѶ:
ppp0 Link encap:Point-Point Protocol
inet addr:10.144.153.104 P-t-P:10.144.153.51 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING MTU:552 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
ÆäÖÐ
· inet addr:10.144.153.10 ÊǸÃÁ¬½áÖÐÄãÕâ¶ËµÄ IP ºÅÂ룮
· P-t-P:10.144.153.5 ÊÇËÅ·þ¶ËµÄ IP ºÅÂ룮
(×ÔÈ»£¬ ifconfig ²»»á±¨¸æÕâЩ IP ºÅÂ룬¶øÊÇÄãµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏʹÓõģ®)
×¢Òâ: ifconfig Ò²¸æËßÄã¸ÃÁ¬½áÒѾÆ𶯲¢ÇÒÕýÔÚÖ´ÐÐ!
Èç¹ûûÓÐ ppp ×°ÖÃÁгö»òµÃµ½µÄÊÇÏñÕâÑùµÄ×ÊѶ:
ppp0 Link encap:Point-Point Protocol
inet addr:0.0.0.0 P-t-P:0.0.0.0 Mask:0.0.0.0
POINTOPOINT MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
ÄãµÄ PPP Á¬Ïß²¢Ã»Óн¨Á¢... ²ÎÔÄÉÔááÓйشíÎóÅųýµÄÕ½Ú!
Ä㻹¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½ÕⲿԶ¶Ë»úÆ÷(¼°ÆäááµÄ)µÄµÝËÍ·¾¶£®Òª×öµ½Õâµã£¬ÏÂÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 35
route -n
ÄãÓ¦¸Ã¿´µ½ÏñÕâÑùµÄ:-
Kernel routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window Use Iface
10.144.153.3 * 255.255.255.255 UH 1500 0 1 ppp0
127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 3584 0 11 lo
10.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 1500 0 35 eth0
default 10.144.153.3 * UG 1500 0 5 ppp0
Ìرð×¢ÒâÕâÀÎÒÃÇÓÐÁ½¸öÏîÄ¿Ö¸µ½ÎÒÃÇµÄ ppp ×°Öã®
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µ«ÔÙÀ´¾ÍûÓÐÁË£®
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µ½ÎÒÃÇÖ¸¶¨µÄÍø· - Ò²¾ÍÊǵ½ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷±¾Éí£® ¶ø PPP
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log)ÏÔʾһѶϢ¸æËßÄã pppd
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¶øÕâ±ØÐëÓÉÖ¸¶¨µÄÍø·µÝËÍÀ´È¡´ú: ÄãÖ»ÄÜÓÐÒ»¸öÔ¤ÉèµÝËÍ·¾¶!!!
Äã±ØÐë¼ì²éÒ»ÏÂÄãϵͳµÄÆðʼµµ°¸ÒÔÕÒ³öÔ¤ÉèµÝËÍÊÇÔÚÄÇÀｨÁ¢µÄ(ÕâÊÇÓÉ route add
default... Ö¸ÁîÖ¸¶¨µÄ)£® ½«Ëü¸Ä³ÉÏñÕâÑùµÄ route add net...£®
ÏÖÔÚ½åÓÉ ifconfig Ö®Êä³öËù»Ø±¨µÄ IP ºÅÂëÀ´ 'ping'
һϸÃËÅ·þÆ÷ÒÔ²âÊÔÕâ¸öÁ¬½á£¬ÏñÕâÑù
ping 10.144.153.51
ÄãÓ¦¸Ã»á½ÓÊÕµ½ÏñÕâÑùµÄÊä³ö
PING 10.144.153.51 (10.144.153.51): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=0 ttl=255 time=328.3 ms
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=190.5 ms
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=187.5 ms
64 bytes from 10.144.153.51: icmp_seq=3 ttl=255 time=170.7 ms
Õ⽫»áÒ»Ö±ÁÐÓ¡ÏÂÈ¥ £ °´Ï CTRL C ÖÕÖ¹Ëü£¬ÄÇʱÄ㽫»á½ÓÊÕµ½¸ü¶àѶϢ:
--- 10.144.153.51 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 170.7/219.2/328.3 ms
µ½Ä¿Ç°¶¼ºÜºÃ£®
ÏÖÔÚÊÔÖø½åÓÉÃû³Æ ping ij̨Ö÷»ú£¨²»ÊÇ PPP
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ping sunsite.unc.edu
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 36
Õâʱ»áÓÐÒ»µãÍ£¶Ù£¬ÒòΪ Linux ´ÓÄãÔÚ /etc/resolv.conf ÀïÖ¸¶¨µÄ DNS È¡µÃÄãÒª
'ping' µÄÍêÕûÖ÷»úÃû³ÆËù¶ÔÓ¦µÄ IP λַ £
ËùÒÔ²»Òªµ£ÐÄ£¨µ«ÊÇÄ㽫»á¿´¼ûÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»úµÆºÅÉÁ˸£©£®
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PING sunsite.unc.edu (152.2.254.81): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=0 ttl=254 time=190.1 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=1 ttl=254 time=180.6 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=2 ttl=254 time=169.8 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=3 ttl=254 time=170.6 ms
64 bytes from 152.2.254.81: icmp_seq=4 ttl=254 time=170.6 ms
ÔÙÒ»´Î£¬½åÓÉ°´Ï CTRL C ÖÕÖ¹Êä³ö²¢È¡µÃͳ¼Æ×ÊÁÏ...
--- sunsite.unc.edu ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 5 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 169.8/176.3/190.1 ms
Èç¹ûÄãûÓÐÊÕµ½ÈκλØÓ¦£¬ÊÔÖø ping Ò»ÏÂÄãµÄ ISP ÌṩµÄ DNS µÄ IP λַ£®
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rm -f /var/lock/LCK..ttySx
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15.1 ÒÔʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ£¯ÃÜÂëÈÏÖ¤µÄÖ¸Áî¸å
Èç¹ûÄãµÄ ISP ²¢²»ÒªÇóʹÓà PAP/CHAP µÄ»°£¬ÕâЩ¾ÍÊÇΪÄã×¼±¸µÄ!
Èç¹û ppp Ì×¼þ°²×°ÕýÈ·£¬ÄãÓ¦¸Ã»áÓÐÁ½¸ö¡õÀýµµ°¸£® ÔÚ PPP 2.1.2 ÖÐÊÇÔÚ /usr/sbin
¶øÔÚ PPP 2.2 ÀïÊÇÔÚ /etc/ppp/scripts£®ÕâЩÊÇ
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 37
ÔÚ PPP-2.1.2
ppp-on
ppp-off
¶øÔÚ PPP-2.2
ppp-off
ppp-on
ppp-on-dialer
ÏÖÔÚ£¬Èç¹ûÄãÕýÔÚʹÓà PPP 2.1.2£¬ÎÒÇ¿ÁÒ½¨ÒéÄãɾ³ýÕâЩ¡õÀýµµ°¸£® ËüÃÇÓÐDZÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ
- ²»Òª¸æËßÎÒËüÃǹ¤×÷µÃºÜºÃ - ÎÒÒ²ÓÃÁ˺ܳ¤Ò»¶Îʱ¼ä(¶øÇÒ»¹ÔÚÕâ·Ý HOWTO
µÄµÚÒ»°æÖÐÍƼöËüÃÇ)!
ΪÁË ppp 2.1.2 ʹÓÃÕßµÄȨÒ棬ÕâÀïÓбȽϺõÄÑù°åµµ°¸£¬ÕâЩÊÇ´Ó ppp 2.2
·¢ÐÐÌ×¼þÀïÄÃÀ´µÄ£® ÎÒ½¨ÒéÄ㿽±´²¢Ê¹ÓÃÕâЩָÁî¸å¶ø²»ÒªÔÙÓÃ¾ÉµÄ PPP-2.1.2
Ö¸Áî¸å£®
15.2 ppp-on Ö¸Áî¸å
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#!/bin/sh
#
# Script to initiate a PPP connection. This is the first part of the
# pair of scripts. This is not a secure pair of scripts as the codes
# are visible with the 'ps' command. However, it is simple.
#
# These are the parameters. Change as needed.
TELEPHONE=555-1212 # The telephone number for the connection
ACCOUNT=george # The account name for logon (as in 'George Burns')
PASSWORD=gracie # The password for this account (and 'Gracie Allen')
LOCAL_IP=0.0.0.0 # Local IP address if known. Dynamic = 0.0.0.0
REMOTE_IP=0.0.0.0 # Remote IP address if desired. Normally 0.0.0.0
NETMASK=255.255.255.0 # The proper netmask if needed
#
# Export them so that they will be available to 'ppp-on-dialer'
export TELEPHONE ACCOUNT PASSWORD
#
# This is the location of the script which dials the phone and logs
# in. Please use the absolute file name as the $PATH variable is not
# used on the connect option. (To do so on a 'root' account would be
# a security hole so don't ask.)
#
DIALER_SCRIPT=/etc/ppp/ppp-on-dialer
#
# Initiate the connection
#
#
exec /usr/sbin/pppd debug /dev/ttySx 38400 \
$LOCAL_IP:$REMOTE_IP \
connect $DIALER_SCRIPT
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 38
¶øÕâÊÇ ppp-on-dialer Ö¸Áî¸å:-
#!/bin/sh
#
# This is part 2 of the ppp-on script. It will perform the connection
# protocol for the desired connection.
#
/usr/sbin/chat -v \
TIMEOUT 3 \
ABORT '\nBUSY\r' \
ABORT '\nNO ANSWER\r' \
ABORT '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r' \
'' \rAT \
'OK-+++\c-OK' ATH0 \
TIMEOUT 30 \
OK ATDT$TELEPHONE \
CONNECT '' \
ogin:--ogin: $ACCOUNT \
assword: $PASSWORD
ÔÚ PPP-2.2 ÖУ¬ppp-off Ö¸Áî¸å¿´ÆðÀ´Ïñ:-
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 39
#!/bin/sh
######################################################################
#
# Determine the device to be terminated.
#
if [ "$1" = "" ]; then
DEVICE=ppp0
else
DEVICE=$1
fi
######################################################################
#
# If the ppp0 pid file is present then the program is running. Stop it.
if [ -r /var/run/$DEVICE.pid ]; then
kill -INT `cat /var/run/$DEVICE.pid`
#
# If the kill did not work then there is no process running for this
# pid. It may also mean that the lock file will be left. You may wish
# to delete the lock file at the same time.
if [ ! "$?" = "0" ]; then
rm -f /var/run/$DEVICE.pid
echo "ERROR: Removed stale pid file"
exit 1
fi
#
# Success. Let pppd clean up its own junk.
echo "PPP link to $DEVICE terminated."
exit 0
fi
#
# The ppp process is not running for ppp0
echo "ERROR: PPP link is not active on $DEVICE"
exit 1
15.3 ±à¼ÕâÀïËùÌṩµÄÆðʼָÁî¸å
ÒòΪÕâ·ÝеÄÖ¸Áî¸å·Ö³ÉÁ½²¿·Ý£¬ÎÒÃÇ·Ö±ð±à¼ËüÃÇ£®
15.3.1 ppp-on Ö¸Áî¸å
Ä㽫µÃ±à¼Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî¸åÒÔ·´Ó³ÄãÔÚ ISP µÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ£¬ÄãÔÚ ISP µÄÃÜÂ룬Äã ISP
µÄµç»°ºÅÂ룮
ÿһÐÐÏñÊÇ TELEPHONE= ʵ¼ÊÉÏÉ趨ÁËÕâ¸ö±äÊý°üº¬ÔڵȺÅÓұߵÄ×ÊѶ
(µ±È»²»°üÀ¨×¢½â²¿·Ý)£® Òò´Ë±à¼Ã¿Ò»ÐÐʹËü¶ÔÄãµÄ ISP ÓëÁ¬ÏßÊÇÕýÈ·µÄ£®
¶øÇÒ£¬Èç¹ûÄã(ÐèÒª)ÔÚ /etc/ppp/options µµ°¸ÀïÉ趨ÁË IP ºÅÂ룬ɾ³ýÕâÐÐ
$LOCAL_IP:$REMOTE_IP \
»¹ÓУ¬È·¶¨±äÊý DIALER_SCRIPT Ö¸ÏòÄ㽫ҪʹÓõIJ¦ºÅÖ¸Áî¸åµÄÈ«²¿Â·¾¶Ãû³Æ£®
Òò´Ë£¬Èç¹ûÄãÒƶ¯»ò¸Ä±äÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî¸åµÄÃû³Æ£¬È·¶¨ÄãÕýÈ·µØ¸Ä±ä ppp-on
Ö¸Áî¸åÀïµÄÕâÒ»ÐУ®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 40
15.3.2 ppp-on-dialer Ö¸Áî¸å
ÕâÊǵڶþ¸öÖ¸Áî¸åʵ¼Ê½¨Á¢ÆðÎÒÃÇµÄ PPP Á¬½á£®
×¢Òâ: Ò»·Ý chat
Ö¸Áî¸åÒ»°ãÈ«¶¼·ÅÔÚͬһÐÐÀµ¹Ð±ÏßÊÇÓÃÀ´ÈÃÒ»ÐпÉÒÔ¿ç¹ýÊýÐеÄʵÌåÐУ¨±ãì¶ÈËÃÇÔĶÁ£©¶ø²¢²»ÊÇÖ¸Áî¸å±¾Éí×é³ÉµÄÒ»²¿·Ý£®
È»¶ø£¬×ÐϸµØ¿´¿´ËüµÄϸ½Ú²¿·ÝÒÔ±ãÈÃÎÒÃÇÁ˽âËüʵ¼Ê(¼ÙÉèµÄ)Òª×öʲ÷áÊǷdz£ÓÐÓõÄ!
15.4 Ò»·Ý chat Ö¸Áî¸åÆäÖеĺ¬Òâ...
Ò»·Ý chat Ö¸Áî¸åÊÇһϵÁÐ"ÆÚ´ý×Ö´®" "Ëͳö×Ö´®"µÄÅä¶Ô£®
ÌرðÊÇ£¬×¢Òâµ½ÎÒÃÇ×ÜÊÇÔÚËͳöijЩѶϢ֮ǰÏÈÆÚ´ýijЩѶϢ³öÏÖ£®
Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇÔÚûÓÐÏȽÓÊÕµ½ÈκÎѶϢµÄÇé¿öÏÂÒªËͳöijЩѶϢµÄ»°£¬ÎÒÃDZØÐëʹÓÿյÄÆÚ´ý×Ö´®£¨½åÓÉ
"" Ö¸Ã÷£©¶øÔÚûÓÐËͳöÈκÎѶϢµÄÇé¿öÏÂÒªÆÚ´ýijЩѶϢ×÷·¨Ò²ÀàËÆ!
¶øÇÒ£¬Èç¹û×Ö´®°üº¬ºÃ¼¸¸ö×Ö£¨ÀýÈç NO CARRIER£©£¬Äã±ØÐë°Ñ×Ö´®ÓÃÒýºÅÀ¨×¡£¬ÕâÑù
chat »á°Ñ×Ö´®µ±×÷Êǵ¥Ò»¸öÏîÄ¿£®
ÔÚÎÒÃÇÑù°åÀïµÄ chat Ö¸ÁîÐÐÊÇ:
exec /usr/sbin/chat -v
Æ𶯠chat £¬-v ¸æËß chat ½«ÆäËùÓеÄÊä³ö£¯È뿽±´µ½ÏµÍ³¼Ç¼Àͨ³£ÊÇ
/var/log/messages£©£® Ò»µ©Äã¾õµÃ chat Ö¸Áî¸åµÄÔË×÷Îȶ¨¶ø¿É¿¿£¬±à¼ÕâÒ»ÐÐ°Ñ -v
ÒƳýÒÔ±ã¼õÉÙÄãϵͳ¼Ç¼µÄ»ìÔÓ£®
TIMEOUT 3
ÕâÉ趨½ÓÊÕËùÆÚ´ýµÄÊäÈëÓâʱʱÏÞΪÈýÃ룮Èç¹ûÄãʹÓÃÕæµÄÊǺÜÂýµÄÊý¾Ý»úÄÇ÷áÄã¿ÉÄܵÃÒªÔö¼ÓÕâ¸öÉ趨µ½ÎåÃë»òÊÇÊ®Ãë!
ABORT '\nBUSY\r'
Èç¹û½ÓÊÕµ½ BUSY ×Ö´®£¬ÖÐÖ¹Ö´ÐУ®
ABORT '\nNO ANSWER\r'
Èç¹û½ÓÊÕµ½ NO ANSWER ×Ö´®£¬ÖÐÖ¹Ö´ÐУ®
ABORT '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r'
Èç¹û½ÓÊÕµ½£¨Öظ´µÄ£©RINGRING ×Ö´®£¬ÖÐÖ¹Ö´ÐУ®ÕâÊÇÒòΪijÈËÕý´òµç»°¸øÄã!
" \rAT
²»ÆÚ´ýÊý¾Ý»ú´«ËÍÈκÎѶϢ²¢ÇÒËͳö AT ×Ö´®£®
OK-+++\c-OK ATH0
ÕâÒ»¸ö±È½Ï¸´ÔÓÒ»µã£¬ÒòΪËüʹÓÃÁËijЩ chat µÄ´íÎó»Ø¸´¹¦ÄÜ£®
ËüËù´ú±íµÄÊÇ...ÆÚ´ý OK £¬Èç¹ûûÓÐÊÕµ½£¨ÒòΪÊý¾Ý»ú²¢²»ÔÚÖ¸ÁîģʽÏ£©ÄÇ÷áËͳö +++
£¨Ê¹Êý¾Ý»ú·µ»ØÖ¸ÁîģʽµÄ±ê×¼ Hayes ÏàÈÝÊý¾Ý»ú×Ö´®£©²¢ÇÒÆÚ´ý OK£»½ÓÖøËͳö ATH0
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 41
£¨Êý¾Ý»ú¹Ò¶Ï×Ö´®£©£® ÕâÈÃÄãµÄÖ¸Áî¸å¿ÉÒÔÓ¦¸¶ÄãµÄÊý¾Ý»úð¤ÔÚÏßÉÏÎÞ·¨¶ÏÏßµÄÇé¿ö£®
TIMEOUT 30
É趨ָÁî¸åÆäâŲ¿·ÝÖ´ÐеÄÓâʱʱÏÞΪ 30 Ã룮Èç¹ûÄãÔø¾ÒòΪÓâʱ¶ø¾Ñé¹ý chat
Ö¸Áî¸å±»ÖÕÖ¹µÄÎÊÌ⣬°ÑËüÔö¼ÓΪ 45 Ãë»ò¸ü¾Ã£®
OK ATDT$TELEPHONE
ÆÚ´ý OK £¨Êý¾Ý»ú¶Ô ATH0 Ö¸ÁîµÄ»ØÓ¦£©²¢ÇÒ²¦½Óµ½ÎÒÃÇÏëÒªºô½ÐµÄºÅÂ룮
CONNECT "
ÆÚ´ý CONNECT
×Ö´®£¨µ±Ô¶¶ËÊý¾Ý»úÓлØӦʱÎÒÃǵÄÊý¾Ý»úËͳöµÄ£©²¢ÇÒ²»ËͳöÈλظ²Ñ¶Ï¢£®
ogin:--ogin: $ACCOUNT
ÔÙÒ»´Î£¬ÕâÀïÃæÎÒÃÇÓÐһЩ´íÎó»Ø¸´É趨£®ÆÚ´ýÇ©ÈëÌáʾ(...ogin:)£¬µ«ÊÇÈç¹ûÎÒÃÇÔÚÓâʱǰûÓнÓÊÕµ½£¬ËͳöÒ»¸ö·µ»Ø×ÖÔª(return)È»ááÔÙ´ÎÕÒÑ°Ç©ÈëÌáʾ£®
µ±½ÓÊÕµ½Ìáʾʱ£¬ËͳöʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ£¨´æ·ÅÔÚʹÓÃÕß½çÃæµÄ $ACCOUNT »·¾³±äÊýÀ£®
assword: $PASSWORD
ÆÚ´ýÃÜÂëÌáʾ²¢ÇÒËͳöÃÜÂ루ÔÙÒ»´Î£¬´æ·ÅÔÚʹÓÃÕß½çÃæµÄÒ»¸ö»·¾³±äÊýÀ£®
Õâ¸ö chat Ö¸Áî¸åÓкÏÀíµÄ´íÎó»Ø¸´¹¦ÄÜ£® Chat
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µÄÏßÉÏʹÓÃÊÖ²á(man 8 chat)£®
15.4.1 ÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷¶ËÆô¶¯ PPP
ËäÈ»Õâ·Ý ppp-on-dialer Ö¸Áî¸å¶Ôì¶ÔÚÄãÇ©Èëáá»á×Ô¶¯Æô¶¯ pppd
µÄËÅ·þÆ÷À´Ëµ·Ç³£µÄºÃÓã¬È»¶øijЩËÅ·þÆ÷ÐèÒªÄãÃ÷°×µØÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏÆô¶¯ PPP£®
Èç¹ûÄãÐèÒªÔÚËÅ·þÆ÷ÉÏÏÂÖ¸ÁîÒÔÆô¶¯ PPP£¬Äã±ØÐëÒª±à¼ ppp-on-dialer Ö¸Áî¸å£®
ÔÚÕâÖ¸Áî¸åµÄβ¶Ë(ÔÚ password ÕâÐÐááÃæ)¼ÓÉÏ ÆÚ´ý Ëͳö ×Ö´®¶Ô - ÕâÊÇÑ°ÕÒÄãµÄ
shell Ìáʾ·ûºÅ (ÌرðСÐÄ¶Ô Bourne shell ÓÐÌØÊâÒâÒåµÄ×ÖÔª - ÏñÊÇ $ Óë [ »ò ]
×óÓÒ·½À¨ºÅµÈ)£®
Ò»µ© chat ÕÒµ½ÁË shell Ìáʾ·ûºÅ£¬chat ±ØÐëÏÂÖ¸ÁîÒÔÆô¶¯Äã ISP µÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷£®
ÒÔÎÒµÄÀý×Ó¶øÑÔ£¬ÎÒµÄ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ʹÓñê×¼µÄ Linux Bash Ìáʾ·ûºÅ
[hartr@kepler hartr]$
¶øÇÒÐèÒªÎÒ´ò
ppp
ÒÔÆô¶¯ËÅ·þÆ÷É쵀 PPP£®
ÔÚ´ËÔÊÐíÒ»µã´íÎó»Ø¸´ÊǸöºÃÖ÷Ò⣬ËùÒÔÔÚÎÒµÄÀý×ÓÖÐÎÒÓÃ
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 42
hartr--hartr ppp
Õâ¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬Èç¹ûÎÒÔÚÓâʱǰûÊÕµ½Ìáʾ·ûºÅ£¬Ëͳö return ²¢ÇÒÔٴεȴýÌáʾ·ûºÅ£®
Ò»µ©ÊÕµ½Ìáʾ·ûºÅ£¬¾ÍËͳö ppp ×Ö´®£®
×¢Òâ: ±ðÍüÁËÔÚÇ°Ò»ÐнáÊøÇ°¼ÓÉÏ \ ÒÔ±ãÈà chat ÈÏΪÕâÕû¸öÖ¸Áî¸åÊÇÔÚÒ»ÐÐÀï!
²»ÐÒµÄÊÇ£¬Ä³Ð©ËÅ·þÆ÷»á²úÉú·Ç³£¶à±äµÄÌáʾ·ûºÅ! Äã¿ÉÄܱØÐëʹÓà minicom
¶àÇ©È뼸´ÎÒÔ±ãÁ˽âʲ÷á¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´×öΪȷ¶¨µÄ"ÆÚ´ý"×Ö´®£®
15.5 ʹÓÃì¶ PAP/CHAP ÑéÈÏÁ¬ÏßµÄ chat Ö¸Áî¸å
Èç¹ûÄãµÄ ISP ʹÓà PAP/CHAP ÑéÈÏ£¬ÄÇ÷áÄãµÄ chat Ö¸Áî¸å»á¼òµ¥µÃ¶à£® ÄãµÄ chat
Ö¸Áî¸åËùÒª×öµÄÈ«²¿Ö»ÊDz¦½Óµç»°£¬µÈ´ý½ÓÉÏÏߣ¬È»áá¾ÍÈà pppd È¥´¦ÀíÇ©ÈëÊÂÒË!
#!/bin/sh
#
# This is part 2 of the ppp-on script. It will perform the connection
# protocol for the desired connection.
#
exec /usr/sbin/chat -v \
TIMEOUT 3 \
ABORT '\nBUSY\r' \
ABORT '\nNO ANSWER\r' \
ABORT '\nRINGING\r\n\r\nRINGING\r' \
'' \rAT \
'OK-+++\c-OK' ATH0 \
TIMEOUT 30 \
OK ATDT$TELEPHONE \
CONNECT '' \
15.6 pppd µÄ debug Óë file option_file Ñ¡Ïî
¾ÍÏñÎÒÃÇÒѾ¿´¹ýµÄ£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ¶Ô pppd ʹÓà -d Ñ¡Ïî´ò¿ªÕì´íѶϢ¼Ç¼£® 'debug'
Ñ¡ÏîºÍÕâ¸öÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£®
ÒòΪÎÒÃÇÕýÔÚʹÓÃеÄÖ¸Áî¸å½¨Á¢ÐµÄÁ¬Ïߣ¬ÏÈ·ÅÖø´ËÑ¡Ïî²»¹Ü£® (¾¯¸æ:
Èç¹ûÄãµÄ´Åµú¿Õ¼ä²»´ó¹»£¬¼Ç¼ pppd
µÄѶϢ¿ÉÄÜ»á´óÁ¿Ôö¼ÓÄãµÄϵͳ¼Ç¼µµ´óС²¢Ê¹ÄãÓöµ½Âé·³ -
²»¹ýÔÚ´ËÄã±Ø¶¨»áÁ¬Ïßʧ°Ü²¢³¢ÊÔÐí¾Ã)£®
Ò»µ©Äã¸ßÐ˵ØÈÏΪһÇй¤×÷Õý³££¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ³ýÈ¥´ËÑ¡Ï
Èç¹ûÄã²»ÊÇ´Ó /etc/ppp/options »ò /etc/ppp/options.ttySx µµ°¸Öнгö ppp Ñ¡Ï
¿ÉÒÔÔÚ pppd ÉÏÓà file Ñ¡ÏîÖ¸¶¨µµ°¸Ãû³Æ - ÀýÈç
exec /usr/sbin/pppd debug file options.myserver /dev/ttyS0 38400 \
16. ²âÊÔÄãµÄÁ¬ÏßÖ¸Áî¸å
¿ªÆôÒ»¸öÐ嵀 Xterm£¨Èç¹ûÄãÔÚ X µ×Ï£©»ò¿ªÆôÒ»¸öеÄÐéÄâÖ÷¿Ø̨²¢ÇÒÒÔ root
Ç©È룮
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 43
ÔÚÕâ¸öеĽ׶Î×÷ÒµÖУ¬·¢³öÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî
tail -f /var/log/messages
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ÔÚµÚÒ»¸öÊÓ´°£¨»òÊÇÐéÄâÖ÷¿Ø̨ÖУ©·¢³öÕâ¸öÃüÁî
ppp-on &
£¨»òÊÇÈκÎÄãËù±à¼µÄ /usr/sbin/ppp-on °æ±¾Ö®Ãû³Æ£©£®
Èç¹ûÄãûÓнåÓÉÔÚÕâ¸öÖ¸ÁîµÄβ¶ËÖ¸¶¨ & ʹµÃÖ¸Áî¸å½øÈë±³¾°Ö´ÐеĻ°£¬ÄÇ÷áÔÚ ppp
½áÊø£¨µ±Á¬Ïß½áÊøʱ£©Ö®Ç°Ä㶼²»Äܻص½Öն˻úÌáʾÏÂ
ÏÖÔÚÇл»µ½×·×Ùϵͳ¼Ç¼µµµÄÊÓ´°£®
Ä㽫»á¼ûµ½Ä³Ð©ÏñÏÂÁеĶ«Î÷£¨¼Ù¶¨Äã¶Ô chat Ö¸¶¨ -v ²¢ÇÒ¶Ô pppd Ö¸¶¨ -d
Ñ¡Ï.... ÕâÊǽô¸úÔÚ pppd Æð¶¯×ÊѶ֮áá¼Ç¼µ½ÏµÍ³¼Ç¼µµ°¸ÀïµÄ chat
Ö¸Áî¸å¼°Æä»ØÓ¦:
Oct 21 16:09:58 hwin chat[19868]: abort on (NO CARRIER)
Oct 21 16:09:59 hwin chat[19868]: abort on (BUSY)
Oct 21 16:09:59 hwin chat[19868]: send (ATZ^M)
Oct 21 16:09:59 hwin chat[19868]: expect (OK)
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: ATZ^M^M
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: OK -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: send (ATDT722298^M)
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: expect (CONNECT)
Oct 21 16:10:00 hwin chat[19868]: ^M
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: ATDT722298^M^M
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: CONNECT -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: send (^M)
Oct 21 16:10:22 hwin chat[19868]: expect (ogin:)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: kepler login: -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: send (hartr^M)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: expect (ssword:)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: hartr^M
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: Password: -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: send (??????^M)
Oct 21 16:10:23 hwin chat[19868]: expect (hartr)
Oct 21 16:10:24 hwin chat[19868]: [hartr -- got it
Oct 21 16:10:24 hwin chat[19868]: send (ppp^M)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19872]: pppd 2.1.2 started by root, uid 0
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: Using interface ppp0
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/cua1
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(LCP): Sent code 1, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: LCP: sending Configure-Request, id 1
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfreq(LCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd MRU
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (1500)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd ASYNCMAP
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (0)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 44
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd MAGICNUMBER
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (a098b898)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd PCOMPRESSION
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: rcvd ACCOMPRESSION
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: lcp_reqci: returning CONFACK.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(LCP): Sent code 2, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfack(LCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 1, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: IPCP: sending Configure-Request, id 1
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfreq(IPCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received ADDR
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (10.144.153.51)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received COMPRESSTYPE
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (45)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:27 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: returning Configure-ACK
Oct 21 16:10:28 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 2, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:30 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 1, id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:30 hwin pppd[19873]: IPCP: sending Configure-Request, id 1
Oct 21 16:10:30 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfreq(IPCP): Rcvd id 255.
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received ADDR
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: (10.144.153.51)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: received COMPRESSTYPE
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: (45)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: (ACK)
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: returning Configure-ACK
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(IPCP): Sent code 2, id 255.
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rconfack(IPCP): Rcvd id 1.
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: up
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: local IP address 10.144.153.104
Oct 21 16:10:31 hwin pppd[19873]: remote IP address 10.144.153.51
£¨×¢Òâ £ ÎÒʹÓþ²Ì¬µÄ IP ºÅÂë £ Òò´ËÎҵĻúÆ÷ËÍÕâЩ¶«Î÷µ½ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷È¥ £
Èç¹ûÄãʹÓö¯Ì¬µÄ IP ºÅÂëÄÇ÷áÄ㽫²»»á¿´¼ûÕâЩ£®£©
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Æð¶¯ÄãµÄÈ«Çò×ÊѶä¯ÀÀÆ÷»òÊÇÈκÎÆäËü¶«¶«²¢ÇÒ¿ªÊ¼¹ä £ ÄãÉÏÏßÁË!
17. ½áÊø PPP Á¬½á
µ±ÄãÍê³É PPP Á¬½áÖ®áᣬ¿ÉÒÔʹÓñê×¼µÄ ppp-off Ö¸ÁîÖÕÖ¹Ëü£¨Òª¼ÇµÃ £ ÄãµÃÊÇ
root »òÕßÊÇ PPP Ⱥ×éµÄ×éÔ±! £©
Ä㽫»áÔÚÄãµÄϵͳ¼Ç¼Àï¿´¼ûһЩÏñÕâÑùµÄµÄ¶«Î÷:
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 45
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: Interrupt received: terminating link
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: ipcp: down
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: default route ioctl(SIOCDELRT): Bad address
Oct 21 16:10:45 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_sdata(LCP): Sent code 5, id 2.
Oct 21 16:10:46 hwin pppd[19873]: fsm_rtermack(LCP).
Oct 21 16:10:46 hwin pppd[19873]: Connection terminated.
Oct 21 16:10:46 hwin pppd[19873]: Exit.
±ðµ£ÐÄÄǸö SIOCDELRT - Õâ²»¹ýÊÇ pppd ±íʾҪ½áÊøÁ˶øûʲ÷áºÃµ£Ðĵģ®
18. Õì´í
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18.1 ÎÒ°Ñ PPP ±àÒë½øÈ¥µ«ÊÇ Linux ˵ÎÒûÓÐ...
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pppd£¬µ«ºËÐÄÈÔÈ»±§Ô¹ËµËü²»Ö§Ô® PPP! ÓÐÐí¶àÔÒò¿ÉÄܵ¼Ö´ËÊ·¢Éú£®
18.1.1 ÄãÆô¶¯µÄÊÇÕýÈ·µÄºËÐÄÂð?
ËäÈ»ÄãÒѾÖØбàÒëºËÐÄÒÔÖ§Ô® PPP£¬ÄãȴûÓÐÆô¶¯ÐµĺËÐÄ£® Õâ¿ÉÄÜÊÇÒòΪÄãûÓиüÐÂ
/etc/lilo.conf ²¢ÖØÅÜ lilo£®
¼ì²éµÄ·½·¨ÊÇÏÂÕâ¸öÖ¸Áî uname -a£¬½«²úÉúÏñÕâÑùµÄ½á¹û
Linux archenland 2.0.28 #2 Thu Feb 13 12:31:37 EST 1997 i586
Ëü¸ø³öÁ˺ËÐĵİ汾¼°ºËÐıàÒëµÄÈÕÆÚ - ÕâÑùÄã¾ÍÖªµÀµ½µ×·¢ÉúÁËʲ÷áÊ£®
18.1.2 Ä㽫 PPP ºËÐÄÖ§Ô®±àÒëΪģ×éÂð?
Èç¹ûÄ㽫 PPP ºËÐÄÖ§Ô®±àÒëΪģ×飬µ«È´Ã»ÓбàÒë¼°°²×°Ä£×飬Äã¾Í»áµÃµ½Õâ¸ö´íÎó£®
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ÁíÒ»¸öÄ£×éÁ¬½áµÄ¿ÉÄÜÎÊÌâÊÇÄãÆÚÍûÐèÒªµÄÄ£×é×Ô¶¯µØ±»ÔØÈ룬µ«È´Ã»ÓÐÖ´ÐÐ kerneld
(»á×Ô¶¯ÔØÈë²¢ÒƳýÄ£×éµÄ¹¤¾ß)£® ¿´Ò»Ï kerneld mini-HOWTO ÀïµÄ×ÊѶ˵Ã÷ÈçºÎÉ趨
kerneld£®
18.1.3 ÄãÊÇ·ñÄãÓÃÕýÈ·µÄ PPP °æ±¾ÅäºÏÄãµÄºËÐÄ?
Äã±ØÐëʹÓà ppp-2.2 ÒÔÅäºÏºËÐÄ 2.0.X£® Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚºËÐÄ 1.2.X ʹÓà ppp-2.2
(Èç¹ûÄãÐÞ²¹¹ýºËÐÄ)·ñÔòÄã±ØÐëʹÓà ppp-2.1.2£®
18.1.4 ÄãÊÇ·ñÒÔ root Éí·ÝÖ´ÐÐ pppd?
Èç¹ûÄã²»ÊÇÒÔ root Éí·ÝÖ´ÐÐ pppd (²¢ÇÒ pppd ²¢Î´É趨ΪÒÔ root
Éí·ÝÖ´ÐÐ)£¬Äã¾Í»áÊÕµ½´ËѶϢ£®
18.2 ÎÒµÄÊý¾Ý»úÁ¬ÉÏÁ˵« PPP ²¢Î´Æô¶¯
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 46
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PC ÓëËÅ·þÆ÷µÄ¶Ô»°¼Çµ½ÄãµÄϵͳ¼Ç¼ÖÐ(/var/log/messages)È»ááÒ»ÐÐÒ»Ðеؿ´¸ö×Ðϸ£®
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18.3 ϵͳ¼Ç¼˵ "serial line is not 8 bit clean..."
ÕâÒ²ÓÐÐí¶àµÄÀàËÆÇéÐÎ - ÏñÊÇ serial line looped back
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µ± pppd Æô¶¯áᣬËü»áËͳöÁ¬½á¿ØÖÆж¨(link control protocol)·â°üµ½Ô¶¶Ë»úÆ÷£®
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18.3.1 ÄãûÓÐÕýÈ·µØÇ©ÈëËÅ·þÆ÷
µ±ÄãµÄ chat Ö¸Áî¸åÍê³ÉáᣬÄãµÄ PC »áÆô¶¯
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18.3.2 Ä㲢δÆô¶¯ËÅ·þÆ÷É쵀 PPP
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PPP£®
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18.3.3 Ô¶¶ËµÄ PPP ¹ý³ÌÆô¶¯ºÜÂý
ÕâÓеã¶ù¼¼ÇÉ!
Ô¤ÉèµÄÇé¿öÏÂÄãµÄ Linux pppd ±»±àÒë³É×î¶àËͳöÊ®¸öÁ¬Ïß¿ØÖÆÒªÇó·â°ü£®
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 47
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ÔÚÄãµÄ PPP Ñ¡ÏîÖмÓÉÏ lcp-max-configure 30£® ÕâÔö¼Ó pppd
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PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 48
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ÀàËƵأ¬Äã¿ÉÒÔÔÚ ip-up Àï²åÈëһЩָÁîÈ¡µÃ£¨Ê¹Óà POP£©ÔÚÄãµÄ ISP
ÄDZߵÈÖøÄãµÄÈκεç×ÓÓʼþ£®
²»¹ýÔÚ /etc/ppp/ip-up Ò²ÓÐЩÏÞÖÆ:-
· ËüÒÔ¾ÖÏ޵Ļ·¾³±äÊýÒÔÔö¼Ó°²È«ÐÔ£®ÕâÒ²¾ÍÊÇ˵Äã±ØÐë¸ø³öÖ´ÐеµµÄÈ«²¿Â·¾¶Ãû³ÆµÈ£®
· ¼¼ÊõÉÏÀ´Ëµ£¬/etc/ppp/ip-up ÊÇÒ»¸ö³Ìʽ¶ø·ÇÖ¸Áî¸å£® ÕâÊÇ˵Ëü¿ÉÒÔ±»Ö±½ÓÖ´ÐÐ -
Ò²Òò´ËËüÔÚµÚÒ»ÐпªÊ¼±ØÐë¾ßÓбê×¼µÄ file magic (#!/bin/bash) ²¢ÇÒÄܱ» root
¶ÁÈ¡¼°Ö´ÐУ®
23.1 ÌØÊâµÝËÍ·¾¶
Èç¹ûÄãÁ¬½áµÄÊÇÁ½¸öÇøÓòÍø·£¬Ä㽫µÃÉèÁ¢Ò»¸öµ½ 'ÍâÃæµÄ' ÇøÓòÍø·µÄÖ¸¶¨µÝËÍ·¾¶£®
Õâ¿ÉÒÔºÜÈÝÒ×µÄʹÓà /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸å´ï³É£®Î¨Ò»µÄÀ§ÄÑ·¢ÉúÔÚÄãµÄ»úÆ÷Óжà¸ö
PPP Á¬½áʱ£®
ÕâÊÇÒòΪ /etc/ppp/ip-up Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî¸åÊÇÓÉÿһ¸öÆð¶¯µÄ ppp
Á¬ÏßËùÖ´Ðеģ¬ËùÒÔÄãµÃҪСÐĵØΪÿһ¸öÆ𶯵ÄÁ¬½áÖ´ÐÐÕýÈ·µÄµÝËÍÖ¸Áî!
23.2 ´¦Àíµç×ÓÓʼþØùÁÐ
µ±Á½¸öÇøÓòÍø·µÄÁ¬½á½¨Á¢Ö®áᣬÄã¿ÉÄÜÏëҪȷ¶¨·ÅÔÚØùÁÐÖеĵç×ÓÓʼþ±»Çå³ö -
Ë͵½ËüµÄÄ¿µÄµØ£® Õâ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÊʵ±µÄºô½Ð sendmail À´´ï³É£®
ÔÚ pppd ´«µÝ¸øÖ¸Áî¸åµÄÌض¨²ÎÊýÉÏʹÓà bash µÄ `case' ÐðÊöÀ´Íê³ÉÕâ¸ö¹¤×÷£®
ÀýÈ磬ÕâÊÇÎÒÓÃÀ´´¦ÀíÎÒÃǵĹãÓòÍø·Á¬½á¼°Í¨ÍùÎÒ¼ÒÒÒÌ«Íø·µÄ£¨Ò²ÊÇÓÉÏàͬµÄ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷´¦Àí£©/etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸å£®
23.3 Ò»¸ö /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸åµÄÀý×Ó
ÏÂÃæµÄÀý×ÓÌṩ²»Í¬µÄʹÓáõÀý£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 53
#!/bin/bash
#
# Script which handles the routing issues as necessary for pppd
# Only the link to Newman requires this handling.
#
# When the ppp link comes up, this script is called with the following
# parameters
# $1 the interface name used by pppd (e.g. ppp3)
# $2 the tty device name
# $3 the tty device speed
# $4 the local IP address for the interface
# $5 the remote IP address
# $6 the parameter specified by the 'ipparam' option to pppd
#
case "$5" in
# Handle the routing to the Newman Campus server
202.12.126.1)
/sbin/route add -net 202.12.126.0 gw 202.12.126.1
# and flush the mail queue to get their email there asap!
/usr/sbin/sendmail -q &
;;
139.130.177.2)
# Our Internet link
# When the link comes up, start the time server and synchronise to the world
# provided it is not already running
if [ ! -f /var/lock/subsys/xntpd ]; then
/etc/rc.d/init.d/xntpd.init start &
fi
# Start the news server (if not already running)
if [ ! -f /var/lock/subsys/news ]; then
/etc/rc.d/init.d/news start &
fi
;;
203.18.8.104)
# Get the email down to my home machine as soon as the link comes up
# No routing is required as my home Ethernet is handled by IP
# masquerade and proxyarp routing.
/usr/sbin/sendmail -q &
;;
*)
esac
exit 0
Æð¶¯Í¨ÍùÎÒÃÇ Newman У԰µÄ ppp
Á¬½áÒÔ¼°Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî¸åµÄ½á¹û£¬ÎÒÃÇ×îááµÃµ½ÏÂÃæÕâ¸öµÝËͱí¸ñ¼Ç¼£¨Õą̂»úÆ÷Ò²ÊÇÎÒÃÇͨ³£ÓõÄ
PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷²¢ÇÒ´¦ÀíÎÒÃǵÄÍø¼ÊÍø·Á¬½á£©£®
ÎÒÒѾÔÚÕâ¸öÊä³öÀï¼ÓÈëһЩע½âÒÔ½âÊÍÿ¸öÏîÄ¿ÊÇʲ÷á:
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 54
[root@kepler /root]# route -n
Kernel routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window Use Iface
# the HOST route to our remote internet gateway
139.130.177.2 * 255.255.255.255 UH 1500 0 134 ppp4
# the HOST route to our Newman campus server
202.12.126.1 * 255.255.255.255 UH 1500 0 82 ppp5
# the HOST route to my home ethernet
203.18.8.104 * 255.255.255.255 UH 1500 0 74 ppp3
# two of our general dial up PPP lines
203.18.8.64 * 255.255.255.255 UH 552 0 0 ppp2
203.18.8.62 * 255.255.255.255 UH 552 0 1 ppp1
# the specific network route to the Newman campus LAN
202.12.126.0 202.12.126.1 255.255.255.0 UG 1500 0 0 ppp5
# the route to our local Ethernet (super-netting two adjacent C classes)
203.18.8.0 * 255.255.254.0 U 1500 0 1683 eth0
# the route to the loop back device
127.0.0.0 * 255.0.0.0 U 3584 0 483 lo
# the default route to the Internet
default 139.130.177.2 * UG 1500 0 3633 ppp4
23.4 ´¦Àíµç×ÓÓʼþ
ÉÏÒ»½ÚÌá¼°ÈçºÎ´¦ÀíÍâË͵ÄÓʼþ £ Ò»µ©Á¬Ïß½¨Á¢Ö®áá¼òµ¥µØ½åÓÉÇå³öÓʼþØùÁдï³É£®
Èç¹ûÄãÖ´ÐÐÁ¬Íù¹ãÓòÍø·µÄÁ¬½á£¬Äã¿ÉÒÔ¸úÔ¶¶ËÇøÓòÍø·µÄÍø·¹ÜÀíÕßе÷ÇëËüÃÇÖ´ÐÐÍêÈ«ÏàͬµÄ¶¯×÷£®
ÀýÈ磬ÔÚÎÒÃǵĹãÓòÍø·Á¬½áÖÐ Newman У԰ÄÇÒ»¶ËµÄ /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸å¿´ÆðÀ´Ïñ:
#!/bin/bash
#
# Script which handles the routing issues as necessary for pppd
# Only the link to Hedland requires this handling.
#
# When the ppp link comes up, this script is called with the following
# parameters
# $1 the interface name used by pppd (e.g. ppp3)
# $2 the tty device name
# $3 the tty device speed
# $4 the local IP address for the interface
# $5 the remote IP address
# $6 the parameter specified by the 'ipparam' option to pppd
#
case "$5" in
203.18.8.4)
/usr/sbin/sendmail -q
;;
*)
esac
exit 0
È»¶øÈç¹ûÄãÖ»ÄÜʹÓö¯Ì¬ IP ºÅÂ뷽ʽµÄ PPP Á¬ÏßÁ¬ÍùÄãµÄ ISP£¬ÄãµÃ´ÓÔÚÄã ISP
»úÆ÷ÉϵÄÕʺÅÈ¡µÃÄãµÄµç×ÓÓʼþ£® Õâͨ³£ÊÇʹÓà POP(Post Office Proto
col)ж¨À´´ï³ÉµÄ£®¿ÉÒÔʹÓà `popclient' ³Ìʽ´¦ÀíÕâ¸ö³ÌÐò £ ¶ø ip-up
Ö¸Áî¸åÒ²¿ÉÒÔΪÄã×Ô¶¯»¯Õâ¸ö³ÌÐò£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 55
¼òµ¥µØ½¨Á¢Ò»¸ö /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸å£¬ÆäÖаüº¬ÓÐÆ𶯠popclient ³ÌʽµÄÊʵ±Ö¸Á
ÔÚÎÒÖ´ÐÐ Red Hat Linux µÄÏ¥ÉÏÐ͵çÄÔÉÏ£¨ÈκÎÂÃÐÐʱÎÒ¶¼´øÖøËü£©ÊÇÕâÑùµÄ
popclient -3 -c -u hartr -p <password> kepler.hedland.edu.au |formail -s procmail
Äã¿ÉÒÔʹÓà slurp »òÆäËüÈíÌåÒÔÏàͬµÄ·½Ê½È¡µÃÍø·ÐÂÎÅ£¬ÒÔ¼°ÖîÈç´ËÀàµÄ·þÎñ£®
¼ÇµÃ£¬ip-up Õâ¸öÖ¸Áî¸åÖ»ÊǸö±ê×¼µÄ bash Ö¸Áî¸åÒò´Ë¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´×Ô¶¯»¯µ±Ã¿´ÎÊʵ±µÄ
PPP Á¬½á½¨Á¢Ê±ÐèÒªÍê³ÉµÄÈκι¦ÄÜ£®
24. ʹÓà /etc/ppp/ip-down
Äã¿ÉÒÔ½¨Á¢Ò»Ö¸Áî¸åÔÚÁ¬½ÓÒ»µ©½áÊøÖ®ááÖ´ÐУ®Õâ´æ·ÅÔÚ /etc/ppp/ip-down À
Õâ¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´»¹ÔÈκζÔÓ¦ÄãÔÚ /etc/ppp/ip-up Ö¸Áî¸åÖÐ×öµÄÌØÊ⶯×÷£®
25. ÇøÓòÍø·ÉϵĵÝËÍÎÊÌâ
Èç¹ûÄãÒѾÁ¬½ÓÔÚij¸öÇøÓòÍø·Éϵ«ÊÇÈÔÈ»ÏëҪʹÓÃÔÚÄã¸öÈ赀 Linux »úÆ÷É쵀 pppd
µÄ»°£¬ÄãµÃÒªÓ¦¸¶Ä³Ð©µÝËÍ·â°üµÄÎÊÌ⣬´ÓÄãµÄ»úÆ÷µ½ÄãµÄÇøÓòÍø·£¨¾¹ýÄãµÄÒÒÌ«Íø·½çÃ棩ÒÔ¼°µ½Ô¶¶ËµÄ
PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷ºÍ¸üÍâÃæµÄÊÀ½ç£®
ÕâÒ»½Ú²¢²»³¢ÊÔ½ÌÄãÓйطâ°üµÝË͵ĻúÖÆ £
ËüÖ»´¦ÀíÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥µÄ£¬Ìض¨µÄµÝËÍÇé¿ö£¨¾²Ì¬µÄ£©!
Èç¹ûÄã²»ÊìϤµÝËÍ»úÖƵĻ°£¬ÄÇ÷áÎÒÇ¿ÁҵعÄÀøÄãÔĶÁ Linux Network Administrator
Guide (NAG)£® ͬʱ O'Reilly µÄÊé "TCP/IP Network Administration"
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£ ¶øÄãÏëÒªÔÚÈÔÈ»Á¬½ÓÖøÇøÓòÍø·µÄÇé¿öϲ¦½Óµ½Íø¼ÊÍø·ÉϹ©×Ô¼ºÊ¹Óã®
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½åÓÉ·¢³ö route Ö¸Áî¼ì²éÖ®£¬ÄãÓ¦¸Ã»á¿´¼ûÈçϵÄѶϢ:
[root@hwin /root]# route -n
Kernel routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window Use Iface
loopback * 255.255.255.0 U 1936 0 50 lo
10.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1436 0 565 eth0
Èç¹ûÄãµÄÒÒÌ«Íø·½çÃæ (eth0) Ö¸ÏòÔ¤ÉèµÝËÍ·¾¶£¬£¨ÔÚ eth0 ¸ÃÐеĵÚÒ»ÁÐÉÏ»áÏÔʾ
"default"
×ÖÑù£©ÄÇ÷áÄãµÃÒª±ä¸üÄãµÄÒÒÌ«Íø·ÆðʼָÁî¸åʹËüÖ¸ÏòÌض¨µÄÍø·ºÅÂë¶ø·ÇÔ¤ÉèµÝËÍ·¾¶£¨²ÎÕÕ
Net2 HOWTO ÒÔ¼° NAG£©£®
Õ⽫ÔÊÐí pppd ÉèÁ¢ÄãµÄÔ¤ÉèµÝËÍ·¾¶£¬ÈçÏÂËùʾ:
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 56
[root@hwin /root]# route -n
Kernel routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags MSS Window Use Iface
10.144.153.51 * 255.255.255.255 UH 488 0 0 ppp0
127.0.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1936 0 50 lo
10.1.0.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 1436 0 569 eth0
default 10.144.153.51 * UG 488 0 3 ppp0
ÈçͬÄãËù¼ûµ½µÄ£¬ÎÒÃÇÓµÓоÓÉ ppp0 µ½ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷(10.144.153.51)µÄÖ÷»úµÝËÍÉ趨¶øÇÒÒ²ÓµÓÐʹÓà PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷×÷ΪբµÀµÄÔ¤ÉèÍø·µÝËÍÉ趨£®
Èç¹ûÄãµÄÉ趨µÃÒª±È´Ë¸ü¸´ÔÓ £ ÔĶÁÒѾÌá¹ýÓйصÝË͵ÄÎļþ²¢Çë½ÌÔÚÄãÉíÅÔµÄר¼Ò!
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25.1 °²È«ÉϵÄ×¢ÒâÊÂÏî
µ±ÄãÔÚÏÖÓеÄÇøÓòÍø·ÉÏÉ趨һ̨ Linux
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Òò´ËÔçµã²Î¿¼ O'Reilly µÄ "Building Internet Firewalls"!
26. ½¨Á¢ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷
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Çë×¢Ò⣬ÕâÒ»½ÚÖ»¸úÈçºÎÉ趨 Linux ×÷Ϊ PPP
ËÅ·þÆ÷Óйأ®ÎÒ²»Ï루²»Ôø£©°üº¬ÓйØÉ趨ÌØÊâÖն˻úËÅ·þÆ÷¼°ÕâÒ»ÀàµÄ×ÊѶ£®
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26.1 ±àÒëºËÐÄ
ËùÓÐÔçÏÈÌá¹ý¹Ø춱àÒëºËÐÄÒÔ¼°ºËÐÄÓë pppd
°æ±¾µÄ˵Ã÷¶¼ÊÊÓã®Õâ½Ú¼ÙÉèÄãÒѾ¶Á¹ýÕâ·ÝÎļþÇ°ÃæµÄÕ½Ú!
¶Ôì¶ PPP ËÅ·þÆ÷£¬Äã±ØÐëÔÚÄãµÄºËÐÄÖаüº¬ IP forwarding µÄ¹¦ÄÜ£®
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 57
ÄãÒ²¿ÉÄÜ»áÏ£Íû°üº¬ÆäËüµÄ¹¦ÄÜ£¨ÏñÊÇ IP firewalls, accounting µÈµÈ£©£®
Èç¹ûÄãʹÓö಺´®Áп¨£¬ÄÇ÷áÄãÒ²±ØÐëÃ÷È·µØÔÚÄãµÄºËÐÄÖаüº¬±ØÒªµÄÇý¶¯³Ìʽ!
26.2 ËÅ·þÆ÷ϵͳµÄ¸Å¹Û
ÎÒÃÇʹÓÃÏàͬµÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³Æ£¯ÃÜÂëÅä¶ÔÌṩ²¦½Ó PPP (and SLIP) ÕʺÅÒÔ¼° shell Õʺţ®
ÕâÑù×öµÄºÃ´¦£¨¶ÔÎÒÃǶøÑÔ£©ÊÇʹÓÃÕßÖ»ÐèÒªÒ»¸öÕʺžͿÉÒÔʹÓÃËùÓÐÖÖÀàµÄÁ¬Ïߣ®
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ʹÓÃÕß½¨Á¢Á¬ÍùÎÒÃǽڵãÖ® PPP Á¬½áµÄ³ÌÐò£¨µ±È»ÊÇÔÚËûÃÇÓµÓÐÓÐЧµÄÕʺÅáᣩÊÇ:
· ²¦ÈëÎÒÃǵÄ×Ô¶¯×ª½Ó²¦ºÅÆ÷£¨ÕâÊÇÁ¬½áÒ»¶ÑÊý¾Ý»úµÄµ¥Ò»µç»°ºÅÂë £
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· ʹÓÃÒ»¶ÔÓÐЧµÄʹÓÃÕßÃû³ÆÒÔ¼°ÃÜÂëÇ©È룮
· ÔÚ shell Ìáʾ·ûºÅÏ£¬·¢³ö ppp Ö¸ÁîÒÔÆô¶¯ËÅ·þÆ÷É쵀 PPP ³ÌÐò£®
· Æô¶¯ËûÃÇ»úÆ÷É쵀 PPP£¨¿ÉÒÔÊÇÖ´ÐÐ Windows, DOS, Linux, MAC OS
»òÈκÎ×÷ҵϵͳµÄ»úÆ÷ £ ÕâÊÇËûÃǵÄÎÊÌ⣩£®
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Port Hedland, Western Australia
Melbourne, Victoria, Australia August/October 1996 January/March 1997
PPP HOWTO ÖÐÒë°æ 61
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